Diseases of the heart and blood vessels (cardiology)

Acute right ventricular failure in children

After heart surgery, the emergence of acute right ventricular failure is associated with the development of residual pulmonary hypertension (systolic form) or with a decrease in contractility of the right ventricle (diastolic form).

Acute left ventricular failure in children

In children, acute left ventricular failure is most often diagnosed after anatomical correction of simple transposition of the main arteries (by the method of arterial switching), and after total anomalous drainage of the pulmonary veins.

Syndrome of the superior vena cava

Syndrome of the superior vena cava (SVVV) is a veno-occlusive disease that leads to clinically significant disturbance of venous outflow from the upper vena cava basin.

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy

Alcohol dilated cardiomyopathy (alcoholic heart disease, alcoholic myocardial damage, toxic dilated cardiomyopathy) is a secondary dilated cardiomyopathy that occurs against the background of alcohol abuse-chronic alcohol intoxication-and manifests itself mainly in myocardial left ventricular involvement, followed by involvement of other heart chambers and their expansion.

Arrhythmias in children and their treatment

Arrhythmias in children - heart rhythm disorders, which are often the cause of cardiovascular failure. Treatment of arrhythmia in children is different and depends on the visible rhythm disturbance.

Hypertension

Hypertension is a very common disease. It develops as a result of narrowing of small vessels. Increased pressure is often a symptom of other diseases, or be primary, which is an independent nosological unit.

Artificial heart valves

Modern, available for clinical use, biological artificial heart valves, with the exception of pulmonary autograft, are non-viable structures that lack the potential for growth and tissue repair. This imposes significant limitations on their use, especially in children in the correction of valvular pathology.

Heart valve replacement

The basic principles of technique and tactics of implantation of frame bioprostheses are similar to those when using mechanical valves. Unlike mechanical and skeletal biological prostheses, frameless bio-valves (xenografts, allografts, etc.) are not rigid, resistant to deformation structures and therefore their implantation can be accompanied by a change in both geometric and functional characteristics.

Myocardial infarction in the elderly

In elderly people there are different forms of manifestation of IHD - myocardial infarction in the elderly, angina pectoris, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis, chronic circulatory failure, rhythm disturbances and intermediate forms of coronary insufficiency (small-focal myocardial infarction in elderly people and focal dystrophy of the myocardium).

Heart failure in the elderly

Heart failure in the elderly is due to a complex of structural and functional changes in various organs and systems. These changes, on the one hand, are inherent in an aging organism, serve as a manifestation of natural physiological aging, and on the other hand, are caused by diseases that existed in adulthood and middle age or joined in later periods.

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