Osteomyelitis of the jaw

Osteomyelitis of the jaw is an inflammation of the jaw bone caused by infection. A dangerous disease, fortunately occurring quite rarely.

The causative agent of this disease are pathogenic bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Complexity - in its severe course and serious complications. During the remission inflammation captures not only the jaw tissue itself, but the entire bone system.

[1],

Causes of osteomyelitis of the jaw

Practically there are not so many reasons and ways by which the virus or bacterium falls on the "fertile soil" with the subsequent development of the osteomyelitis of the jaw. 

• Chronic diseases of a viral and infectious nature. 
• The root cause is a complicated form of periodontitis with subsequent complication. 
• Acute pathogenic infection, which causes an inflammatory process. 
• Through plasma (transfusion, injection ...). 
• Traumatism: injuries, fractures. 
• Much less often, the temporomandibular joint is the impetus to the disease, namely its dysfunction.

[2], [3], [4], [5]

Symptoms of the osteomyelitis of the jaw

The main symptoms of this disease are similar to many others, but there are differences, so a diagnosis should be placed only by a graduate. 

• Some of the symptoms of poisoning similar to: general reduction in vitality, fever (greater than 38 ^to C), irritability, poor sleep and headache. 
• Acute pain in the caries tooth region, pain intensifies, often becomes pulsating with pulpation. 
• Pathological mobility, adjacent to the affected, teeth. 
• Redness and swelling of the mucosa. 
• The increase in the size of the lymph nodes is painful when touched. 
• A blood test indicates an inflammatory process in the body. 
• If the patient did not immediately contact the clinic, the fistula, through which the pus flows, can visually differentiate. Painful sensations become dull, but the bone continues to die.

Classification of jaw osteomyelitis

[6], [7], [8]

Traumatic osteomyelitis

A disease that occurs as a result of jaw injuries or fractures. The traumatized site opens the virus to the bone, but the percentage of complications of this type is small. 

A variety of osteomyelitis disease of the jaw refers to complications resulting from a fracture of the facial bone. Most often this happens with the lower jaw, but there are also single cases of damage to the upper jaw. Trauma to the bone opens the passageway for infection, which, under favorable conditions for it, begins to develop even further away from the zone of the fracture.

Therefore, if it has already happened that the jaw is injured, everything must be done to prevent the pathogenic flora from getting into the wound.

Osteomyelitis of the jaw after tooth extraction

Everything in our body is interconnected. Closed by a single innervation and the upper from the lower jaw, being the processes of the triadic nerve (responsible for the sensitivity of the nerve endings of the face). When the dentist is forced to wring out a sick tooth, it also removes the dental nerve, while the nerve endings of the gum and periodontal remain and are irritated due to pain after tooth loss (pain can be felt for up to a week).

If the pain does not pass a longer period of time, it is necessary to urgently consult a dentist in order not to miss the development of osteomyelitis.

Hematogenous osteomyelitis

It is caused by inflammation that has arisen as a result of tissue damage caused by infection brought about by the flow of blood. Plasma, with its current through the vessels, seizes the infection in the inflamed foci and spreads it throughout the body. This type of disease, most often, develops on the basis of a chronic disease, or a long-term focus of infection. In this case, the inflammatory process goes as if in reverse order: the jaw bone first of all, and then the tooth can be defeated. This type of development of the disease is less common.

Radial osteomyelitis of the jaw

Malignant tumor of maxillofacial area. This diagnosis is not so rare in our time. The doctors have successfully learned to fight this disease. But his insidiousness lies not only in the possibility of returning the disease with the degeneration of cells into cancerous, but also the consequences that a patient has after receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Radial osteomyelitis of the jaw is a consequence of obtaining, in the course of treatment, a large dose of radiation and getting into the focus of the purulent pathogenic infection. The combination of these negative factors leads to the onset of purulent-necrotic processes in the jaw. The probability of the appearance of this lesion largely depends on the stability of the bone tissue to the ionizing radiation directed to it and the negative flora present or absent. That is, everything depends on the possibility of the body, its immune system, to resist the harmful effects from the outside.

