Betakor

Betakor is a drug that selectively blocks the activity of β-adrenergic receptors.

Indications Betakora

It is used to reduce elevated blood pressure. Also used to prevent attacks of angina pectoris.

Release form

Release of the medicine is done in tablets. The blister plate contains 10 tablets of the preparation; Inside the box there are 3 such plates.

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Pharmacodynamics

Among the medicinal properties that are noted in Betaxolol:

• β-adrenoblocking effect of cardioselective nature;
• absence of its own sympathomimetic influence (does not have a partial agonistic effect);
• weak membrane-stabilizing effect (similar to quinidine or local anesthetics) when used in concentrations that exceed the size of standard medicinal portions.

Pharmacokinetics

Suction.

The drug is absorbed completely and at high speed after oral administration. The effect of the 1st liver transit is extremely weak, and the bioavailability of the substance is about 85%, so that its values inside the blood plasma in different people or in one patient with prolonged drug use differ insignificantly. The element of betaxolol is synthesized with a blood protein within the plasma by approximately 50%.

Exchange processes.

The indicator of the distribution volume is approximately 6 l / kg. Inside the body, most betaxolol is transformed into inactive decay products, and only 10-15% of this element is determined inside the urine in the unchanged state. Elimination mainly proceeds through the kidneys.

Excretion.

The half-life of the active element is about 15-20 hours.

Dosing and administration

The size of the standard dosage to reduce the elevated blood pressure level or prevent the development of angina pectoris is 1 tablet (20 mg) per day.

Serving size for people with renal function deficiency.

Together with the weakening of renal activity, the clearance factor of betaxolol also decreases. Therefore, the portion of the drug needs to be adapted to the patient's renal activity: at a CC level of 20 ml / minute, dosage adjustment is not necessary.

But at the same time it is necessary to perform a clinical examination, starting from the first week of therapy, until the equilibrium value of the drug inside the blood is reached (this requires an average of 4 days).

People with severe renal failure (CC values <20 ml / minute) should be treated with 10 mg / day (schedule of dialysis sessions and their frequency in people who undergo hemodialysis do not matter).

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Use Betakora during pregnancy

Teratogenic influence.

At the moment there is no information about the development of teratogenic symptoms in humans or about the appearance of congenital anomalies in the fetus.

Neonatal influence.

If the pregnant woman was taking Betacor, the effect of the beta-adrenoblocker would continue to persist in the newborn for several days after it was born. Although this residual symptom may not be the cause of the development of clinical complications, the likelihood of heart failure still persists. When such a violation occurs, it is required to send a newborn to intensive care, and in addition to not using plasma substitutes (because there is a probability of pulmonary edema in acute form).

In addition, there are data on the occurrence of hypoglycemia, bradycardia and RDSN. Because of this, you need to carefully monitor the condition of the newborn, while keeping it in specialized conditions (during the first 3-5 days of life it is required to monitor blood glucose and heart rate).

Because of all the above factors, use of betaxolol during pregnancy is prohibited. The exception is only those cases when the probable help from reception of a medicine is more high, than the risk of occurrence of complications at a fetus.

Lactation period.

It was revealed that β-adrenoblockers are able to excrete with mother's milk. Breastfeeding during therapy with Betacor should be discontinued, because the likelihood of bradycardia or hypoglycemia in newborns has not yet been investigated.

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• bronchial asthma in a severe degree, as well as pulmonary pathologies of a chronic nature, having an obstructive form;
• cardiogenic shock;
• heart failure, not controlled by therapy;
• having a 2-3 degree of severity of AV blockade;
• bradycardia (heart rate is <45-50 beats / minute);
• spontaneous angina (monotherapy can not be used if the patient has a typical or isolated form of the disease);
• problems with the operation of the sinus node (this includes the sinoatrial blockade);
• Raynaud's disease, which has a severe degree of severity (or other disorders of peripheral blood flow function);
• pheochromocytoma not treated;
• decreased values of blood pressure;
• intolerance to betaxolol;
• the presence in the anamnesis of anaphylactic signs;
• metabolic form of acidosis.

It is impossible to combine Betacor with such agents as sultopride and floktaphenin. Also, the combination of the drug with diltiazem, verapamil, and in addition amiodarone and bepridilom.

Since the drug contains lactose, it is not prescribed to people with congenital galactosemia, hypolactasia, or glucose-galactose malabsorption.

