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Treatment of cervical cystitis

Alexey Kryvenko, medical expert
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025

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Let's consider the algorithm for treating cervical inflammation of the bladder:

Bed rest (in acute forms of the disease).
Dietary regimen (it is necessary to exclude all products that irritate the mucous membrane of the affected organ) and maintaining water balance.
Wearing comfortable underwear made from natural fabrics.
Drug therapy (antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and painkillers, immunomodulators and vitamins).
Physiotherapy and therapeutic exercises.

If the disease is diagnosed in a patient with anatomical abnormalities in the structure of the genitourinary system (for example, a retroverted uterus), then biologically active supplements and vitamin complexes that enhance blood circulation in the pelvic area are added to the complex of medications.

Medicinal treatment of cervical cystitis

Special attention in the treatment of pathologies of the genitourinary system is given to drug therapy. Medicines for cervical cystitis are selected by the attending physician, based on the test results, the type of disease, its stage, the characteristics of the patient's body and a number of other factors.

Instillations for cervical cystitis

The introduction of liquid medicinal substances into the bladder or urethra for the purpose of therapy is an instillation. In cervical cystitis, they are prescribed both for the acute form of the disease and for the chronic form. The need for such a procedure for cervical inflammation is due to the fact that with conventional methods of introducing an antibiotic into the body, its concentration in the urine does not reach the level required to suppress pathogenic microflora. This is also due to the fact that the penetration of antibacterial components into the thickness of the walls of the bladder is difficult.

For installations, antiseptics, antibiotics and other medications are used, ensuring the penetration of active components into the deep layers of the walls of the affected organ.

Let's consider the main advantages of installation for cervical cystitis:

High concentration of the drug – during the procedure, the medication acts locally, that is, it does not affect the body.
The penetration of drugs into the deep layers of the bladder provides a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, even in chronic pathological processes.
Long exposure – the time the drug remains in the organ cavity can reach 2-3 hours. During this time, the active components have time to show their effect. The drugs are excreted after emptying the bladder.

As a rule, instillations are prescribed for chronic cystitis. The procedure is contraindicated in acute inflammatory processes in the vagina and vulva, as well as in tuberculosis of the bladder.

For the treatment of cervical and cervical cystitis, local administration of the following medications is recommended:

Voltaren

Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic agent. Contains diclofenac, belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase inhibitors.

Indications for use: inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system, osteoarthritis, spondyloarthritis, back pain, extra-articular soft tissue pathologies of rheumatic origin, gout, migraine attacks, gynecological diseases, primary dysmenorrhea.
Method of application: the initial dosage is three tablets per day, i.e. 150 mg. If necessary, the dosage is increased. The dosage of rectal suppositories and injection solution is determined by the attending physician.
Side effects: stomach pain, nausea and vomiting, bowel disorders, flatulence, gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenum, appetite disorders. Also possible is an increase in the level of liver enzymes, hepatitis, stomatitis, glossitis. Headaches and dizziness, tachycardia, sudden mood swings. Visual and hearing impairment, skin allergic reactions.
Contraindications: individual sensitivity to the components of the drug, gastric ulcers, gastritis, disorders of the hematopoietic system, pregnancy (last trimester), age of patients under 6 years. The drug is not prescribed for disorders of the liver, kidneys, cardiovascular system.
Overdose: nausea, vomiting, pain in the epigastric region, coma, convulsions. Gastric lavage and enterosorbents are indicated for treatment.

Voltaren is available as an injection solution for intramuscular administration, tablets for oral administration and rectal suppositories.

Collargol

An antiseptic with disinfectant properties. It is used to treat purulent and inflammatory diseases. A 0.2-1% solution is used for external washings, and a 1-2% solution is used for instillations for cystitis or urethritis. The drug has no contraindications and does not cause side effects. It is available in the form of a powder for solution preparation.

Sea buckthorn oil

A herbal medicine, used both externally and internally. Used for vaginal inflammation, inflammation of the cervical canal, erosions, inflammatory lesions of the bladder and its neck.

To perform the installation, the oil is diluted with warm purified water and inserted into the urethra. In other cases, tampons soaked in oil are used. The course of treatment is 8-15 procedures. The medicine is contraindicated in case of inflammation of the gallbladder, liver, pancreas, as well as in case of cholelithiasis.