More often, the causes of post-radial osteomyelitis of the jaw are considered by physicians to be trauma (physical and radiant energy) and infection. Clinical manifestations of the acquired disease - a slow gradual destruction of bone tissue, accompanied by severe pain, with the subsequent appearance of fistula, sequestration. If the patient does not provide medical assistance in time, the consequences can be deplorable. The bone is destroyed so much that there may be pathological fractures of the jaw.

Odontogenic osteomyelitis of jaws

The most common form of manifestation of the osteomyelitis of the jaw, resulting from serious complications in dental disease (for example, neglected tooth caries). Today, this type of ostiomyitis is diagnosed in more than half of the cases. The disease begins to gain momentum after getting the infection through the carious tissues in the pulp and then to the dental root. After the damage to the root of the tooth, the infection also grabs the nearby jaw tissue. About 70% of lesions belong to the lower jaw. The main damaging bacteria causing this type of disease are both streptococci and staphylococci, and anaerobic bacteria. These pathogenic microorganisms enter the maxillary tissue along the bony ducts, as well as the lymphatic system. 

The most common form of osteomyelitis of the jaw is its odontogenic variety, and it is affected by both adults and children of different ages. The cause of its occurrence is an infection that affects the carious tooth. And if you do not promptly seek help from a dentist who removes dead skin, cleans the dental canal and puts a seal, the pathogenic flora in the mouth will trigger the development of inflammation and the formation of a purulent capsule in the jaw bone, which leads to development of odontogenic osteomyelitis of the jaws.

The anatomical features of the jaw are incomparable to any other area of the human body. Due to the teeth, it is in this area that the bone closes as close as possible to the possible source of infection (oral cavity) and a sufficiently small breakdown (caries), so that the virus penetrates to the bone tissue. There is a violation of microcirculation of all processes, the necessary substances and microelements do not enter the tissue, partial cell death begins.

In the inflamed foci an abscess is formed, provoked by the work of such microorganisms as white or golden staphylococcus, streptococcus and others. Adaptation to drugs and mutations produce a fairly large range of anaerobic flora. This problem can manifest itself in a fuzzy clinic of the disease, in the atypical reaction of a person to medicines and in the manifestation of immunodeficiency.

Classify and the stage of the disease: subacute, acute and chronic.

The acute form of the osteomyelitis of the jaw is the response of the human body to the penetration of infection into it. Symptoms of this stage are akin to many other diseases, but there are differences: 

• The patient feels weakness and malaise. 
• Attacks of a headache begin. 
• There are problems with sleep. 
• There is an increase in temperature. 
• Disappears appetite. The patient is difficult to eat, as chewing food is accompanied by painful sensations. 
• The mucosa of the oral cavity begins to gradually blush. 
• Infection beats the immune and metabolic system - this is manifested by an increase in lymph nodes. 
• Teeth adjacent to the focus of infection become mobile.

When making a diagnosis, treatment should be started immediately. This stage of the disease is dangerous not only the course of the disease, but also its complications. Especially with this, the spleen and liver suffer.

If the treatment started on time and was maintained at the proper level, the disease goes to another stage - subacute osteomyelitis. At this stage, there are several other manifestations of the disease: 

• Fistulas and dead skin patches form in the area of bone tissue damage. At this stage there is a partial outflow of pus and fluid - this dulls the severity of the manifestation of symptoms. It seems to the patient that the disease is receding, but the inflammation is gaining momentum, the danger to the body is increasing.

Later, the disease becomes chronic. This stage of the osteomyelitis of the jaw is most dangerous: 

• For some time the patient feels almost healthy. But the disease does not slumber, and remission turns into a new exacerbation of osteomyelitis. There are sequestrants, new fistulas are formed.