Side effects Betakora

Taking medication can cause some side-effects:

• disorders affecting the subcutaneous layer and epidermis: skin manifestations, among which exacerbation of psoriasis or the appearance of psoriasis-like rashes. Also, itching, hives, or hyperhidrosis may occur;
• disturbances in the work of the National Assembly: headaches or dizziness, lethargic state and paresthesia of distal character;
• problems affecting the function of visual organs: dry eye mucous, disorder of visual acuity;
• mental disorders: the appearance of a feeling of fatigue, the development of insomnia or asthenia. The appearance of nightmares, depression, hallucinations, feelings of confusion;
• disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: disorders in the gastrointestinal tract (such as diarrhea, abdominal pain and vomiting with nausea);
• nutritional disorders and disorders of metabolic processes: the development of hyper- or hypoglycemia, as well as bradycardia (possibly in a severe degree). There may be inhibition of AV-conduction or potentiation of the existing AV-blockade, and in addition lowering the level of blood pressure and heart failure;
• symptoms affecting the vasculature: increased intermittent claudication or Raynaud's disease. Coldness of the limbs can also be noted;
• problems with the function of the respiratory organs and the sternum with mediastinum: the appearance of dyspnea or spasms of the bronchi;
• disorders of reproductive activity: development of impotence;
• changes in laboratory data: Occasionally, the emergence of antinuclear antibodies, isolated with clinical symptoms such as SLE, disappearing after the abolition of therapy.

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Overdose

Signs of poisoning by Betacor: a bradycardia or a very strong drop in blood pressure. With such symptoms, several drugs should be administered to the patient:

• intravenous injection of 1-2 mg of atropine;
• introduction of 1 mg glucagon (repeat this injection, if necessary);
• if you need to perform infusion (at a slow speed) 25 μg of substance isoprenaline or inject a dose of dobutamine, 2.5-10 μg / kg / minute.

If a newborn, whose mother used β-adrenoblockers during pregnancy, developed cardiac decompensation, the following procedures are required:

• administration of 0.3 mg / kg of glucagon;
• Intensive care;
• the use of dobutamine with isoprenaline: often in fairly large portions and for a long time. Procedures are performed under the supervision of a physician.

Interactions with other drugs

The drug potentiates the effects of other antihypertensive drugs. When it is combined with antihypertensive drugs that have a central type of therapeutic effect (such as methyldopa and clonidine with moxonidine and so on), you should refrain from abruptly stopping the use of the latter, because this can lead to a significant increase in blood pressure values.

When combined with diltiazem, reserpine, SG, amiodarone, and also quinidine, verapamil and methyldopa, the risk of cardiac automatism, contractility, and conduction disorders increases.

Combination with calcium antagonists dihydropyridine series (especially in people with latent heart failure) increases the likelihood of lowering blood pressure and cardiac decompensation, which is why it is recommended to abandon intravenous injections of antiarrhythmic drugs and calcium antagonists in therapy with Betacor.

Estrogens, antacids, NSAIDs, enveloping drugs and GCS reduce the antihypertensive effect of the drug, and tricyclics, on the contrary, increase it (orthostatic collapse may develop).

The medication enhances the medicinal properties of muscle relaxants of the nondepolarizing type, and in addition it slows the liver metabolism of lidocaine.

Phenothiazines with cimetidine increase the performance of the element of betaxolol within the blood plasma.

With a decrease in blood pressure and the development of anaphylactic signs that are caused by the use of contrast agents containing iodine, drugs that block the activity of β-adrenoreceptors reduce the severity of compensatory symptoms on the part of the CCC.

It is forbidden to combine Betacor with MAOI, because this leads to a significant increase in antihypertensive effects.

Allergens or their extracts, which are used for skin tests, increase the likelihood of severe common symptoms or anaphylaxis in people who use Betacor.

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Storage conditions

Betacor is required to be kept in a place that is closed from the infiltration of children. The temperature is not more than 25 ° C.

Shelf life

Betakor is allowed to be used within 4 years from the date of manufacture of the therapeutic agent.

Application for children

There is no data on therapeutic efficacy and safety of use of drugs in children, because of what it can not be assigned to them.

Analogues

The analogues of the drug are preparations Enziks duo, Atenolol and Kaptopres with Panavital and Metoprolol, and in addition Corvitol with Bisoprol and Kordaflex with Biprol.

Reviews

Betakor receives basically good reviews from patients. After passing the drug course, appointed by the doctor, many patients note the stabilization of pressure indicators.