Diseases of the liver and biliary tract

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

The causes of sclerosing cholangitis are numerous. Its outcome is progressive fibrosis and, as a consequence, disappearance inside and / or extrahepatic bile ducts. In the early stages of damage to the bile duct and hepatocyte is not so pronounced, liver failure develops later.

Dabina-Johnson syndrome: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

At the heart of the Dabin-Johnson syndrome (family chronic idiopathic jaundice with an unidentified pigment in the hepatic cells) is a congenital defect in the violation of the excretory function of hepatocytes (postmicrosomal hepatocellular jaundice).

Kriegler-Nayyar Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

At the heart of the Kriegler-Nayar syndrome (nonhemolytic nuclear jaundice) is the complete absence in the hepatocytes of the enzyme glucuronyltransferase and the absolute inability of the liver to conjugate bilirubin (microsomal jaundice).

Gilbert's Syndrome

Gilbert syndrome is a hereditary disease and is transmitted by an autosomal dominant type. At the heart of the pathogenesis of the disease is the insufficiency in the hepatocytes of the enzyme glucuronyltransferase, which conjugates bilirubin with glucuronic acid.

Rotor Syndrome: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Rotor Syndrome (chronic family non-hemolytic jaundice with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia and normal liver histology without unidentified pigment in hepatocytes) is hereditary in nature, transmitted autosomally recessively. The pathogenesis of the Rotor syndrome is similar to the pathogenesis of the Dabin-Johnson syndrome, but the defect in the excretion of bilirubin is less pronounced.

Secondary biliary cirrhosis

Secondary biliary cirrhosis of the liver is a cirrhosis that develops as a result of a prolonged disturbance of the outflow of bile at the level of the large vnucrohepatic bile ducts.

Primary biliary cirrhosis of the liver

Primary biliary cirrhosis of the liver is an autoimmune liver disease that begins as a chronic, destructive, non-venous cholangitis, which lasts for a long time without significant symptoms, leading to the development of prolonged cholestasis and only at later stages to the formation of liver cirrhosis.

Cirrhosis of the liver

Liver cirrhosis is a chronic polyetiological diffuse progressive liver disease, characterized by a significant decrease in the number of functioning hepatocytes, increasing fibrosis, restructuring of the normal structure of the parenchyma and vascular system of the liver, the appearance of regeneration nodes and the development of subsequent hepatic insufficiency and portal hypertension.

Acute drug-induced hepatitis

Acute drug hepatitis develops only in a small proportion of patients taking drugs, and manifests itself approximately 1 week after the start of treatment. The probability of developing acute drug hepatitis is usually not predictable. It does not depend on the dose, but it increases with repeated use of the medicine.

Hepatotoxicity of paracetamol

In adults, necrosis in the liver develops after taking at least 7.5-10 g of the drug, but it is difficult to estimate the dose of the drug, since vomiting develops rapidly, and the history data are unreliable.

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