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Preparation for endoscopy of the intestine
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Preparation of the patient for endoscopy of the duodenum and intestine, may have some features, depending on the nature of the study (planned or emergency), as well as the general condition of the patient. With planned endoscopy, the patient should not take food for at least 4 hours before the study. 3 h before the procedure, the patient is given seduxen (one tablet - 0.005 g) or another tranquilizer. 20-30 minutes prior to the study, premedication with cholinolytic agents (0.5-1 ml of a 0.1% solution of atropine sulfate, methacine or 0.2% solution of platifillin) is performed. Excitable patients are administered 30-50 mg of a 2.5% solution of diprazine (pipolpene). 5 minutes before endoscopy, local anesthesia is performed. The patient is seated on a chair. He opens his mouth wide and puts out his tongue. The back wall of the pharynx and the root of the tongue are treated with 1-2% lidocaine solution by rinsing or irrigation, then asking the patient to make a swallowing movement (for anesthesia of the esophagus). After 3-6 minutes, the patient has a feeling of numbness in the throat, difficulty swallowing, the sensation of a foreign body, which indicates the onset of anesthesia and patient's readiness for research.
Controversial is the issue of gastric lavage, tk. When washing, the mucosa traumatizes, and the contents of the stomach can give additional information. Stomach should be washed in the following cases:
- With stenosis of the gatekeeper. 1 day before the study, in the morning and evening, wash the stomach to clean water.
- With cardiospasm III and IV degree.
The position of the investigated
The most convenient position for endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract is the position on the left side. In some cases, there is a need to change the position of the patient's body (turning on the stomach, on the right side, etc.). Therefore, it is desirable to conduct the research on a special table with a rising leg and head ends, with the possibility of turning it in one direction or another.
The patient is placed on the table or couch on the left side. The left leg is straightened, the right leg is bent at the knee joint and brought to the stomach or both legs are bent and pulled up. Hands are pressed to the trunk. A rubber cushion is placed under the head. The room is darkened.
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