Osteomyelitis of lower jaw

This disease is the most often diagnosed by doctors in the localization of osteomyelitis in the jaw area. The development of the disease, often occurs due to the ingress through the lymphocytes and bone channels of the pathogenic flora to the bone tissue of the lower jaw. Another way to hit is through the pulp of the damaged tooth.

One of the first manifesting symptoms with it is a decrease in the sensitivity of the receptors of the nerve endings of the lower lip and chin. Significantly increases the sensitivity of the patient's tooth. The pain of touching becomes more acute, pulsating. This all refers to the odontogenic form of the disease.

But the cause that can cause the development of osteomyelitis can be and trauma of the jaw zone, as well as its fracture - these root causes give impetus to the development of traumatic form.

And the third type of disease is hematogenous. Infection gets to the focus of inflammation through the blood. The cause of infection of blood can be a simple injection, or a blood transfusion.

For osteomyelitis of the lower jaw, all the manifestations observed with purulent fever are present. There is a general intoxication of the body, there is a chill (especially in the evening), breathing and pulse becomes rapid. At an acute stage of illness, temperature sharply jumps, sometimes approaching critical indicators in 40оС. Painful sensations seem to creep away, grabbing an ever larger area: discomfort increases with chewing, it becomes difficult to swallow.

The severity of this disease is divided into: light, medium and heavy. Distinguish the same, in size, involved in the inflammatory process of the area: diffuse and limited. And as the division goes to the osteomyelitis of the jaw, passed without complications and a disease that entailed significant complications.

Odontogenic osteomyelitis of lower jaw

Odontogenic variety of this disease, according to medical observations is much more common than all the others. The lion's share of all cases falls on the odontogenic osteomyelitis of the lower jaw. The disease is caused by a bacterial pathogenic flora that enters the area of pulp and periodontal on the affected canal (tooth channel damage, caries and other tooth integrity disorders), provoking foci of inflammation.

Recently, more and more often pathogens of bone inflammation are obligate-anaerobic flora, up to a certain time, such bacteria as white and golden staphylococci, streptococci, varieties of rod-shaped bacteria prevailed ...

But for the development of inflammation, there is not enough of a penetrating infection. The presence of other factors is also necessary: a reduced, for whatever reason, immunity of the patient and, a high degree of ability of this infectious strain of a microorganism or a virus to infect the body. In small children, in connection with a still quite imperfect system of body protection, scales are inclined, more often, towards illness.

Traumatic osteomyelitis of lower jaw

It often occurs when injuries or trauma caused a fracture of the lower jaw (with the same damage to the upper jaw, such effects do not occur often). Not every inflammatory process after damage to bone tissue can lead to osteomyelitis of the jaw. If the process of inflammation is localized only in the zone of primary damage and does not spread to peripheral zones, it can be classified as focal abscess on the bone. With adequate treatment, started on the nascent stage of the disease, this process is stopped quickly enough and does not degenerate into the dying of bone tissue.

Any fracture does not manifest itself. In parallel with him, the patient gets soft tissue damage, a severe bruise. It does not dispense with hemorrhages, which form hematomas. This is a good time for the introduction of the virus and the further growth of phlegmon, or the appearance of an abscess. If timely sanation and open an abscess, support the patient with general restorative therapy, you can in a short time to stop the spread of the inflammatory process, not leading to necrotic manifestations. If the patient receives inadequate treatment or does not receive it at all, then the development of osteomyelitis is very great.

The main cause of traumatic osteomyelitis of the lower jaw is a violation of metabolic processes and microcirculation necessary for the normal functioning of the body. The development of this disease is facilitated, first of all, by the patient's later referral to the doctor, or untimely and incorrect treatment, as well as the concomitant other serious illnesses and non-compliance of patients with oral hygiene.

Osteomyelitis of the upper jaw

Osteomyelitis of the upper jaw, according to medical observations, is much less common, but there are still cases of this disease, so consider this case.

Medicine considers several ways of penetrating an infection that affects the upper jaw. 

