Caposide

Capozide is a drug with antihypertensive and diuretic properties.

Indications Caposida

It is used to reduce excessively high blood pressure.

Release form

The substance is released in tablets, 15 pieces each, packed in blister strips. The pack contains 2 such strips.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug's component, hydrochlorothiazide, is a thiazide-type diuretic with a moderate effect. This component can reduce the reabsorption of sodium ions inside the cortical segment in the Henle loop. In addition, the drug reduces blood pressure by changing the reactivity of vascular walls, reducing the pressor effect of vasoconstrictor elements (such as epinephrine with norepinephrine), and potentiating the depressor effects on autonomic ganglia. The drug does not affect acid-base parameters.

The component captopril is an ACE inhibitor that helps reduce the secretion of aldosterone and the volumes of its formation from angiotensin 1 and 2. It has a potentiating effect on coronary and renal circulation, and at the same time reduces post- and preload, and also reduces blood pressure. This substance has a more pronounced vasodilating effect on arteries than veins.

Long-term use of the drug leads to a decrease in platelet aggregation, an increase in the blood supply to ischemic areas of the myocardium, and in addition, it weakens the intensity of hypertrophy of arterial membranes and myocardium, which has a resistive nature.

Dosing and administration

Capozide should be taken according to the following scheme: 1 tablet, orally, 1 time per day. This procedure should be performed 60 minutes before eating.

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Use Caposida during pregnancy

It is prohibited to prescribe Capozide to lactating or pregnant women.

Contraindications

Among the contraindications:

• the presence of intolerance to the constituent components of the drug, sulfonamide derivatives, as well as thiazide diuretics;
• tachycardia;
• Conn's syndrome;
• severe renal dysfunction;
• severe liver dysfunction (pre-coma or hepatic coma);
• decreased blood pressure values;
• cardiogenic shock;
• CHF;
• use in people who have recently had a kidney transplant;
• arterial stenosis of a single kidney or a bilateral form of the disease;
• hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of obstructive nature;
• mitral or aortic stenosis;
• Quincke's edema (history; disease caused by the use of ACE inhibitors).

Caution is required when using the drug in the following situations:

• combination with GCS, procainamide, lithium agents, cytostatics, as well as immunosuppressants or allopurinol;
• elderly people (over 65 years of age);
• scleroderma, nodular periarteritis, and SLE;
• gout, hypokalemia, -volemia or -natremia, as well as hypercalcemia, collagenoses or proteinuria;
• problems with kidney function of a moderate nature.

Side effects Caposida

Taking the medication may cause some side effects:

• metabolic disorders: hypermagnesemia, uricemia, lipidemia, and glycemia;
• problems with urination: glucosuria, proteinuria, pollakiuria, and also polyuria or oliguria. Hyponatremia or an increase in serum creatinine, potassium ions and urea are occasionally observed. Long-term use can lead to renal dysfunction or nephritis;
• disorders in the functioning of the hematopoietic system: increased titer of antinuclear antibodies, leukopenia, neutro- or thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, decreased hematocrit levels and anemia (may be aplastic or hemolytic);
• lesions affecting the activity of the PNS or CNS: tremor, dizziness, seizures, paresthesia, as well as tinnitus, visual disturbances, depression and ataxia. A feeling of drowsiness, weakness, fatigue or depression, sleep disorders and headaches may also occur;
• digestive disorders: hepatitis, hyperbilirubinemia, increased liver transaminase activity, acute cholecystitis and cholestatic jaundice. In addition, hemorrhagic pancreatitis, abdominal pain, constipation, loss of appetite, epigastric discomfort, vomiting, diarrhea or nausea may occur. Long-term use causes gingival hyperplasia or taste disorder;
• dermatological lesions: exfoliative dermatitis, TEN, erythema multiforme, rashes on the epidermis (exanthema) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. In the form of such epidermal changes, joint or muscle pain, vasculitis, and an increase in temperature may be observed. Rarely, alopecia, onycholysis, psoriasis-like skin reactions and photosensitivity are observed;
• allergic manifestations: Quincke's edema in the larynx, lips, tongue or pharynx, as well as mucous membranes, extremities and face. Hives occasionally appear;
• respiratory disorders: sinusitis, dry cough, laryngitis, respiratory failure, runny nose and bronchospasm;
• EBV indicator disorders: dry mouth mucosa, thirst. Occasionally, tear secretion decreases;
• problems with the functioning of the cardiovascular system: a marked decrease in blood pressure, accompanied by dizziness and a feeling of weakness. In addition, swelling in the shins, a feeling of heat, headaches, a feeling of heart rhythm, flushes of blood to the face and tachycardia;
• other symptoms: impotence and progression of existing myopia.

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Overdose

Poisoning with the drug leads to potentiation of negative manifestations. Symptomatic measures are taken to eliminate them.

Interactions with other drugs

Methenamine sometimes leads to a weakening of the therapeutic properties of hydrochlorothiazide by increasing the alkaline response of urine.

Combination with potassium-sparing diuretics (for example, amiloride, spironolactone, and triateren), heparin, and potassium salts leads to the development of hyperkalemia.

Colestyramine with colestipol hydrochloride slows down and reduces the extent of absorption of hydrochlorothiazide.

Combination with methyldopa causes the development of erythrocyte hemolysis.

When combined with diazoxide, the drug enhances the hyperuricemic, hypotensive and hyperglycemic properties of hydrochlorothiazide.

Concomitant use with drugs that inhibit COX activity, indomethacin, and table salt reduces the hypotensive effect of the drug and also weakens the absorption of hydrochlorothiazide.

Combination with drugs that have intensive protein synthesis leads to potentiation of the diuretic effect.

Lithium agents inhibit the excretion of lithium ions, which leads to the potentiation of their damaging effects on the heart and central nervous system.

Use together with sleeping pills, ethyl alcohol, tricyclics, MAOIs, ganglionic blockers, as well as verapamil, β-blockers, nitrates, and thiazide diuretics, potentiates the antihypertensive effect of the drug.

Hydrochlorothiazide potentiates the effects of drugs used in surgical operations that initiate anesthesia and anaesthesia (including gallamine triethiodide and tubocurarine chloride).

The hepatic metabolism of captopril is slowed down when combined with cimetidine, resulting in increased plasma levels of captopril.

Capozide potentiates the negative effects of SG, especially when combined with carbenoxolone, salicylates, as well as laxatives, penicillin G, diuretics, adrenal cortex hormones and amphotericin B.

The drug reduces the effectiveness of epinephrine, anti-gout drugs, oral antidiabetic drugs and norepinephrine, and also reduces the excretion of quinidine.

The drug increases digoxin levels in blood plasma by 20% and also increases the bioavailability of propranolol.

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Storage conditions

Capozide can be kept in a place protected from moisture at temperatures no higher than 25°C.

Shelf life

Capozide is allowed to be used within 36 months from the date of release of the therapeutic agent.

Application for children

The medicine is not used in pediatrics (children under 18 years of age).

Analogues

The analogs of the drug are Capotiazid, NormoPres, and Captopril-Darnitsa.

Reviews

Capozide receives quite good reviews - patients note that it has high medicinal efficacy and quite rarely causes the development of negative symptoms, even with prolonged use.