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Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium

Swelling of the legs in the last stages of pregnancy

Swelling of the legs is more typical for late pregnancy. Some swelling may be the result of compression of the inferior vena cava with an enlarged uterus in the prone position, a violation of outflow from both femoral veins.

Vomiting in early pregnancy

Nausea and vomiting are the most common symptoms during pregnancy; their appearance is associated with a rapid increase in estrogen levels. Although most often vomiting is noted in the morning (morning sickness), nevertheless, nausea and vomiting can occur at any time of the day.

Bleeding from the genital tract in the early stages of pregnancy

Bleeding from the genital tract occurs in approximately 20-30% of confirmed pregnancies during the first 20 weeks; half of them result in spontaneous abortion.

Treatment of meconium aspiration syndrome and its prevention

Intranatal amnioninfusion in the presence of meconium in the water. This procedure is most indicated in the presence of densely colored meconium of amniotic fluid. The results of four randomized trials of recent years have been processed by meta-analysis of Hofmeyr.

Aspiration of meconium and amniotic fluid

Meconium aspiration is a type of respiratory distress syndrome, characterized by obstruction of the airways due to the entry of fetal amniotic fluid into the tracheobronchial tree.

Postpartum purulent-septic diseases

Postpartum purulent-septic diseases represent a serious problem and are one of the main causes of maternal morbidity and mortality.

HIV infection in pregnant women

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an anthroponotic infection characterized by progressive damage to the immune system leading to the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and death from secondary diseases. The causative agent belongs to the family of retroviruses (Retroviridae), a subfamily of slow viruses (Lentivirus).

Postpartum mastitis

Postpartum mastitis is an inflammatory disease of the mammary gland of a bacterial nature that develops after birth and is associated with lactation.

Endometritis

Endometritis - inflammation of the uterine mucosa of polymicrobial etiology. Endometritis during labor (chorioamnionitis) is a polymicrobial infection of membranes and amniotic fluid.

Hypothyroidism in pregnant women

Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome caused by a prolonged, persistent deficiency of thyroid hormones in the body or a decrease in their biological effect at the tissue level.

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