• Hematogenous pathway. Hit the pathogenic flora through the plasma. This can happen with the help of an ordinary injection, as well as in the case of blood transfusions (the virus can be entered with blood if the blood itself was infected, or sterility was violated during the procedure). 
• The lymphogenous path. Influx of infection through the lymph system. 
• Contact or rhinogenic. Penetration comes from the mouth. It can be an inflammatory process that seizes the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinuses (this can happen in chronic or acute rhinitis), as well as the penetration of the pathogenic flora along the gland ducts through the periosteum. 
• A newborn can "catch" this disease during labor during the application of forceps, or through infected maternal genitalia. It can happen during feeding, through the nipples (if the mother is suffering from mastitis). Not observing the general hygiene for the baby is fraught with the penetration of infection from dirty toys or nipples, especially during the period when the teeth begin to be cut.

Especially dangerous is the osteomyelitis of the jaw for babies, as the disease develops rapidly and the main thing is not to miss the time, quickly and correctly diagnose, immediately begin treatment. In this category of patients, this disease is more often manifested as an abscess on the basis of sepsis, less often - sepsis develops on the basis of acute RVI (respiratory viral infection).

The main symptoms of the disease, which are the same for both young children and adults, with the only difference that in infants these processes occur more rapidly and with pronounced manifestations: 

• This disease in children begins suddenly. Sharply rising the temperature to 39 ÷ 40 ^{on the} S. 
• The kid is naughty, does not want to eat. 
• There is an edema in the nose-cheek-eye area. 
• During the first day the eye gap is completely closed, the upper lip becomes insensitive, the nasolabial fold disappears. Lichiko becomes asymmetrical, as if skewed. 
• The lymph nodes in the size of the viral lesion increase in size. 
• Over the next three days, puffiness not only seizes the face, but also the neck. 
• The process is developing (in children in the dentition, in adults in the root system of the tooth) suppuration. And there is a rejection of sequestration. 
• Due to the edema, the nasal passage narrows or overlaps, which prevents normal breathing. Gradually, it begins to fill with purulent secretions. 
• Already in the first - the second day after infection, the skin in the area of swelling acquires a pink shade with a shiny texture. When touching - a sharp pain. 
• Already on the first day on the alveolar bone, local infiltrates may appear. The mucous membrane becomes hyperemic, softened (bone tissue begins to break down) and increases in size. There is a fluctuation. 
• Approximately on the fifth day, a certain amount of sequestration is detected, beginning to appear in the nasal cavity of the fistula. They are formed in the sky, in the area of the inner corner of the eye, in the region of dental rudiments. The upper jaw becomes pathologically mobile. 
• Fast enough inflammation and eye sockets. The abscess of the eyelids begins. Any movement causes pain. The eyeball becomes motionless - the phlegm of the orbit develops.

The consequences of complications in osteomyelitis of the upper jaw can be terrible, especially for babies. This and meningitis, sepsis, phlegmon orbits, pneumonia, abscess of the lung and brain, purulent pleurisy ...

Acute osteomyelitis of the jaw

Physicians refer to this disease as nonspecific infectious inflammatory diseases. It has a number of characteristic symptoms, some can be both obligate and optional (that is, such symptoms can manifest, or may not be observed).

The organism reacts to the penetration of infection in this phase as follows: 

• Decreased vitality. 
• Pain in the head area. 
• There is a chill. 
• The temperature can be fixed at 37 ÷ 37.5 ° C or reach 40 ° C (this applies more to children). 
• Heart palpitation is increasing. 
• Intoxication of the body. 
• Reduced blood pressure. 
• From the mouth cavity is quite unpleasant smell. 
• Mucous membrane is hyperemic, noticeable edema is observed. 
• When touching - strong pain. 
• There is an outflow of purulent masses from under the gums. 
• There may be abnormal mobility of teeth in the area of inflammation.

