Digestive system

Ascending Colon

Ascending colon (colon ascendens) has a length of 18-20 cm. The position of the ascending colon is variable. Its posterior side occupies the extreme right lateral position on the back wall of the abdominal cavity.

Appendix (appendix)

Appendix (appendix vermiformis) departs from the posterior medial surface of the caecum, its length varies widely - from 2 to 24 cm (average 9 cm); its diameter is 0.5-1.0 cm. The appendix can have a diverse direction.

Cecum

The caecum is the initial part of the large intestine, and the ileum enters into it. The cecum has a saccular shape, a free dome facing downwards, from which a vermicular appendix (appendix) departs.

Large intestine (large intestine)

The large intestine (intestinum crassum) follows the small intestine. In the large intestine, the cecum is excreted, the colorectal and the rectum. The colon is in turn represented by an ascending colonic, transverse, descending and sigmoid colon.

Duodenum

Duodenum (duodenum) - the initial section of the small intestine, located on the back wall of the abdominal cavity. The duodenum starts from the pylorus, ends with a duodenum-jejunal bend located at the left edge of the II lumbar vertebra.

Small intestine

The small intestine (intestinum tenue) is the part of the digestive tract located between the stomach and the large intestine. The small intestine together with the thick intestine forms the longest part of the digestive system.

Stomach

The stomach (gaster, ventriculus) is an enlarged portion of the digestive tract, located between the esophagus and duodenum. In the stomach, food is delayed 4-6 hours. At this time, it is mixed and digested by the action of gastric juice containing pepsin, lipase, hydrochloric acid, mucus. In the stomach is also the absorption of sugar, alcohol, water, salts.

Esophagus

Esophagus (oesophagus) is a hollow tubular organ that serves to carry food masses from the pharynx to the stomach. The length of the esophagus in an adult is 25-27 cm. The esophagus is somewhat flattened in anteroposterior direction in its upper part, and in the lower part (below the level of the jugular notch of the sternum) resembles a flattened cylinder.

Pharynx

Pharynx - an unpaired organ located in the region of the head and neck, is part of the digestive and respiratory systems. It is a hollow funnel-shaped tube suspended from the outer base of the skull.

Sky

The palate is subdivided into hard and soft. The bone base of the solid palate (palatum durum) consists of the palatine processes of the maxillary bones connected to each other, to which horizontal plates of the palatine bones are attached behind.

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