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Azitro Sandoz
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Azitro Sandoz is an antibiotic from the category of macrolides. Its active element is azalidum azithromycin, which has an antimicrobial effect on most bacteria.
[1]
Indications of the azitro Sandoz
It is used to eliminate diseases of infectious origin:
- bronchitis with otitis, tonsillitis with sinusitis and pharyngitis, and in addition pulmonary inflammation (in moderate or mild degree);
- impetigo, piodermatosis of secondary nature and erysipelas;
- diseases affecting the genito-urinary tract (caused by the activity of chlamydia);
- pathology in the area of skin and soft tissues.
[2]
Release form
The release is made in tablets (adults), and in addition in the form of powder for suspensions (for children).
Suspension is contained in glass bottles with a capacity of 20 ml. Inside the box - 1 bottle of powder and a measuring syringe.
The tablets are contained in blister packs. The number of tablets is determined by the size of their dosage: 0.25 g - 6 pieces; for 0.5 g - 3 pieces. Inside the pack - 1 blister plate.
[3]
Pharmacodynamics
The active element of the drug slows the processes of protein binding of bacteria, preventing the translocation of peptides, and in addition, synthesized with a special unit of ribosomes - an element of 50S. It should be noted that in this case the preparation does not affect the binding of polynucleotides and does not possess bacteriostatic properties.
There may be a development of resistance against drugs. Allocate both congenital and acquired type of resistance. Complete cross-resistance is observed between erythromycin and azithromycin. Sensitivity to the drug is streptococci with staphylococci, aerobes (such as Neisseria with moraxelli) and anaerobes (such as clostridia with fusobacteria), and in addition chlamydia, legionella and mycoplasma.
Congenital resistance is noted in staphylococcus types of MRSE, as well as MRSA, epidermal and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus, and also in Enterococcus, Klebsiella and Escherichia coli.
Pharmacokinetics
When using the drug per os, the bioavailability level reaches 37%. After 2-3 hours, the peak value of the drug is noted. After ingestion, the active element quickly passes into the tissues with liquids, having a uniform distribution. The active substance of the drug is able to pass into the skin, organs and tissues of the urinary tract, soft tissues and the respiratory system.
There is a cumulation of azithromycin inside cells, which is why its level inside the tissues is above the plasma values by almost 50 times. This indicates a high affinity of the drug to the tissues, and also demonstrates that the antibiotic has poor protein synthesis inside the plasma.
When using 0.5 g Azitro Sandoz, the indicator of the active element inside the lungs, the prostate, as well as the oropharynx and other target organs is higher than the MIC90 for the pathogenic flora. The active component can accumulate inside the phagocytes with large fibroblasts. Phagocytes help the movement of azithromycin into the area of the inflammatory focus.
Bactericidal parameters of drugs remain on the site of inflammation within the target organs for 5-7 days after the last dose, which allows using azithromycin with short courses, no more than 3-5 days.
12% of unchanged substance is excreted from the body for 3 days - through urine and kidneys. The highest values of unchanged azithromycin are found inside the bile. The processes of demethylation, hydroxylation, as well as other metabolic reactions, form 10 metabolic products that do not have an antimicrobial effect.
Dosing and administration
Use of tablets.
Use the drug orally, once a day, washing down the pill with plain water. Admission is recommended to be performed 60 minutes before meals or 120 minutes after - in connection with the fact that food interferes with the full absorption of the active element.
To eliminate infections affecting the ENT system, the skin, respiratory organs and soft tissues: a single dose per day of 0.5 g of medicinal products for 3 days. Another treatment regimen can also be used: on the first day, use 0.5 g of the drug, and then (for 4 more days) drink the drug in a dosage of 0.25 g. For the entire course, in general, 1.5 g of the active ingredient should be taken.
To cure erythema migratory nature, it takes 5 days for 0.5 grams of medication (or according to the scheme - on the 1st day of 1 g, and in the next 4 - 0.5 g).
When eliminating chlamydia and other infections in the urogenital area: a one-time use of the 1st g of the drug.
In renal diseases and problems with kidney function (diagnosed increase in QC values above 40-ml / minute), changes in the treatment regimen are not required. If hepatic insufficiency is noted, the use of the drug should be abandoned, because it is exposed to the metabolic processes in the liver, and some of its metabolic products are excreted with bile.
Use of the suspension.
It is required to shake the bottle with powder thoroughly, then pour into it ordinary water (10 ml), and then shake until the powder turns into a homogeneous mixture. When adding water to the interior of the bottle, use the supplied adapter. Shake the flask before each new use. To obtain the required dosage, the nozzle of the dosage syringe should be placed inside the adapter.
During the recruitment of the suspension, turn the bottle upside down, and then tightly seal the lid. Drink the medicine with simple water or juice. It is allowed to use the suspension without orientation to food intake. The treatment regimen is similar to the Azitro sandoza tablets: taking 0.5 g for 3 days.
