Skin changes in rye: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Erysipelas is an acute inflammation of the skin. It occurs at any age, but older people are more likely to get sick.

Causes and pathogenesis of erysipelas. The causative agent of the disease is Staphylococcus aureus, group A streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenus). The gateway to infection is any damage to the skin and mucous membranes. The infection can enter through the hematogenous route. Risk factors include drug addiction, alcoholism, malignant neoplasms, chemotherapy, diabetes, exhaustion, and immunodeficiency states. Erysipelas can be a complication of various dermatoses, most often itchy ones. The incubation period is several days.

Symptoms of erysipelas. Some patients experience prodromal symptoms - malaise, loss of appetite, fever, chills. Patients complain of pain and tenderness when pressing on the lesion. On examination, the affected area is red, hot to the touch, edematous, shiny, slightly raised above the level of healthy skin. The boundaries of the lesion are clear, irregular in shape, the size can be very different. Sometimes blisters, erosions, suppuration are observed on the surface of the lesion. Circulatory disorders, necrosis and lymphangitis are noted. The pathological process is most often localized on the shin, but can also be located in other areas (face, torso). Regional lymph nodes are often enlarged and painful. Local complications of erysipelas include abscesses, phlegmon, skin necrosis, lymphadenitis, periadenitis, and general complications include sepsis, toxic-infectious shock, pulmonary embolism, and cardiovascular failure.

Differential diagnosis. Erysipelas should be differentiated from thrombophlebitis, varicose eczema, Quincke's edema, contact dermatitis, erythema nodosum, herpes zoster.

Treatment of erysipelas. It is advisable to hospitalize patients. Treatment depends on the severity of the disease, the degree of intoxication, the nature of local lesions and consequences. Antibiotic therapy plays an important role. Prescribe cephalosporins (0.5-1 g parenterally 2 times a day), sispres (ciprofloxacin) 500 mg 2 times a day, gentamicin, erythromycin (0.3 g 4 times a day), doxycycline (0.1 g 2 times a day), etc. In case of intolerance to antibiotics, furazolidone (0.1 g 4 times a day), delagyl (0.25 g 2 times a day) are indicated. A good effect is noted when non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (voltaren, ibuprofen, etc.) are added to the treatment, and vitamins A, C, and group B are prescribed in combination. In severe cases, detoxification therapy is performed (hemodez, trisol, rheopolyglucin). Locally, antibiotic ointments, 5-10% dibunal liniment, etc., and physiotherapeutic procedures (UV radiation, infrared laser, etc.) are prescribed.

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