Gordoks

Gordox (aprotinin) is a drug that is a protease inhibitor. Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins, and they can play a role in various biological processes in the body. Aprotinin is used in medical practice for a number of purposes, including controlling bleeding in surgery, reducing blood loss during surgery, and to treat complications associated with surgery. In addition, it may be used in some cases to reduce inflammation and other reactions to tissue damage.

Indications Gordoksa

1. Control of bleeding in surgery: The drug can be used to reduce bleeding during surgery, especially in cardiac and vascular surgery.
2. Reduced blood loss during surgery: Gordox helps reduce the amount of blood lost during surgery.
3. Treatment of complications after surgery: Used to reduce complications such as swelling and inflammation that may occur after surgery.

Release form

Gordox (Aprotinin) is usually available in the form of an injection solution.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Protease Inhibition: Aprotinin blocks the activity of various proteases in the body, including trypsin, chymotrypsin and kallikrein. This helps prevent the breakdown of proteins in the body, which can be useful in a variety of medical situations.
2. Use in surgery: Aprotinin is widely used in surgical practice to reduce blood loss and reduce the risk of bleeding during operations. This is achieved by inhibiting proteases, which can break down blood clots and increase bleeding.
3. Use in cardiac surgery: In cardiac surgery, aprotinin can be used to prevent bleeding and reduce the risk of thrombosis during cardiac surgery.
4. Use in dentistry: In dentistry, aprotinin can be used to reduce bleeding and speed up healing after oral surgery.
5. Use in other areas: Aprotinin can also be used in the treatment of burns, sepsis, pancreatitis and other conditions associated with inflammation and impaired hemostasis.

Pharmacokinetics

Aprotinin, the active component of Gordox, is usually quickly metabolized and excreted from the body. After intravenous administration, its total clearance is approximately 50 ml/kg/min. It is mainly metabolized in the kidneys and also in the liver. About 75% of the dose is excreted through the kidneys in the form of metabolites and unmetabolized drug. In patients with renal impairment or older age, dosage adjustment may be required due to altered clearance of aprotinin.

Dosing and administration

The method of administration and dose of Gordox (Aprotinin) depend on the medical purpose, the patient’s condition and the doctor’s recommendations. It is usually given as an injection intravenously or sometimes intramuscularly.

Use Gordoksa during pregnancy

1. Limited data: There is insufficient data on the safety of aprotinin during pregnancy. Because of this, the drug should be used during pregnancy only when the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus.

2. Risks and precautions:

   • The toxic effects on the fetus and the teratogenic potential of aprotinin have not been fully studied, making its use during pregnancy potentially risky.
   • If it is necessary to use aprotinin during pregnancy, it is important to carefully monitor the condition of the fetus and mother to promptly identify any possible complications.

3. Doctors' recommendations:

   • The use of aprotinin during pregnancy should be considered with caution, and only if there are no safer alternatives for managing bleeding or other medical conditions requiring its use.
   • If it is absolutely necessary to use Gordox, treatment should be carried out under strict medical supervision, taking into account all precautions to minimize risks.

Contraindications

1. Allergic reaction: Patients with known hypersensitivity or allergy to aprotinin or any of the components of the drug should avoid its use.
2. Pregnancy: The use of Gordox is contraindicated during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, unless the benefit outweighs the potential risks to the fetus.
3. Severe renal impairment: In patients with severe renal impairment, the use of Gordox may be contraindicated due to the risk of toxic accumulation of the drug in the body.
4. Severe liver failure: In patients with severe liver failure, Gordox may be contraindicated due to possible disruption of metabolism and elimination of the drug.
5. Hypercoagulability: Gordox may contribute to the development of thromboembolic complications in patients with disorders of the blood coagulation system.
6. Crohn's disease: In patients with Crohn's disease (chronic inflammatory process in the intestine), the use of aprotinin may worsen the condition.
7. Use in pediatric practice: There is insufficient data on the use of Gordox in children, therefore its use in pediatric practice requires caution and consultation with a doctor.

Side effects Gordoksa

1. Allergic reactions: Include skin rash, itching, redness of the skin, or swelling of the face, lips, or tongue. If allergic reactions occur, you should immediately stop taking the drug and consult a doctor.
2. Heart problems: May include arrhythmia (non-sinus heart rhythm), tachycardia (fast heart rate), or hypotension (low blood pressure).
3. Blood problems: Include thrombosis (formation of blood clots in a blood vessel) or thromboembolism (movement of a blood clot into a blood vessel).
4. Kidney problems: Elevated levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen may occur.
5. Other rare side effects: Include headache, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

Overdose

1. Risk of thrombosis: Since aprotinin can affect the hemostatic and blood coagulation systems, overdose may increase the risk of thrombosis or thromboembolic complications.
2. Renal impairment: Impaired renal function may develop, especially in patients with a predisposition to renal failure or concomitant diseases.
3. Liver dysfunction: Overdose of aprotinin can also lead to impaired liver function, especially in patients with a predisposition to liver failure or concomitant diseases.
4. Other complications: Other undesirable effects are possible, such as allergic reactions, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other digestive system disorders.

Interactions with other drugs

1. Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Interactions with aprotinin may increase the risk of bleeding, especially in patients undergoing surgery. This is due to the possibility of impaired platelet function and an increase in blood clotting time.
2. Drugs that affect blood clotting: Combination with anticoagulants such as heparin may also increase the risk of bleeding and require careful monitoring.
3. Medicines for cardiovascular diseases: Some drugs, such as acetylsalicylic acid or anticoagulants, may increase the risk of bleeding when used concomitantly with aprotinin.
4. Diabetes medications: Aprotinin may change blood glucose levels and dosage adjustments may be necessary when combined with diabetes medications.