With urethritis or cervicitis (uncomplicated flow): take a one-time 1 g of medication. If there are complications of the disease, it is required to take 1 g of the drug in the 1 st, 7 th, and 14 th days of the course. The total amount of antibiotic for the course is 3 g.
The drug in forms 100 and 200 is used to treat children. The daily portion should be calculated in a ratio of 10 mg / kg. The duration of this course is 3 days.
There is also another treatment regimen: the use on the first day of the dosage, which is determined from the calculation of 10 mg / kg, and then, during the next 4 days, apply a dose, determined from the calculation of 5 mg / kg.
During the elimination of pharyngitis, which develops due to the action of pyogenic streptococcus, it is necessary to select a treatment regimen individually.
Use of the azitro Sandoz during pregnancy
Azitro Sandoz does not have teratogenic and embryotoxic effects, but the active element of the drug can penetrate the placenta, which can affect the fetus.
For the duration of therapy, you must stop breastfeeding.
Contraindications
Among the contraindications:
- disturbance of electrolyte balance;
- the presence of intolerance in relation to the medicament;
- hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia;
- hypersensitivity to macrolides;
- hepatic pathology in a pronounced degree;
- heart failure in severe degree;
- bradycardia or arrhythmia;
- infants less than half a year old.
[10],
Side effects of the azitro Sandoz
Use of the medicine may cause the development of the following side effects:
- immune manifestations, lesions of blood flow and lymph: development of anaphylaxis, hemolytic form of anemia, and in addition thrombocytopenia;
- disorders of the digestive function: the appearance of diarrhea syndrome, spasms, bloating, pain in the epigastrium. Development of intrahepatic cholestasis, constipation, hepatic necrosis (occasionally), vomiting, hepatitis and colitis pseudomembranous. There is also an increase in bilirubin, dyspepsia and a change in the shade of the teeth with the tongue;
- lesions of the National Assembly: the appearance of a feeling of drowsiness, intense agitation, aggression and nervousness, and in addition headaches, depressive mood, paresthesias, hyperactivity. Also the development of delirium or fainting, and in addition a disorder of taste buds;
- disorders of CCC function: ventricular tachycardia, increased heart rate and the appearance of pain behind the sternum;
- Other symptoms: auditory disorders (sometimes deafness develops), the appearance of urticaria, itching or rash on the skin, asthenia, erythema multiforme, angioedema, arthralgia or tubulointerstitial nephritis.
[11]
Overdose
The use of excessive doses of medication can cause hearing loss (this violation is reversible). Often there is a development of vomiting, diarrhea syndrome or dyspeptic symptoms.
Azitro Sandoz has no antidote. It is required to perform timely treatment procedures: gastric lavage, the appointment of enterosorbents, as well as conduction of post-syndrome therapy.
[15]
Interactions with other drugs
Antacids, ethyl alcohol and food interfere with the absorption of azithromycin, which is why taking the drug should be either 60 minutes before eating, or 120 minutes after it.
Lincosamides weaken the severity of the effect of drugs, and the opposite effect is noted in the case of combination with tetracycline or chloramphenicol.
The drug can alter the pharmacokinetic parameters of atorvastatin, didanosine with theophylline, carbamazepine with sildenafil and fluconazole, zidovudine and cetirizine with rifabutin and indinavir sulfate, and in addition midazolam and co-trimoxazole.
Efavirenz with fluconazole has a weak effect on the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. It is required to track the rates of cyclosporine with phenytoin inside the blood, if you want to take them along with Azitro Sandoz.
When combined with the drug, potentiation of the toxic properties of ergot alkaloids is observed (development of vasospasm and dysesthesia is noted).
The drug may increase the values of digoxin inside the blood, which can lead to the development of side effects.
Nelfinavir increases the peak values and AUC level of the drug, which can affect the function of the auditory organs and the liver.
When combined with warfarin, hemorrhagia can occur, so you need to closely monitor the PV values.
The drug has a drug incompatibility with heparin.
Reviews
Azitro Sandoz has good tolerability. Among the side symptoms, patients most often note the appearance of nausea, constipation, epigastric discomfort and dry mouth mucosa. To preserve your own intestinal microflora, it is recommended to combine prebiotics with eubiotics.
Reviews show that the drug quickly enough eliminates sinusitis with pharyngitis, as well as other infections.
Attention!
To simplify the perception of information, this instruction for use of the drug "Azitro Sandoz" translated and presented in a special form on the basis of the official instructions for medical use of the drug. Before use read the annotation that came directly to medicines.
Description provided for informational purposes and is not a guide to self-healing. The need for this drug, the purpose of the treatment regimen, methods and dose of the drug is determined solely by the attending physician. Self-medication is dangerous for your health.