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Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastroenterology)

Tropical sprue

Tropical sprue is an acquired disease, probably infectious etiology, characterized by malabsorption and megaloblastic anemia. The diagnosis is established clinically and a biopsy of the small intestine. Treatment of tropical sprue involves the use of tetracycline and folic acid for six months.

Syndrome of the small intestine: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

The syndrome of the small intestine is malabsorption as a consequence of extensive resection of the small intestine. The manifestations of the disease depend on the length and function of the remaining small intestine, but diarrhea can be severe and characteristic is a malnutrition.

Intestinal lymphangiectasia

Intestinal lymphangiectasia is the obstruction or malformation of the intralucosal lymphatic vessels of the small intestine. This is primarily observed in children and at a young age. Symptoms of intestinal lymphangiectasia include malabsorption with growth retardation and edema. The diagnosis is based on a small bowel biopsy.

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammation of the appendix, usually manifested by abdominal pain, anorexia and abdominal pain. The diagnosis is established clinically, often supplemented by CT or ultrasound. Treatment of appendicitis consists in surgical removal of the appendage.

Tuberculosis and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Among chronic nonspecific diseases associated with pulmonary tuberculosis, diseases of the digestive organs occupy one of the central places. Most often these are gastritis, peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcer, duodenitis.

Abdominal tuberculosis

Abdominal tuberculosis is most often localized in the intestines, lymph nodes and peritoneum. It is difficult to diagnose abdominal tuberculosis.

Esophageal diverticula: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Diverticulum of the esophagus is a protrusion of the mucosa through the muscular layer of the esophagus. The disease can be asymptomatic or cause dysphagia and regurgitation. The diagnosis is established radiologically with a sip of barium; surgical treatment of the esophageal diverticulum is rarely used.

Malformations of the esophagus: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

The developmental defects of the esophagus include its dysgenesis, relating to its shape, size and topographical relationship to surrounding tissues. The frequency of these vices is on the average 1:10 000, the sex ratio is 1: 1.

Varicose veins of the esophagus

Vascular diseases of the esophagus are subdivided into traumatic (primarily arising) and “genuinic”, arising from various diseases of the esophagus and related anatomically abdominal organs, as well as some systemic vascular diseases.

Spasms of the esophagus

Spasms of the esophagus refer to parakinetic disorders of the motor function of this organ, caused by toxic, microbial and viral neuritis innervating its nerves, as well as meningoencephalitis of a similar nature

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