Miramistin

An antiseptic with a hydrophobic effect on the cytoplasmic membranes of pathogenic microorganisms. It is active against all gram-negative and gram-positive, anaerobic and aerobic, asporogenous and spore-forming bacteria in the form of microbial associations and monocultures, including various strains with resistance to antibiotics.

Indications for use: prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases (syphilis, gonorrhea, genital candidiasis, trichomoniasis), urethritis, urethroprostatitis, cystitis. It is used in dermatology for the treatment of staphyloderma, streptoderma, mycoses of large folds, as well as in surgery, dentistry, otolaryngology, gynecology.
Method of application: in case of inflammatory lesion of the neck of the urinary bladder, it is recommended to administer 1 ml of the preparation intraurethrally. The course of treatment is determined by the attending physician.
Side effects: burning sensation that goes away within a short period of time. No need to stop taking the drug.
Contraindications: intolerance to the active components of the medication. No cases of overdose have been identified.

The medicine is available in the form of a solution for topical use and an ointment.

Chlorhexidine

Bactericidal and antiseptic agent, effective against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Stops the growth and division of parasitic fungi and Candida fungi, dermatophytes, trichophytons.

Indications for use: treatment of the surgical field and the surgeon's hands, sterilization of surgical instruments, rinsing the bladder in cystitis.
Method of application: for installation use a 0.2% aqueous solution once a day. The course of treatment is 4-12 procedures, 300-400 ml of solution per procedure.
Side effects: transient dryness, itching and inflammation of the skin.
Contraindications: various allergic diseases, dermatitis.

Release form: the drug is available in bottles of 500, 200 and 100 ml of 20% aqueous solution.

For installation in the bladder, it is recommended to use a disposable syringe with a volume of 20-50 ml or a disposable catheter Nelaton No. 8, 10, 12. Before the procedure, you should urinate. The prepared solution is drawn into the syringe, and the liquid should be at body temperature. The area of the external opening of the urethra should be treated with an antiseptic and the tip of the catheter should be lubricated with petroleum jelly. The catheter is slowly inserted through the urethra into the inflamed organ and the solution is administered.

To achieve the maximum therapeutic effect, the medicine should be kept for 1-3 hours. The procedure is carried out 3-5 times a week, the course of treatment is 7-10 procedures. If necessary, the therapy is repeated after 3-4 weeks.

Hydrocortisone for cervical cystitis

An effective glucocorticosteroid with anti-inflammatory, desensitizing and antiallergic properties is hydrocortisone. In cervical cystitis, it is used for instillations, that is, local administration into the affected organ. The drug has an anti-shock and antitoxic effect, suppresses the development of connective tissue, promotes rapid restoration of damaged tissue, reduces capillary permeability and accelerates protein breakdown.

The use of hydrocortisone in trigonitis is aimed at increasing diuresis and reducing proteinuria. The drug is used during physiotherapy procedures to eliminate chronic cystitis. For example, during intravesical electrophoresis, a special catheter electrode is inserted into the affected organ, which gradually releases active medicinal substances.

The drug is contraindicated in cases of kidney inflammation, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, diabetes, during pregnancy and lactation, systemic fungal diseases and intolerance to its components.

Suprax

Very often, when there is inflammation of the urinary tract, patients are prescribed Suprax. This drug is an antibiotic from the group of cephalosporins of the third generation. It is used parenterally. It has a broad spectrum of action against various aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It acts bactericidally.

Indications for use: infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug. The drug is prescribed for uncomplicated urinary tract infections, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis, bronchitis (acute, chronic), as well as gonococcal infection of the urethra and cervix.
Method of administration: for patients over 12 years of age and weighing over 50 kg, the recommended daily dose is 400 mg once a day or divided into two doses. For patients from 6 months to 12 years of age, the drug is prescribed in the form of a suspension at a dosage of 8 mg / kg of body weight once a day or 4 mg / kg every 12 hours. The course of treatment is individual for each patient and depends on the severity of the disease.
Side effects: various skin allergic reactions (itching, burning, erythema), headaches and dizziness, tinnitus, renal dysfunction, interstitial nephritis, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting attacks, changes in the blood picture. Overdose is manifested by increased side effects. Treatment: gastric lavage, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are ineffective.
Contraindications: individual intolerance to the components of the drug, patients under 6 months of age, pregnancy and lactation. With special caution it is prescribed for the elderly, with colitis and renal failure.
Drug interactions: when used simultaneously with carbamazepine, an increase in the concentration of the latter in the blood plasma is observed.

