Bigaflon

Bigaflon is a systemic antibacterial drug.

Indications Bigaflon

It is used for diseases that have infectious and inflammatory genesis and are provoked by the action of bacteria that are sensitive to the drug:

• lesions affecting the throat, ears, respiratory ducts, epidermis with soft tissues, and in addition the kidneys, peritoneal organs and urinary tract;
• gynecological infections;
• gonorrhea, dysentery, osteomyelitis, salmonellosis, and in addition septicemia and tuberculosis.

It is also used for prophylaxis before surgical procedures and for the postoperative treatment of surgical infections in individuals with a weakened immune system.

Release form

The release of a substance is made in the form of an infusion 0.4% liquid in bottles with a volume of 0.05, 0.1, or 0.2 l. It can also be released in bags with a capacity of 0.1 or 0.2 liters.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug effect develops by slowing the activity of topoisomerase IV, along with DNA-girase.

Gatifloxacin, which is 8-methoxyfluoroquinolone, has an antibacterial effect on a large range of microbes (gram-positive and -negative).

Sensitivity to drugs shows:

• Gram-positive bacteria: pneumococci with Staphylococcus aureus and pyogenic streptococci;
• Gram-negative microbes: Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Influenza sticks (among which are strains producing β-lactamase), Enterobacter cloaca, Haemophilias paralinfluenzae, Moraksella Cataralis (with strains producing β-lactamase, Race patterns, and gymnastics; β-lactamase);
• causative agents of atypical nature: ureaplasma, chlamydophilus pneumonia with mycoplasma pneumonia, and in addition C.trachomatis and legionella pneumophilia.

Such bacteria have moderate sensitivity:

• microbes of the gram-positive subtype: streptococcus agalactia, Streptococcus milieri, Str.mitior, epidermal staphylococci (including methicillin strains) and Streptococcus dysgalactiae. In addition, hemolytic staphylococcus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus cohnii, saprophytic staphylococci, Koch sticks and Staphylococcus simulans with diphtheria corynebacterium;
• Gram-negative bacteria: Klebsiella oxytoc, Proteus Mirabilis, Rettger's Providence, Morgan's bacteria, Stewart's Providence, and besides Enterobacter agglomerans, common Proteus with enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter sakazaki, whooping cough, and Enterobacter-echoacterus, Enterobacter sakazaki, wand, and Enterobacter chromium, wand and enterobacter’s
• anaerobes: fusobacteria, Bacteroides distasonis, bacteroids fragilis, Bacteroides ovatus, Porphyromonas spp. And the Bacteroides eggerthii, Porphyromonas anaerobius together with Bacteroides uniformis, Porphyromonas asaccharolyticus with Prevotella, Porphyromonas magnus, Clostridium Perringens with propionibacteria and Clostridium ramosum;
• atypical pathogenic microbes: legionella pneumophilus and Coxiella burnettii.

Helicobacter pylori and tuberculous mycobacteria demonstrate sensitivity with gatifloxacin.

The antibacterial properties of gatifloxacin are developed by suppressing topoisomerase IV, as well as DNA gyrase. The latter is an important enzyme involved in microbial DNA replication. At the same time, topoisomerase IV is an enzyme that is an important participant in the processes of separation of DNA-chromosomes during the division of a microbial cell.

Pharmacokinetics

Gatifloxacin has a good absorption rate inside the gastrointestinal tract after it is ingested. The absolute values of the bioavailability of the element - 96%. Plasma level Cmax is recorded after 60-120 minutes after the introduction of the drug.

Protein synthesis that takes place inside the blood plasma is 20%.

Gatifloxacin has a good ability to penetrate into the tissues of the body. Further, it is distributed at high speed inside various biological fluids: large indicators are noted inside the bronchial mucosa with lung tissues, paranasal sinuses, and in addition inside the alveolar macrophages, epidermis, secretions and prostate tissues. Also found inside the tissues of the middle ear, bile with saliva, seminal fluid, ovaries with the uterus, vagina, and at the same time inside the fallopian tubes myo-and endometrium.

The substance undergoes metabolic processes inside the body.

Gatifloxacin excretion occurs through the kidneys. Half-life period - within 7-14 hours; it is not determined by the mode of use and the size of the portion of the drug.

