Diagnosis of autoimmune diseases

Antibodies to proteinase-3 neutrophils in the blood

Protein kinase-3 is a neutral serine protease localized in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils. Antibodies to protein kinase-3 are most characteristic for Wegener's granulomatosis, in which they are detected in 30-99% of patients.

Antibodies to the cytoplasm of neutrophils in the blood

Antibodies to the cytoplasm of neutrophils (ANCA) - a complex of antibodies specific for various granulocyte, monocytic and, possibly, endothelial cytoplasmic antigen.

Antibodies to microsomal antigen of the liver and kidneys in the blood

Antibodies to microsomal liver and kidney antigen (LKM) are a heterogeneous group of autoantibodies, which are divided into three subtypes based on their Ag targets. The cytochrome P-450IID6 component with a molecular weight of 50,000 was identified as the main LKM-I antigen (LKM-1), LKM-2 was directed to cytochrome P-450IIC9

Antibodies to hepatic-specific lipoprotein in the blood

Antibodies to liver-specific lipoprotein are determined by the method of indirect immunofluorescence. Hepatic-specific lipoprotein (LSP) is a heterogeneous material from hepatocyte membranes, containing 7-8 antigenic determinants, some of them are hepatic-specific, others are nonspecific.

Antibodies to smooth muscles in the blood

Antibodies to smooth muscle (AGM) are antibodies to the protein actin or non-actin components (tubulin, vimentin, desmeline and skeleton) and appear in response to damage to the hepatocytes. Antibodies to smooth muscle are detected by indirect immunofluorescence.

Antimitochondrial antibodies in serum

Antimitochondrial antibodies are produced to antigens of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Antigen by structure is a lipoprotein, which participates in the transport functions of the membrane.

Diagnosis of autoimmune liver disease

The syndrome of autoimmune chronic hepatitis is characterized by clinical symptoms of liver inflammation that last more than 6 months, and histological changes (necrosis and infiltrates of portal fields).

Antisperm antibodies in the blood

In men, antisperm antibodies are formed as a result of an autoimmune reaction to the spermatogenic epithelium. Etiological factors contributing to the development of such a reaction include testicular trauma, bacterial and viral infections, surgical operations on the testicle (for example, after vasectomy, antisperm antibodies are detected in all men), in some cases, the cause can not be established.

Ovarian antibodies in the blood

Ovarian antibodies (to ovarian cell antigen) were first detected in women with premature menopause, infertility and in vitro fertilization. This group of antibodies can include antibodies to Leidig cells, ovarian granulosa cells and placental syncytiotrophoblast.

Antibodies to the adrenal glands in the blood

Antibodies to the adrenal glands are directed against the microsomal structures of cells of the adrenal cortex. They belong to IgG, they possess organ-specificity and are more frequent in women.

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