Cefpotek 200

Cefpotek 200 is a β-lactam antibiotic (3rd generation), which is used for oral administration (tablets).

The bactericidal activity of a drug is developed by suppressing the binding processes of the cell walls of bacteria that cause the development of the disease. In addition, the drug has a significant impact on various pathogenic microorganisms - aerobes, along with anaerobes, and in addition, gram-negative and positive bacteria.

Indications Cefpoteka 200

It is used for individual infections that appear due to the influence exerted by microbial pathogens that are sensitive to cefpodoxime:

• lesions of the upper respiratory tract (among them tonsillitis with sinusitis and pharyngitis). For pharyngitis or tonsillitis, medication is used only when the disease is in a relapsing or chronic form, and in addition in situations where resistance of the pathogen to popular antibiotics is suspected or already diagnosed;
• respiratory tract infections (bacterial pneumonia and the active phase of bronchitis or its relapses, as well as the exacerbation of its chronic form, among them);
• lesions of the lower and upper areas of the urethra in the uncomplicated stage (this includes cystitis and pyelonephritis in the active phase);
• infections of the subcutaneous tissue and the epidermis (cellulitis, ulcers, abscesses, boils with carbuncles, and in addition infected wound lesions, paronychia and folliculitis);
• urethritis gonococcal nature, proceeding without complications.

Release form

The release of the drug component is produced in tablets - 5 pieces inside the cell plate; in the box 2 or 4 records. It can also be produced on 7 tablets inside the package; 2 packs inside a pack.

Pharmacodynamics

The range of therapeutic activity includes the following bacteria:

• Gram-positive: pneumococci, streptococci from subcategory A (pyogenic streptococci), B (streptococci agalactia), and also C and F from G. The list also includes diphtheria corynebacterium, streptococcus mittis, S.Sanguis and salivary streptococcus;
• Gram-negative: meningococci, influenza bacilli, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, gonococcus, Moraxella cataris (strains that produce or do not produce β-lactamase), and in addition protei Mirabilis and Klebsiella (Klebsiella octocytes).
• microbes with moderate sensitivity: strains that either produce or do not produce penicillinase (epidermal staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus), but other than that sensitive to methicillin staphylococci.

Resistance with respect to cefpodoxime (and other cephalosporins) is demonstrated by: pseudomonas bacilli, enterococci, fragilis bacteroids, pseudomonads, clostridium differential, and saprophytic staphylococcus.

Pharmacokinetics

The active component of the drug is absorbed inside the small intestine, hydrolyzing to the active metabolic element cefpodoxime. Plasma Cmax values are recorded after 2-4 hours from the moment of use of 1-fold portion.

Cefpodoxime enters into synthesis with intraplasma blood proteins (mainly with albumin) of the unsaturated type. The indicator MIC of cefpodoxime relative to the majority of pathogen microbes is noted inside the bronchial mucosa, tonsils, pulmonary parenchyma, interstitial and pleural fluids, as well as prostate secretions.

It has a good indicator of the passage of renal tissue inside. After 12 hours from the moment of application of 1-time portion in the majority of bacteria causing infection of the urethra and kidneys, the level of MIC 90 is noted.

Excretion is mainly done with urine; half-life is about 2.4 hours.

Dosing and administration

It is recommended to use tablets with food to enhance the absorption of the drug.

Adolescents from 12 years of age and adults with healthy kidney function are prescribed the following portions:

• lesions of the upper respiratory tract (sinusitis and other infections, including pharyngitis with tonsillitis): the dose per day is 0.4 g - 0.2 g 2 times (with sinusitis) and 0.2 g - 0.1 g 2 - once (for other diseases);
• infections of the respiratory ducts: 0.2-0.4 g (taking into account the sensitivity of pathogen bacteria), administered 2 times a day in a dose of 0.1-0.2 g;
• urethral lesions occurring without complications: 0.4 mg - 0.2 g 2 times a day (with the active phase of pyelonephritis) or 0.2 g - 0.1 g 2 times a day (with cystitis);
• infection of the epidermis and subcutaneous layer: 0.4 g - 0.2 g of the drug 2 times a day;
• gonococcal form of urethritis that develops without complications: 1 single dose of 0.2 g of drugs.

The duration of therapy is determined individually, taking into account the intensity of the disease.

With problems with renal activity.

With KK values> 40 ml per minute, changing the dose of the medicine is not required.

If this indicator in a patient is below the specified mark, it is necessary to adjust the dosage portion of Zefpotek 200:

• QC level within 39-10 ml per minute - 1-fold portion * is used at 24-hour intervals (half of the standard adult);
• QC <10 ml per minute - 1 single dose * taken at 48-hour intervals (one quarter standard adult);
• persons on hemodialysis - receiving 1-fold dose * after each procedure.

* 1-fold portion - 0.1 or 0.2 g, taking into account the type of lesion.

Use Cefpoteka 200 during pregnancy

There is no information regarding the use of Cefpotek 200 during pregnancy. Because of this, during this period it is prescribed only in situations where the likely benefit to the woman is more expected than the risk of consequences for the fetus (especially at the early stage of pregnancy).