The patient's condition at this stage is light, medium and heavy. Proceeding from this, the doctors prescribe therapeutic measures corresponding to this condition. •

• There is numbness of tissues, their sensitivity is disturbed. 
• Blood tests show that the body is undergoing an inflammatory process. 
• Enlarged lymph nodes. They become painful when touched. 
• After removal and dissection of the tooth (the first day), pus is intensifying. Improvement of the patient's condition is not observed. 
• Only on the second day the patient becomes easier, the inflammation subsides, the amount of pus coming out decreases.

[9], [10], [11], [12], [13]

Acute odontogenic osteomyelitis of the jaws

An infection-purulent lesion of the jaw bones, the source of which is a virus or infection, which penetrated into the inflammation focus due to tooth decay, followed by its complication. Infection affects the contact, with further expansion of the affected area and the formation of osteonecrosis (the gradual withering of bone matter).

In fact, acute odontogenic osteomyelitis of the jaws is nothing more than a complication that has appeared with the advanced stage of caries.

[14], [15], [16]

Acute osteomyelitis of lower jaw

As it was already said above, this disease most often affects the lower jaw. The doctor diagnoses the patient on the basis of a comprehensive examination. Primarily, this is based on a patient complaint and a visual examination by a specialist. Next, "connect" radiography and laboratory tests.

The main symptoms in acute form are identical, be it traumatic, odontogenic or hematogenous osteomyelitis. The common thing about them is that you should not start the disease and expect the process to "resolve" itself. The earlier a patient begins to provide medical care, the more sparing the therapy will be and the less destructive effects of inflammation on the body.

[17], [18],

Acute odontogenic osteomyelitis of lower jaw

It is this kind of disease, as it is not strange, is found most often. Have you started your teeth and are afraid to go to the doctor? Your cowardice can cause illness. Carefully read the symptoms of the disease. Maybe this will help you to visit the dentist.

[19]

Chronic osteomyelitis of the jaw

The chronic form of this disease is unpleasant not only with the symptomatology, but also with the fact that the disease can proceed with varying success (sometimes fading, but again exacerbating) for several months. There is a periodic appearance of new fistulas and rejection of necrotic areas of bone tissue. The chronic form requires periodic observation by a specialist.

Chronic osteomyelitis of lower jaw

The chronic form of the disease is more often noted by the end of 4 weeks, when a sequester is formed, fistulas appear. Patient's state of health is consistently satisfactory. Normalized temperature and protein levels in the blood.

The main reason for the transition from an acute form to a chronic doctor is considered untimely arrest of the acute stage of the disease (tooth extraction ...).

[20], [21], [22]

Chronic odontogenic osteomyelitis of the jaws

Most often, chronic odontogenic osteomyelitis of the jaws affects children 3 to 12 years (period of incision and replacement of teeth), as well as adults whose mouth, for the most part, is not sanitized.

[23], [24], [25], [26]

Diagnosis of the osteomyelitis of the jaw

The diagnosis should be made only by a specialist! And only after a comprehensive study of the patient was conducted. The main milestones of diagnostics: 

• Complaints of the patient. 
• Visual examination of the patient. 
• An x-ray is a harassing area. 
• Blood test.

The diagnosis of the disease is based on external symptoms and the results of laboratory tests.

[27], [28], [29]

X-ray for osteomyelitis of the jaw

At first, to reveal the disease with the help of fluoroscopy is problematic. Only by the end of the first week in the picture it will be possible to consider a diffuse, somewhat transparent spot that indicates a change in bone structure under the influence of purulent exudate.

Treatment of osteomyelitis of the jaw

Treatment of the disease in acute form is based on the disclosure of suppuration, sanitation and medical therapy, which helps to eliminate peak manifestations in the focus of inflammation. The tooth and bone fragments are necessarily removed from the fracture site, but the periosteum should be approached very carefully, it can not be peeled off. The most unpleasant thing in this disease is that it is not possible to completely restore the tissue ligament in its original form. Epithelialize the wound completely does not work, there is a cavity forming a fistula that can not close spontaneously. The patient feels better, the blood counts are normalized.

