Endoscopy of the duodenum and intestine
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Indications for endoscopy of the duodenum and intestine
Diagnostic indications: clarification of the localization of the process; visual examination of pathological changes revealed during examination, clarification of their prevalence; control over the effectiveness of treatment (both conservative and surgical); differential diagnosis of diseases of the stomach and duodenum; determination of the nature of pyloroduodenal stenosis (organic or functional); biopsy of affected areas (gastric ulcers, filling defects, neoplasms); Identification of changes in the stomach, which can affect the choice of a rational method of surgical treatment.
Contraindications to endoscopy of the duodenum and intestine
Absolute contraindications: shock, acute disorders of cerebral and coronary circulation, epileptic seizures, asthma attack, atlantoaxial subluxation, esophageal diseases, in which it is impossible to hold an endoscope in the stomach or there is an increased risk of perforation (esophagus burn, scar stricture, etc.).
Indications for endoscopy of the duodenum and intestine
Preparation of the patient for endoscopy of the duodenum and intestine
Preparation of the patient for endoscopy, may have some features, depending on the nature of the study (planned or emergency), as well as the general condition of the patient. With planned endoscopy, the patient should not take food for at least 4 hours before the study. 3 h before the procedure, the patient is given seduxen (one tablet - 0.005 g) or another tranquilizer. 20-30 minutes prior to the study, premedication with cholinolytic agents (0.5-1 ml of a 0.1% solution of atropine sulfate, methacine or 0.2% solution of platifillin) is performed.
How to prepare for endoscopy of the duodenum and intestines?
In the study of the duodenum, the most widely used are duodenoscopes with a lateral arrangement of optics, which are most convenient for examining such an anatomically complicated organ as the duodenum and performing operations on it. Duodenoscopy can also be performed with instruments with a faceted optics arrangement. The greatest advantages they have in examining patients who have undergone stomach resection by the method of Bilrot-II.
Duodenoscopy with the help of endoscopes with end optics begins with a view of the gatekeeper, which is produced by bending the distal end of the endoscope upward and pushing the device forward. The lower the tone of the stomach and the more it sags, the stronger you have to bend the end of the endoscope. If the endoscope is located at the gatekeeper, you can see the greater part of the anterior and upper walls of the bulb, and with an inconspicuous bend of the intestine, one can view even the region of the postbulbar sphincter of Kapandji.
How is endoscopy of the duodenum and intestines?
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