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Cefotaxime sodium salt
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Cefotaxime sodium salt is an antimicrobial drug that is administered by parenteral administration and is included in the category of cephalosporins.
The drug has a powerful bactericidal effect and high activity of a relatively wide range of gram-negative and positive microbes. It is also resistant to the effects of β-lactamase. The principle of drug activity is based on its ability to destroy the processes of binding the main components of the cell wall of microbes.
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Indications Cefotaxim sodium salts
It is used when there are various locations of infectious lesions, the development of which is provoked by the activity of bacteria exposed to cefotaxime:
- respiratory tract infections: pulmonary abscess, pneumonia and bronchitis in the active or chronic phase;
- septicemia ;
- lesions of the urinary tract: pyelonephritis, nephritis of an active or chronic nature and cystitis;
- infections of subcutaneous tissues: peritonitis, erysipelas and dermatitis of the secondary degree of infection;
- diseases associated with joints and bones: osteomyelitis or septic arthritis;
- meningitis.
The drug is prescribed for the treatment of gonorrhea, without complications, and infections that are gynecological in nature.
Along with this, Cefotaxime sodium salt is used to prevent the occurrence of infectious-type complications when performing operations.
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Pharmacokinetics
When i / m injections plasma indicators Cmax of the active element are observed after half an hour.
Approximately 40% of the drug is involved in the synthesis with intraplasma proteins. Without complications, it passes inside biological fluids (CSF) and tissues. Cefotaxime is excreted in breast milk.
Excretion is mainly through the kidneys (unchanged state and metabolic components). The term half-life is 60-90 minutes.
Older people, but also in case of problems with renal function, prolongation of the term half-life is observed. For newborns, the indicated period is 90 minutes, and for premature babies it reaches 6.5 hours.
Dosing and administration
The drug is administered to patients by intramuscular injection. Before starting treatment therapy, an intradermal test for personal tolerance of the drug must be performed.
The lyophilisate from the bottle is diluted with injection water or 1% lidocaine solution (4 ml). The injection is made intramuscularly, deep into the area of the outer upper quadrant of the big muscle of the buttock. The duration of the therapy cycle is selected by the attending doctor, each patient individually.
For children weighing more than 50 kg and adults, in the case of moderate infectious lesions and infections of the urethral organs, it is often necessary to administer 1 g of the drug 2 times a day at regular time intervals.
For children and adults whose weight is less than 50 kg, during severe stages of infection, 1–4 g of the drug is usually administered 3-4 times per day (with equal time intervals).
For children and adults weighing more than 50 kg, to prevent the development of complications of an infectious nature after surgery, 1 g of the drug is used 1 time before the surgical procedure. If Cefotaxime is needed, the sodium salt can be reintroduced after 6–12 hours after the procedure.
An adult with uncomplicated gonorrhea requires the administration of 1 g of substance 1-fold.
Per day, children weighing more than 50 kg and adults can enter a maximum of 12 g of cefotaxime.
For children whose weight is less than 50 kg, the daily portion is selected taking into account the intensity of the pathology and the weight of the child. Basically 50-150 mg / kg is used per day; in case of severe infections, the daily dosage is increased to 0.2 g / kg. The daily portion should be divided into 2-4 injections performed at equal time intervals.
Persons with liver insufficiency in a severe degree and a CC level of 750 μmol / L should reduce the dose of drugs by half.
With the need to use the drug for a period exceeding 10 days, you need to monitor blood parameters.
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Use Cefotaxim sodium salts during pregnancy
The drug should not be used during pregnancy, because there is no reliable information regarding the safety of the active element for the fetus.
When the need for the introduction of medication during HB is necessary for the period of therapy to abandon breastfeeding.
Side effects Cefotaxim sodium salts
Among the adverse events:
- lesions of the liver and gastrointestinal tract: pain in the epigastric zone, indigestion and stool disorder, nausea, bloating, increased activity of liver enzymes and vomiting. Along with this, there may be a change in the intestinal microflora or the development of glossitis, stomatitis, colitis of a pseudomembranous nature;
- disorders of hematopoietic activity: thrombocyto-, leuco-, neutro- or granulocytopenia, hypocoagulation and anemia (also its hemolytic form);
- problems with the work of the central nervous system: dizziness, fatigue and headaches;
- allergy symptoms: bronchial spasm, pruritus, TEN, epidermal rashes, SSD, urticaria, anaphylaxis and angioedema;
- other: irritation, pain and infiltration in the area of the injection, and in addition the occurrence of superinfection.
In addition, individual patients recorded the appearance of nephrotoxic effects of drugs.
The use of the medication may lead to changes in the Coombs test and sugar values in the urine.
If negative signs appear, you should consult with your doctor. When a colitis of pseudomembranous nature occurs, the medicine is canceled and the required therapeutic procedures are carried out.
Overdose
The introduction of too large portions of the drug leads to the appearance of convulsions affecting the limbs of tremor, encephalopathy, and severe psychomotor excitability.
There is no antidote; the necessary symptomatic procedures are performed.
Interactions with other drugs
Do not mix the drug with other antimicrobial substances inside a single dropper or syringe. Also, the drug is incompatible with ethanol.
Combined administration of Cefotaxime sodium salt with loop diuretic, aminoglycosides, as well as polymyxin B leads to an increased likelihood of nephrotoxic activity.
The combination of drugs and antiplatelet substances or NSAIDs increases the risk of bleeding.
Medicines that weaken the secretion of tubules, when combined with drugs, lead to an increase in cefotaxime inside the plasma.
Storage conditions
Cefotaxime sodium salt should be stored in a dark and dry place inaccessible to small children. The temperature level is within the range of 15-25 ° C.
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Shelf life
Cefotaxime sodium salt can be used for a 2-year term from the date of release of the drug.
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Attention!
To simplify the perception of information, this instruction for use of the drug "Cefotaxime sodium salt" translated and presented in a special form on the basis of the official instructions for medical use of the drug. Before use read the annotation that came directly to medicines.
Description provided for informational purposes and is not a guide to self-healing. The need for this drug, the purpose of the treatment regimen, methods and dose of the drug is determined solely by the attending physician. Self-medication is dangerous for your health.