In such a state, the affected area can exist for a sufficiently long period of time, spontaneously, as a rule, without closing. The patient feels much better. The composition and blood counts are normalized. And the process gradually turns into a subacute, and then a chronic form.

Follow-up medical care is aimed at mobilizing the body's immune system. During this period, the formation of sequesters is taking place, and bone callus is formed.

Treatment of lower jaw osteomyelitis

As the long experience shows, most often the lower jaw is affected.

Treatment of this disease begins, first of all with sanation with solutions of oral antiseptic and wound cavity, in order to avoid re-infection of the source of infection. Then proceed to anti-inflammatory therapy. 

• It is necessary to "cleanse the body" by taking measures to remove intoxication. 
• Eliminate the adverse factors that affect the metabolic processes in the body, and more specifically at the site of inflammation. 
• There is a need to stimulate the recovery and effective work of reparative processes. 

Also connected are the physical procedures. For example, the use of the apparatus "Plazon", which promotes the healing of wounds and the suppression of inflammatory manifestations, using exogenous nitric oxide.

• The treatment procedure using NO-therapy is well known. The advantages of its use are also not in doubt: 
• The overwhelming effect on parasitic bacteria. 
• Stimulation of phagocytosis, responsible not only for the destruction of foreign body particles, but also the absorption of that biomaterial, which in certain situations can become so. 
• Works on improving blood microcirculation. 
• Normalizes the conductivity of nerve endings. 
• Regulates immune processes.
• Activates secretions that promote faster wound healing and elimination of inflammatory manifestations. 
• Stimulates the synthesis of collagen (connective tissue). 
• Enhances epithelization - spontaneous overgrowing of the wound of the skin or mucous membrane with epithelium, closing this defect.

Treatment of upper jaw osteomyelitis

If the infection enters the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses with a hematogenous route in case of a mother's disease (mastitis, sepsis), orbital complications occur somewhat later than the obvious symptoms of the maxillary osteomyelitis.

On the roentgenogram, the blurred structure of the jaw is clarified with enlightenment in the first days of the disease and the disappearance of the bone structure with the formation of sequestration at a later stage of the disease.

It is absolutely necessary to remove the tooth in the osteomyelitis of the jaw, since the infection tends to spread to other healthy tissues, after which the process is much more difficult to stop. After removal, the doctor prescribes an early periosteomy. This procedure involves an incision of the periosteum for the free removal of the fluid that results from the development of infection and the death of exudate tissue. Also, the doctor prescribes a course of antibiotics and washing the cavity of the infected bone with antiseptic solutions. In addition, symptomatic treatment is prescribed. In severe cases, sequestrants are surgically removed. Necessarily appoint antibiotics and detoxification therapy (directed against poisoning the body).

Treatment of osteomyelitis of the jaw by alternative means

It is necessary to warn that this disease should be treated only medically. The following recipes are only able to help the body fight the disease. 

• Tincture of walnut. 200g of septums from a nutshell pour 500ml of vodka. Infuse two weeks in a dark place. Strain. Eat 1 tbsp. L. In a day. 
• Drink one raw egg from 1 tbsp. L. Fish oil twice a day. 
• In a liter jar pour vodka flowers of lilac. Put for a decade in a dark place. Drink three times a day for 30 drops or apply to the sore spot compresses.

Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the jaw

If the term of the disease fits in at 1.5 months - conservative methods are most often used in treatment. It is the reception of antibiotics with parallel stimulation of immune processes. Such treatment is effective for local chronic osteomyelitis, not prone to expanding the inflammatory zone.

If the disease has crossed in terms of 1.5 months and there are already non-absorbable sequestrants, and the appearance of fistulas does not stop, violations in the work of the kidneys begin to appear - these are indications for surgical intervention, that is, the doctor carries out sequestration removal. In the preoperative period, the patient receives therapy that maintains the body's resistance (ability to heal wounds). After the operation, antibiotics, vitamins, and physiotherapy are prescribed.

