Diseases of the heart and blood vessels (cardiology)

Pericarditis: general information

Pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium, often accompanied by accumulation of effusion in its cavity. Pericarditis can be caused by many causes (for example, infectious process, myocardial infarction, trauma, tumors, metabolic disorders), but it is often idiopathic. Symptoms include chest pain or a feeling of pressure, often worse with deep breathing.

Noninfectious endocarditis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Noninfectious endocarditis (non-bacterial thromboendocarditis) is a disease accompanied by the formation of a sterile platelet and fibrin clot on the heart valves and adjacent contiguous endocardium in response to trauma, circulating immune complexes, vasculitis or increased coagulation.

Treatment of infective endocarditis

Treatment of infective endocarditis consists of a long course of antimicrobial therapy. Surgical intervention may be necessary for complications that disrupt the biomechanics of the valve apparatus, or resistant microorganisms.

Diagnosis of infective endocarditis

Since the symptoms of infective endocarditis are nonspecific, they change greatly and can develop unnoticeably, a high degree of alertness is required in diagnosis.

Symptoms of infective endocarditis

Endocarditis has local and systemic manifestations. Local changes in infective endocarditis include the formation of abscesses in the myocardium with destruction of the tissue and (sometimes) disorders of the conduction system (usually with abscesses of the lower part of the septum).

What causes infective endocarditis?

Normally, the heart is relatively resistant to infections. Bacteria and fungi are difficult to attach to the surface of the endocardium, as this is prevented by a constant flow of blood.

Infectious endocarditis: general information

Infective endocarditis is infective damage to the endocardium, usually bacterial (usually streptococcal and staphylococcal) or fungal. It leads to fever, noises in the heart, petechiae, anemia, embolic episodes and vegetation on the endocardium. Vegetations can lead to failure of the valves or obstruction, myocardial abscess, mycotic aneurysm.

Stenosis of the tricuspid valve: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Stenosis of the tricuspid valve is a narrowing of the tricuspid valve opening, which impedes the flow of blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle. Almost all cases are the result of rheumatic fever. Symptoms of stenosis of the tricuspid valve include a fluttering discomfort in the neck, fatigue, cold skin and discomfort in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen.

Tricuspid regurgitation: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Tricuspid regurgitation is a failure of the tricuspid valve, leading to a flow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium during systole.

Pulmonary Stenosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Pulmonary stenosis is the narrowing of the outflow tract of the right ventricle, causing an impediment to the flow of blood from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery during systole.

Health