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Cetiriax
Cetirinax is a systemic antihistamine drug, a piperazine derivative.
Pharmacodynamics
Cetirizine is a selective antagonist of H1 receptors with potent properties. It is able to suppress the allergic reaction to the action of histamine even on a segment of the instantaneous phase. In addition, the substance reduces the movement of inflammatory cells and weakens the release of conductors associated with delayed allergic effect. The effect on other receptors is insignificant, as a result of which the drug does not possess antiserotonin and holinolytic properties.
Pharmacokinetics
The substance undergoes rapid absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Resorption does not change in the case of simultaneous reception of food, but the speed of the process because of this can be slightly slowed down.
There is a high level of synthesis with a plasma protein. Biological half-life in a healthy person is in the range of 6-7 hours, and in children under 4 years old it is 5.5 hours.
Excretion is mainly carried out with urine (unchanged substance) - in about 5 days about 70%. About 10% of the feces are excreted. Biological time of half-life with a deficiency of the kidneys in a moderate or mild degree is 19-21 hours.
Contraindications
The main drug contraindications:
- the presence of hypersensitivity to cetirizine or additional composite elements of drugs;
- since the lactose is an auxiliary component of the drug, it is not prescribed to people suffering from malabsorption of glucose-galactose or galactosemia;
- It is forbidden to apply for lactase insufficiency;
- children under the age of 6;
- it is forbidden to take lactation, because the medicine penetrates into the mother's milk.
Side effects of the cetirinaxa
The taking of tablets can cause the following side effects:
- CNS reactions - dizziness, drowsiness or irritability, headaches and fatigue;
- manifestations of autonomic NA - redness on the face, loss of appetite, increased salivation;
- reactions of the digestive system - dryness of the oral mucosa, nausea, a feeling of discomfort;
- CCC reaction - development of tachycardia or palpitation;
- mucous and skin - the appearance of rashes.
In case of development of such disorders, it is necessary to divide the daily dosage (10 mg) into 2 separate uses - in the morning and in the evening, 5 mg each.
Dosing and administration
The tablet is consumed orally, washed down and not chewed.
Dose for adults and adolescents from 11 years - 1 tablet (10 mg) per day. Children 6-11 years old - per day 0,5-1 tablet (5-10 mg).
People with liver or kidney failure (QC values <11-31 ml / minute), as well as those who undergo hemodialysis (with QC <7 ml / minute), it is required to reduce the daily dosage to 0.5 tablets (5 mg).
Overdose
When an overdose in adults, a feeling of drowsiness is observed, in children, at first there is a feeling of anxiety along with excitement, and only then drowsiness develops.
Remove the symptoms of the disorder with supportive and symptomatic therapy. If a high dose of drugs is accidentally taken, gastric lavage is required. The medicine does not have a specific antidote. The procedure of hemodialysis will be ineffective.
Interactions with other drugs
Theophylline lowers the level of cetirizine clearance, without affecting the biotransformation of the substance.
You can not combine the intake of cetirizine with CNS depressants, because this can lead to a deterioration in the concentration of attention, which causes problems with normal life activity.