Suprax is available in the form of capsules for oral administration, granules for suspension and suspension for children.

Urolesan for cervical cystitis

Special attention in the treatment of inflammatory pathologies of the urinary system is given to herbal preparations. Urolesan has a disinfecting and diuresis-increasing effect in cervical cystitis. The medicine acidifies urine, increases the excretion of urea and chlorides, increases the level of bile formation and excretion, and improves hepatic blood flow.

Indications for use: urolithiasis and cholelithiasis, cystitis caused by urinary stones, acute and chronic pyelonephritis, cholecystitis, biliary dyskinesia, cholangiohepatitis.
Directions for use: 5-10 drops on a piece of sugar under the tongue, the medicine is taken 3 times a day before meals. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease. On average, the course of therapy lasts 5-30 days.
Side effects: headaches and dizziness, nausea. To eliminate them, rest and hot, plentiful drinks are recommended.

Urolesan is available in the form of a 15 ml dropper bottle.

Vitamins

Effective treatment of any disease involves a comprehensive approach. Vitamins for cervical cystitis are necessary to strengthen the body's defenses and increase resistance to infectious agents.

In most cases, patients are prescribed:

Vitamin A – maintains a healthy immune system and reduces the risk of bacterial infections.
Vitamin C – increases immunity, suppresses the growth of E. coli. This substance is recommended to be taken in the form of calcium or magnesium ascorbate, since pure ascorbic acid can provoke significant oxidation of urine, which is undesirable for cystitis.
Zinc is a mineral that is beneficial for the immune system. It has disinfectant properties. It is recommended for use in the presence of infection and for its prevention.

In addition to the above vitamins, cranberries are recommended for trigonitis. They are a natural remedy for urinary tract diseases. They reduce the number of bacteria that provoke the inflammatory process. Garlic is a natural antibiotic, which is also necessary for cystitis. It is active against many viruses and bacteria (E. coli, staphylococcus, proteus, klebsiella), which cause inflammation. Echinacea has medicinal properties. It increases the number of leukocytes in the blood and increases their activity to destroy viruses and bacteria.

Physiotherapy treatment

To eliminate cervical cystitis, not only drug therapy is used, but also physiotherapy. Physiotherapy is a complex of methods of physiological and therapeutic effects of various factors (natural, artificial) on the human body. Heat, vibration, and ultraviolet are used for treatment. Most often, patients undergo the following procedures:

Electrophoresis.
Ultrasound treatment.
Paraffin and ozokerite applications.
Installation of medicinal products.
Inductothermy.
Dynamic currents.

This treatment is considered painless and safe, as it puts minimal stress on the body. Physiotherapy is aimed at:

Increased blood flow.
Acceleration of mucous membrane regeneration processes.
Elimination of pain.
Reduction of inflammatory processes.
Relaxation of spasmodic muscles.
Releasing pinched nerve endings.
Softening of adhesive structures.

Such treatment can be carried out only after the acute inflammatory process has been eliminated, since thermal and other procedures increase the activity of inflammation. The main contraindications to physiotherapy are:

Feverish condition.
Tumor formations.
Current intolerance.
Inflammatory and purulent processes in the body.

Let's consider the most effective physiotherapeutic methods used for cervical cystitis:

Anti-inflammatory procedures

Magnetophoresis – medications are introduced into the mucous membrane of the bladder using a magnetic field.
Electrophoresis – electric current stimulates ions that deliver the medicine to the affected tissues. This procedure relaxes, fights inflammation, stimulates local metabolism and accelerates regeneration processes.
Pulsed electroanalgesia – various current frequencies are used, which have an anti-inflammatory effect and reduce spasms. Pulses resolve edemas, normalize tissue structure.
Inductothermy – the affected tissues are affected by electric current. The procedure improves blood supply and the functioning of the urinary tract, and promotes vasodilation.
Ultrasound of different frequencies – with its help, massage of inflamed internal organs is performed, local immunity is increased and blood circulation is improved. The procedure has an anti-inflammatory effect, as it destroys pathogens.