Studies involving animals have shown that gatifloxacin passes through the placenta without complications and is also excreted with mother's milk.

Dosing and administration

Bigaflon is applied in portions of 0.4 g 1-fold per day (if the KK indicators are> 40 ml / minute).

With exacerbated bronchitis of a chronic nature, the use of 0.4 g (0.1 l) of the substance is required, 1 times a day for 7-10 days.

Acute stages of sinusitis are treated with the use of 0.4 g (0.1 l) of the drug 1-fold per day for 10 days.

In the case of a non-hospital form of pneumonia, administration of 0.4 g (0.1 l) of the drug is required 1-2 times per day for 1-2 weeks.

During lesions of the urethra (without complications), apply one-time 0.4 g of the drug (or 0.2 g of the substance in the period of 3 days). If the violation proceeds with complications, it is required to inject 0.4 g of the substance once a day (for 7-10 days).

To eliminate the lesions affecting the epidermis with soft tissues, 0.2 g of drug is injected for 5-7 days.

Therapy for tuberculosis (taking into account the severity and form of the pathology) includes the use of 0.8 g of the drug 1 times a day.

Because gatifloxacin is mainly excreted through the kidneys, people with QC levels <40 ml / minute, as well as people staying on extended outpatient peritoneal hemodialysis, it is necessary to adjust the dose of the drug.

The scheme has the following form - the size of the initial dosage is 0.4 g per day; then apply every day to 0.2 g per day.

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Use Bigaflon during pregnancy

The lack of the required amount of clinical information regarding the use of Bigaflon during breastfeeding or pregnancy requires caution in the event of such an appointment - it should be used only in situations where the likely help to a woman is more expected than the risk of negative consequences for the fetus.

Contraindications

Main contraindications:

• strong sensitivity to the drug and other quinolones;
• because the introduction of a drug can lead to prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG, it is necessary to avoid its use in people with such ECG symptoms (due to the lack of the necessary amount of clinical information);
• myocardial ischemia;
• bradycardia, which is pronounced.

It is necessary to use the drug very carefully in people with diseases associated with the central nervous system, and in addition with severe vascular atherosclerosis in the brain. This is due to the fact that the drug causes an increase in ICP, which can cause a psychosis in a patient.

Side effects Bigaflon

The use of the drug may cause the occurrence of some adverse events:

• disorders affecting the digestive tract: sometimes there is diarrhea, nausea with vomiting, hyperbilirubinemia and colitis of a pseudomembranous nature;
• disorders affecting the function of the central nervous system: a feeling of fatigue, general depression or anxiety, and besides psychosis, headaches, motor agitation, dizziness and sleep disorder;
• allergic lesions: itching, facial swelling or swelling in the vocal cords, as well as photosensitivity and rashes;
• problems with hematopoietic activity: thrombocyto- or leukopenia, eosinophilia and agranulocytosis, and also an increase in AST or ALT values;
• lesions affecting urination: nephrotic syndrome. In addition, there may sometimes be a failure of the renal function in the acute stage;
• other symptoms: arthralgia, tachycardia, myalgia, and with it a decrease in blood pressure and visual disturbance.

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Overdose

Signs of Bigaflon poisoning include vomiting, motor agitation, tachycardia, nausea and headaches.

In case of acute intoxication, it is required to stop the introduction of the drug and carry out the necessary hydration; ECG monitoring is also performed. In addition, symptomatic events are held.

Interactions with other drugs

Do not use the medicine while using antiarrhythmic drugs.

The introduction of the drug along with digoxin causes an increase in serum indicators of the latter.

The use of Bigaflon potentiates the properties of anticoagulants with indirect type of influence.

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Storage conditions

Bigaflon is required to keep in a place inaccessible for the penetration of small children. Do not freeze the drug. Temperature - not above 25 ° С. In the light, the medicinal substance may contain a maximum of 3 days.

Shelf life

Bigaflon allowed to apply within 24 months from the date of manufacture of pharmaceutical agents.

Application for children

Because the introduction of drugs causes the development of arthropathy, as well as chondropathy, it is not used in pediatrics (persons under 18 years of age).

Analogs

Analogs of the drug are such medicines as Gafloks with Gatimak, Gatifloxacin and Ozerlik, and besides this Gatispan with Gatilin and Gaaticin-H.