Sensory system and skin

External auditory canal

The external ear canal (meatus acusticus externus), open from the outside, ends blindly in the interior, separating from the middle ear cavity by the tympanic membrane.

Auricle

The auricula is based on a complex form of elastic cartilage (cartilago auriculae), covered with a densely attached skin to the cartilage. There is no cartilage in the lower part of the auricle.

Outer ear

The outer ear (auris externa) includes the auricle and the external auditory meatus, which form a kind of funnel for catching sounds and directing the sound wave to the eardrum.

Lacrimal gland

The lacrimal gland (glandula lacrimalis) is a complex alveolar-tubular gland of the lobate structure, lies in the epithelial pit in the lateral corner, in the upper wall of the orbit.

Conjunctiva (tunica conjunctiva) is a connective tissue envelope of pale pink color. It distinguishes the conjunctiva of the eyelids (tunica conjunctiva palpebrarum), covering from the inside of the eyelids, and the conjunctiva of the eyeball (tunica conjunctiva bulbaris), which on the cornea is represented by a thin epithelial cover.

Eyelids

The upper eyelid (palpebra superior) and the lower eyelid (palpebra inferior) are the formations that lie in front of the eyeball and cover it from above and below, and when the eyelids are completely closed it.

Muscles of the eye

The eyeball is attached six striated muscles: four straight - upper, lower, lateral and medial and two oblique - upper and lower. All straight muscles and the upper oblique begin at the depth of the orbit on the common tendon ring (anulus tendineus communis), fixed to the sphenoid bone and periosteum around the optic canal and partly on the edges of the upper globular fissure.

Fascia of the orbit

Glaznitsa, in the cavity of which is the eyeball, is lined with the periosteum of the orbit (periorbita), fused in the visual channel and the upper glandular fissure with a hard shell of the brain.

Sense organs

The sensory organs are anatomical formations (sensitive nerve endings, nerve fibers and cells) that perceive the energy of external action, transform it into a nerve impulse and transmit this impulse to the brain.

Lenticular

Located behind the eyeballs, the lens has the shape of a biconvex lens, which has a large light refractive power. The front surface of the lens (facies anterior lentis) and the most prominent point of it - the front pole (polus anterior) are facing toward the posterior chamber of the eyeball.

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