The drug is excreted in breast milk, so when it is used during lactation, breastfeeding is stopped.

Contraindications

It is contraindicated in case of intolerance associated with penicillins, cephalosporins, or other elements of the drug.

Side effects Cefpoteka 200

The main side signs are:

• systemic disorders: malaise, fever, fungal infections, chills, increased fatigue, and also back pain, asthenia, abscess, sternum pain (which can be transmitted to the lumbar region), facial or local swelling, generalized or local pain, signs of allergies, an increase in the number of resistant microbes and infections of a bacterial nature;
• CVS lesions: vasodilation, migraine, CHF, palpitations, decrease or increase in blood pressure and hematoma values;
• disorders of the digestive function: pain in the abdominal zone, flatulence, diarrhea, nausea, dyspepsia, feeling of fullness in the stomach, vomiting and tenesmus. In addition, anorexia, toothache, loss of appetite, dry oral mucous membranes, constipation, belching, thirst, candidal stomatitis, oral ulcers, gastritis and colitis of a pseudomembranous nature. A manifestation of enterocolitis can be bloody diarrhea. In case of persistent or severe diarrhea that occurs during therapy or after it, pseudomembranous colitis can be suspected;
• blood lesions: a decrease in hematocrit or hemoglobin, leukocytosis, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytosis and eosinophilia, and in addition lymphocytosis, neutro-, leuco-, thrombocyto- and lymphopenia. Also noted agranulocytosis, increased values of TB and PTV, as well as positive readings of the Coombs test;
• metabolic problems: gout, weight gain, dehydration and peripheral edema;
• disorders associated with musculoskeletal structure: myalgia;
• Disorders of the function of the National Assembly: hemorrhage, insomnia, dizziness, feeling of nervousness or anxiety, cephalalgia, sleep disorders, vertigo and headaches, as well as instability of gait, neurosis, paresthesia, changing dreams (strange dreams or nightmares) and confusion;
• lesions of the respiratory system: cough, pneumonia, sneezing, asthma, rhinitis, and suffocation, as well as nose bleeding, wheezing, pleural effusion, and bronchial spasm;
• epidermal disorders: skin redness, rash, rash, dermatitis, fungal origin, urticaria, rash vesicular-bullous or maculopapular character, and in addition, itching, epithelial desquamation, alopecia, dry epidermis, TEN, sunburn, erythema and poliformnaya SSD;
• problems with the work of the senses: eye irritation, loss of taste or its change and ear ringing or noise;
• immune disorders: symptoms of intolerance to all stages of severity, angioedema, arthralgia, anaphylactic signs, fever, serum sickness or purpura;
• lesions of the urogenital tract: metrorrhagia, proteinuria or hematuria, thrush, urinary duct infections, dysuria, increase in urinary creatinine and urea, as well as increased urination. There are few problems with the work of the kidneys (especially in the case of a combination of drugs with powerful diuretics or aminoglycosides);
• change in test results: an increase in bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and urea values, as well as an increase in the level of functional studies of ALT and AST in the liver or false-positive indications of the Coombs test;
• biochemical tests: hyponatremia, α-proteinemia or al -albuminemia, and in addition hypo-or hyperglycemia and hyperkalemia.

Overdose

Signs of poisoning include diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and nausea. In people with renal failure, intoxication can develop encephalopathy (this disorder is often treatable if the plasma values of cefpoxime are low).

There are sessions of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis, as well as symptomatic measures.

Interactions with other drugs

The combination of large portions of antacids (aluminum hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate) or substances that block the effect of H2 endings with Cefflow 200 reduces the absorption rate by 24–42%.

Ingested anticholinergic drugs increase the Tmax level of the drug by 47%, without changing the degree of its absorption.

Potentially, cephalosporins can enhance the anticoagulant effect of coumarins and weaken the contraceptive properties of estrogen.

Administration with cephalosporins can sometimes lead to the appearance of a positive Coombs test.

The level of bioavailability of the drug is reduced by approximately 30% if it is combined with drugs that neutralize the gastric pH or inhibit gastric secretion.

Cefpotek 200 should be consumed after 2-3 hours after the introduction of ranitidine.

The bioavailability of the drug increases in the case of its use with food.

If glucosuria is detected using copper recovery methods (tests of Fehling and Benedict), a false positive effect may develop, but cefpodoxime does not alter the readings of sugar tests inside urine using enzymatic methods.

The combination with a diuretic drug of a loopback nature may increase the nephrotoxic effect. It is necessary to closely monitor the work of the kidneys when using the drug along with substances with nephrotoxic activity.

Plasma drug values increase when combined with probenecid.

Storage conditions

Cefpotek 200 needs to be kept in the place closed from small children. Temperature marks - not above the border of 25 ° C.

Shelf life

Tsefpotek 200 can be used within a 2-year term from the date of sale of the medication.

Application for children

The drug is not used in children under the age of 12.

Analogs

Analogues of the drugs are Doccef, Cefodox, Auropodox with Tsepodem, Foxro, and Tsefma with Zedoxim and Cefpodoxime Proxetil.