Muscle relaxation methods

Heat therapy – the area of the diseased organ is affected by heat applications. Paraffin and ozokerite are used for the procedure. The session lasts about 25 minutes, the course of treatment is 10 procedures.
Infrared irradiation – increases blood flow and temperature of affected tissues, reduces muscle spasms.

Ultrasound procedures

Vibrotherapy – the affected part of the body is exposed to low-frequency current. This treatment has an analgesic effect and improves blood circulation.
Peloidotherapy is a treatment using mud tampons (for women) or applying a layer of mud to the affected area (for men). The procedure lasts 30-45 minutes, the course of treatment consists of 10-15 sessions.

Analgesic therapy

Diadynamic therapy – used to eliminate acute pain. Current is used to achieve a vibration effect.
MWUV irradiation (medium-wave ultraviolet radiation) is a blockade of nociceptive conductors.

Diuretic methods

Amplipulse therapy – used to remove pathogenic flora. Increases bladder tone and relaxes the inflamed sphincter.
Mineral sitz baths – sodium chloride and iodine-bromine baths are used for treatment. This method is recommended to be combined with drinking radon water, as well as low-mineral, chloride and sulfate waters, which contain useful substances.

Physiotherapeutic treatment for cystitis is carried out only as prescribed by a doctor. As a rule, such therapy is used in combination with other therapeutic methods to achieve a lasting therapeutic effect.

Folk remedies

There are many alternative methods of treating cervical cystitis. Traditional treatment is effective for both acute and chronic forms of the disease. The following folk remedies are especially popular:

To prepare a diuretic and anti-inflammatory mixture, take in equal proportions (5 g each): thuja shoots, birch buds and hernia. Pour 1 liter of boiling water over all the ingredients and let it brew until it cools, then strain and take ½ cup 2-3 times a day.
Take a handful of salt or sand and heat it in a frying pan. Pour it into a cloth bag and apply it to your stomach just below your navel.
Dill seeds have bactericidal properties. They minimize pain and inflammation. Grind a tablespoon of dry dill seeds thoroughly and pour 250 ml of boiling water over them. Wrap the container with the infusion until it cools. Take 2 glasses 1-2 times a day.
To relieve spasms of the sphincter and stop the inflammatory process, you can use chamomile. Pour a glass of boiling water over a tablespoon of dried flowers and let it brew for 20-30 minutes. Strain and take 50 ml 3-4 times a day. If you add essential oils to the infusion, it can be used for sitz baths.
Pour a glass of boiling water over a tablespoon of fresh or frozen raspberries. Drink the drink as tea 4-6 times a day. Treatment should be carried out for 1-2 months with a 10-day preventive course every month. This recipe is approved for pregnant women and during lactation.

Folk treatment of trigonitis can only be used as an additional method to the main therapy.

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Treatment of cervical cystitis with herbs

Another popular method for eliminating inflammation of the urinary system is herbal treatment. Phytotherapy is used as an adjuvant in acute cystitis or its exacerbations.

The main properties of medicinal herbs:

Increasing the therapeutic properties of essential medications and reducing their side effects.
Strengthening the protective properties of the immune system, immunomodulatory effect.
Increased diuresis and flushing of pathogenic flora from the body.
Reduction of pain syndrome due to relaxation of the smooth muscles of the affected organ.
Moderate laxative effect and reduction of intoxication of the body.
General strengthening effect on the body.