Treatment of chronic lower jaw osteomyelitis

It is necessary to remove the diseased tooth and form cuts on the periosteum to improve the outflow of fluid and sanitation with antimicrobial agents of the bone cavity.

With this disease, unambiguous introduction to the course of treatment of antibiotics, which can last from 10 to 24 days, and general rehabilitation measures may last for several months. Some doctors recommend hyperbaric oxygen to their patients (especially after irradiation of the lower jaw).

Antibiotics for osteomyelitis of the jaw

At this disease antibiotics are attributed unambiguously. They are administered intramuscularly or intravenously. But in very difficult cases, the patient receives them intraarterially, endolymphically. The most commonly used penicillin or clindamycin.

Intramuscularly, pinicylin is rapidly absorbed into the plasma. It is introduced from the calculation, that in 1 ml of blood there was 0,1-0,3 ED penicillin. For effective treatment, it must be administered every 4 hours.

Clindamycin. Adults are assigned 150 ÷ 50 mg. Every 6 hours. The course duration is individual for each patient, but not less than 10 days. For babies over 1 month, the daily dose of 8 ÷ 25 mg / kg. Body weight. 3 ÷ 4 reception. Babies over 1 month of medication are administered a dose of 20 ÷ 40 mg / kg. Body weight per day.

To accelerate the process of recovery, the patient is prescribed methyluracil in a dosage of 1 tablet three times throughout the day (treatment course 10 ÷ 14 days), as well as vitamins C (daily dose 1 ÷ 2 g with a weekly course), B1, B6 (2 ml of 5% solution in a day) and A. The protocol of treatment also includes plasma transfusion (portioning), physical procedures and nutrition.

[30], [31]

Prevention of osteomyelitis of the jaw

In any situation, preventive measures are capable, if not completely prevent the disease, then in a position to make it less destructive for the organism. A person who is very careful about his health is guaranteed, most significantly, protected from severe consequences, even if his illness still caught up.

Not an exception and osteomyelitis of the jaw. For the most part, if this is not hematogenous osteomyelitis (which the patient neither foresees nor warns), preventive measures are not so complicated. 

• It is necessary to adhere to simple rules of personal hygiene (brush your teeth in the morning and in the evening, wash your hands before eating ...). 
• At the slightest discomfort in the oral cavity (teeth, gums ...) it is necessary to consult a dentist. Do not pull with the campaign. Caries should be treated in a timely manner. Do not delay prosthetics, if necessary. 
• Do not let the infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract escape. 
• Be careful and circumspect. Do not allow injury to the face (jaw).

Prognosis of the osteomyelitis of the jaw

If the patient in a timely manner turned to a clinic to a specialist, then the prognosis of the osteomyelitis of the jaw doctors give predominantly positive. If the patient was admitted to the hospital in an acute form of the disease course, then it is difficult to predict anything unambiguously. After all, it is not known how the body will work, as far as it has enough of its internal strength in the fight against the disease. Complications that may occur during treatment are diverse. 

• Septic shock may occur as a consequence of an organism's intoxication. 
• Acute pulmonary insufficiency. 
• A purulent infection can lead to phlebitis of the facial veins. 
• Pulmonary and cerebral abscesses. 
• Meningoencephalitis and meningitis. 
• Greater chance of developing sepsis.
• Many of the above diagnoses can lead to a fatal outcome. 
• Also, with significant bone lesions, there is a possibility of a pathological fracture or false joint, which always leads to jaw deformation.

Having carefully read the topic of the article, you can learn a lot about osteomyelitis of the jaw. The main thing is to make the right conclusions for yourself. In any situation, preventive measures come out on the first place, which will help to save you from this rather unpleasant and insidious disease. You just need to live and rejoice, but it's necessary to organize your life unobtrusively so that the activities mentioned above become an integral part of your existence. If the disease still made itself felt, call an ambulance or immediately consult a doctor. Only a specialist will be able to correctly diagnose and attribute effective treatment. Timely treatment in the clinic will not only prevent the disease at an easier stage, but it can save your life.