Examination of the body

Cervical (suboccipital) puncture

Cervical or suboccipital puncture can be used in the presence of contraindications to the usual lumbar puncture (for example, in the infectious process in the lumbar region).

Hearing test

When examining deafness, determine the side of hearing loss, its degree and cause. At inspection of such patient it is necessary to solve at least two questions: whether this deafness is curable or not and whether it is a symptom of some other lesion (for example, neuroma of the auditory nerve).

Ear research

The cartilage of the auricle develops from six tubercles. If its parts do not merge densely with each other, fistulas (usually a small fistula in front of the goat) or additional ears (cartilaginous bodies located between the corner of the mouth and the goat) can form.

Eye examination

First of all, pay attention, are the eyes the same size? Look, whether the eyelids are symmetrical and whether their retraction is normal when looking up. Ptosis is the descent of the upper eyelid and the absence of normal retraction when looking up.

Joint diagnostics

The examination (diagnosis) of the joints is carried out at a different position of the patient (standing, sitting, lying, as well as walking), while observing a certain order.

Bone examination

When examining the bone system (bones), first of all pay attention to the patient's complaints. So, sharp, suddenly appeared pains after a trauma can testify about fractures of bones; dull, gradually increasing pain in the bones are often associated with some kind of inflammatory process; persistent, debilitating, often clearly localized pains occur with metastases in the bones of malignant tumors.

Investigation of the neuropsychic sphere

A full-fledged study of the patient's neuropsychic status can be carried out only if the doctor knows the symptomatology of nervous and mental illnesses well, knows well the special research methods used in neurology and psychiatry.

Muscle Examination

A detailed study of the muscular system, including the detection of various disorders of development, tone, muscle strength, the functions of individual muscles, is usually conducted by a neurologist and is therefore studied in detail in the course of neural diseases.

Diagnosis of the endocrine system

The endocrine system includes endocrine glands that secrete the corresponding hormones into the blood. These glands include the pituitary gland, the thyroid gland, the parathyroid glands, the islet apparatus of the pancreas, the adrenal glands, including the cortical and medulla, the testes, the ovaries, the epiphyses, the thymus gland (thymus).

Blood test

A number of human diseases are accompanied by a variety of disorders of the blood system, the clinical manifestations of which often completely coincide with the symptoms of the actual blood diseases, specifically studied by hematologists. These signs reflect the violation of erythropoiesis (accompanied by a decrease in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin), leukopoiesis, thrombocytopoiesis.

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