Popular herbal treatment recipes:

Take 10-20 g of walnut shells and pour a liter of water over them. Boil the remedy until the liquid is reduced by half. After cooling, strain. Take 50 ml 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment is 1-2 months.
Take 50 g of lingonberry berries or leaves and pour 500 ml of boiling water. It is better to brew the infusion in a thermos or let it brew in a well-wrapped container for an hour. Take ½ cup of the remedy 20 minutes before meals 2-3 times a day. Duration of therapy is 2 months. This recipe is allowed during pregnancy.
Pour 200-250 g of oat straw with 3 liters of water and boil over medium heat for 30-40 minutes. The resulting product should be filtered. The decoction can be taken orally 50 ml 3-4 times a day or used for warm sitz baths lasting 5-20 minutes.
Pour 500 ml of boiling water over 20-30 g of flax seeds and 10 g of fennel leaves (fruits) and let it brew for 2 hours. Strain the remedy and take ½ cup 2-3 times before meals for 5 days. The course of treatment is 1 month. This recipe is prohibited for cholelithiasis.

Herbal treatment of cervical cystitis is contraindicated in the presence of allergic reactions to the components of the mixtures, as monotherapy in severe cases of the disease. Treatment should be carried out with special caution during pregnancy and lactation.

Homeopathy

Treatment of urinary tract inflammation can be done using homeopathic medicines. Homeopathy is an alternative form of medicine that uses diluted drugs that cause painful symptoms. The main principle of this method is "like cures like".

When choosing a homeopathic remedy for the treatment of cervical cystitis, the doctor is guided by the following factors:

The causes of the pathological process are a weakened immune system, hypothermia, infectious invasions, etc.
Features of inflammation – the severity of painful symptoms and the frequency of their occurrence.
The nature of the pain is aching, sharp, stabbing, cutting, burning.
Localization of pain sensations: in the lower abdomen, in the lumbar region, in the genital area.
The time of pain occurrence – during or after urination, constantly, in the morning or evening.
The position of the body in which the pain syndrome is most pronounced - lying down, sitting, during physical activity, while walking.
Associated symptoms and their nature include drowsiness, general weakness, irritability, increased sweating, etc.
Presence of chronic diseases.

There are about 500 homeopathic remedies for the treatment of trigonitis. Let's look at the most popular and effective of them:

Apis – cystitis develops against the background of kidney disease. Cutting and burning pains run along the entire urinary tract. Incontinence of urine, urine has a specific smell, there are blood impurities and increased protein content.
Berberis - frequent urge to urinate, pain in the pelvic area, sharp pains in the kidneys that flow into the ureters and bladder. There is a burning sensation when urinating.
Cantharis – severe burning and problems with urination due to fluid retention.
Dulcamara – the inflammatory process occurs with purulent complications. There are blood impurities in the urine, frequent urge to go to the toilet.
Digitalis – pulsating pain in the bladder and frequent desire to empty the organ. Relief occurs in a lying position.
Sepia – is prescribed for a weakened sphincter, when urine flows out spontaneously when sneezing, coughing, laughing or making sudden movements. There are burning and pulling pains in the lower abdomen.
Equisetum – constant desire to urinate, but very little fluid is released. Urine is dark, possible admixtures of mucus and blood.

The above-mentioned drugs are prescribed by a homeopathic doctor, individually for each patient. The doctor selects the necessary dosage and determines the duration of the course of treatment.

Surgical treatment

Surgical intervention for inflammation of the bladder neck is performed in very rare cases. Surgical treatment is aimed at correcting anatomical changes and eliminating the causes of urodynamic disorders.

Transurethral resection and internal urethrotomy are indicated for severe hyperplastic changes in the tissues of the neck of the affected organ. The operation allows for the restoration of normal anatomy.
Meatotomy is an operation to eliminate stenosis, that is, narrowing of the external opening of the urethra.
Transurethral electrovaporization – is performed in the chronic form of the disease. Inflammation of the bladder neck is accompanied by damage to the proximal part of the urethra.
Hymenoplasty is a surgical procedure to free the urethra from adhesions with the hymen. During the procedure, hypermobility of the external opening of the urethra is eliminated by suturing.

In the gangrenous form of inflammation, excision of necrotic tissues and subsequent organ plastic surgery are performed. The patient will undergo a long course of recovery with drug therapy and physiotherapy. In case of leukoplakia against the background of the inflammatory process, transurethral resection of the altered areas of the mucous membrane may be prescribed. If the disease occurs in the interstitial form and drug therapy does not give positive results, then subtotal resection of the bladder is performed with subsequent formation of an artificial organ from an isolated segment of the intestine.