Tuberculosis of the intestine
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Tuberculosis of the intestine, peritoneum and mesenteric lymph nodes according to the classification of tuberculosis adopted in our country (1973) is referred to the group of tuberculosis of other organs and systems (in contrast to pulmonary tuberculosis).
Causes of intestinal tuberculosis
Tuberculosis of the intestine can be an expression of the primary (primary intestinal tuberculosis complex), secondary (intrakanalkulyarnoe infection with cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis) or hematogenous extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Dominant manifestations of primary tuberculosis (often chronically current), accounting for 70% of cases of abdominal forms of tuberculosis. The path of spreading is lymphogenic ("adenogenic").
In primary tuberculosis, intestinal damage is often associated with bovine mycobacterium (Mycobacterium bovis), with secondary and hematogenous tuberculosis with mycobacteria of the human (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) or intermediate (Mycobacterium africanum) species.
[Symptoms of intestinal tuberculosis
Initially, tuberculous bowel disease can occur asymptomatically or with mildly specific general symptoms: a violation of appetite, nausea and heaviness in the stomach after eating, weakness, malaise, subfebrile fever, increased sweating, swelling of the intestine, unstable stool, uncharacteristic abdominal pain.
Where does it hurt?
Diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis
Primary tuberculosis of the intestine is diagnosed often in the late stages of the disease. Secondary tuberculosis lesions of the intestine can be diagnosed more easily, especially if there is an active specific process in the lungs. It is necessary to take into account the data of clinical, laboratory, bacteriological, endoscopic and radiographic methods of investigation.
What do need to examine?
Who to contact?
Treatment of intestinal tuberculosis
Treatment is carried out in specialized tuberculosis hospitals with specific anti-TB drugs. During the exacerbation, the food should be given in a frayed form, fractional (4-5 times a day), it should be rich in proteins, easily assimilated fats and vitamins.
Drugs
Prognosis for intestinal tuberculosis
The course of intestinal tuberculosis in the absence of appropriate treatment is usually progressive. The prognosis is largely determined by the severity of tuberculosis lesions of the intestine, as well as lungs and other organs. Possible complications - narrowing of the lumen of the intestine, intestinal obstruction, peritonitis, perforation of tuberculous ulcers, intestinal bleeding, insufficiency of suction syndrome, amyloidosis - worsen the prognosis.