The fascia of the eye socket

The orbit, in the cavity of which the eyeball is located, is lined with the periosteum of the orbit (periorbita), which grows together in the area of the optic canal and the superior orbital fissure with the dura mater of the brain. The eyeball is surrounded by its membrane - the vagina (vagina bulbi), or Tenon's capsule, loosely connected to the sclera. The gap between the eyeball and its vagina is called the episcleral (Tenon's) space (spatium episclerale). On the back surface of the eyeball, the vagina is fused with the external sheath of the optic nerve, and in front it approaches the fornix of the conjunctiva. The sheath of the eyeball is pierced by vessels and nerves, as well as tendons of the extraocular muscles, whose own fascia are fused with this sheath.

Between the sheath of the eyeball and the periosteum of the orbit, around the extraocular muscles and the optic nerve, lies a fatty tissue penetrated by connective tissue bridges - the fatty body of the orbit (corpus adiposum orbitae), which acts as an elastic cushion for the eyeball. In front, the orbit with its contents is partially closed by the orbital septum (septum orbitale), originating from the periosteum of the upper and lower edges of the orbit and attached to the cartilages of the upper and lower eyelids, and in the area of the inner corner of the eye it connects with the medial ligament of the eyelid. The orbital septum has openings for the passage of vessels and nerves through it.

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