Polyps in the gallbladder: is it dangerous, how to treat without surgery with folk remedies

Polyps are benign small formations that are often found on the walls of many internal organs. For example, polyps are often diagnosed in the gallbladder. This is a very specific pathology that is difficult to detect and no less difficult to treat.

Most often, such formations have a spherical configuration and represent a benign proliferation of the mucous tissues of the organ.

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Epidemiology

An unknown formation in the gall bladder was first discovered by the German pathologist R. Virchow, and this was back in the 19th century. Another scientist at the same time managed to examine the pathology in detail under a microscope and describe it. Since then, the main cause of the disease has been considered a disorder of fat metabolism in the body.

The second wave of polyposis research began when a new type of diagnostics was introduced into practice – ultrasound scanning.

According to the latest statistics, 6% of people have growths in the gallbladder cavity. Moreover, the disease is most often detected in women over 35 years of age.

In male patients, cholesterol formations are mainly found. In women, hyperplastic inclusions are predominantly found.

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Causes gallbladder polyps

As it turns out, a violation of fat metabolism is not the only possible reason for the formation of polypous formations. They can also arise under the influence of other causes and factors:

• genetic disorders, burdened heredity (there have already been cases of polyps in the family);
• infectious and inflammatory diseases of the biliary system;
• metabolic disorders;
• bile duct dyskinesia, other pathologies of the liver and biliary system.

Risk factors play an important role in the development of the disease and should be considered in more detail.

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Risk factors

• Hereditary predisposition is probably the most common factor in the development of the disease. First of all, this applies to adenomatous formations and gall papillomas. At the same time, if there were cases of benign polyposis in other organs in the family, then the risk of developing a growth in the gallbladder also increases.

Heredity is also of great importance for the development of diseases, complications of which are polypous growths. For example, such a disease is considered to be dyskinesia of the biliary system.

• Infectious and inflammatory diseases, such as cholecystitis, occur against the background of bile stasis, which is the trigger for the development of bile growths. A gallbladder polyp with cholecystitis is a relatively common occurrence. During the inflammatory reaction, the organ wall thickens, its shape and structure are disrupted. As a result of the listed changes, bile stasis occurs, which leads to pain, dyspepsia, and belching. The consequence of this reaction is the growth of granulation in the walls of the gallbladder, which becomes the primary cause of the formation of post-inflammatory polypous structures.
• Metabolic disorders most often affect the formation of cholesterol formations. Over time, these formations increase in size and undergo calcification. Such processes are the result of a disorder of lipid metabolism, when an excess amount of cholesterol circulates in the blood. Excess cholesterol is deposited inside the walls of not only blood vessels, but also the bile system. Bile already contains cholesterol: if bile stagnation occurs, its excess is soon deposited inside the bladder.
• Dyskinesia of the bile ducts causes dysfunction of the biliary system while maintaining the normal structure of the organ. Dyskinesia is accompanied by a failure of the contractile ability of the gallbladder, which complicates the entry of bile into the duodenum: the secretion of bile no longer corresponds to certain digestive processes. The patient notes symptoms such as nausea after eating (especially after eating fats), pain, and weight loss.

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Pathogenesis

As already mentioned, polyposis is a polyetiological disease, that is, it can have many causes for development.

The gallbladder has a three-layer thin wall, which consists of an outer membrane, a muscular layer and mucous tissue.

Mucous tissue lines the internal walls of the organ: it is on it that polypous formations are formed. This tissue forms multiple folds, it is penetrated by glands and covered with a single layer of epithelium.

Polypous formations, in turn, can be true or so-called “pseudopolyps”:

• true polypous formations are formed as a result of excessive growth of the epithelium;
• "pseudopolyps" are of cholesterol or inflammatory origin.

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Symptoms gallbladder polyps

Symptoms of polypous neoplasms are not always characteristic and specific for this disease. The severity and variety of symptoms depend on many factors: the localization of the formation, its multiplicity, size, etc.

It is dangerous if the polypous node is located in the cervical part of the bladder or inside the duct: in such a situation, there is a risk of blocking the bile duct, which will cause jaundice.

In other localizations of the pathology, symptoms may be hidden or weakly expressed.

The first signs of polyps in the gallbladder are most often the following:

• dull pain on the right side near the ribs (may be cramping), especially after eating fatty foods, after episodes of overeating, after drinking alcohol, after stress;
• jaundice, in which the skin, mucous membranes and sclera acquire a yellow tint (jaundice is often accompanied by itchy skin, bouts of nausea and even vomiting);
• colic-like pains – sharp, abrupt, reminiscent of hepatic colic in cholelithiasis (often indicates torsion and strangulation of the polyp stalk);
• the appearance of a bitter taste in the mouth, morning sickness, periodic unexplained vomiting.

It is worth noting that in most cases polypous inclusions do not manifest themselves in any way: they are discovered by chance, during the diagnosis of other diseases. Only when the formation increases to a significant size, or with the development of complications, the above-described clinical picture is detected.

• A polyp of 3, 4, 5, 6 mm in the gallbladder is considered a small formation and in most cases does not manifest itself with any external signs. Such growths are not removed surgically: they are monitored. If the node increases by more than 2 mm per year, then the question of its removal may be raised.
• A polyp in the gallbladder duct can cause blockage of the duct, which will manifest itself as mechanical jaundice, which is the result of an increase in the bilirubin content in the bloodstream. What symptoms are characteristic of jaundice: yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes, skin itching, paroxysmal nausea. Auxiliary signs may be: darkening of urine, joint and muscle pain, increased body temperature.
• Pain associated with polyps in the gallbladder is usually clearly localized: this is the area of the right hypochondrium, that is, the projection site of the liver and biliary system. The pain can be dull and aching, but most often it is cramping, spasmodic, and when the polypous stalk is pinched, it is colic-like (sharp, sudden and strong). With this type of pain, the patient is always restless, he cannot find a place for himself and often changes his body position in search of the most comfortable position.
• Diffuse changes in the pancreas and gallbladder polyp are often diagnosed in combination with each other. Most often, such changes are accompanied by cholecystopancreatitis - a combined inflammation affecting the pancreas and biliary system. In addition to inflammation, age can also be the cause of diffuse changes: in this case, the echogenicity of the pancreas may remain normal, and the patient will not present any complaints.
• Diarrhea with gallbladder polyps is probably the most common symptom, along with nausea and vomiting. Diarrhea occurs due to stagnation and disruption of bile secretion. This leads to the fact that food in the intestine is poorly digested: bile is needed for normal absorption of fats. As a result, digestive disorders occur - diarrhea.
• The temperature with gallbladder polyps may remain normal, but in the presence of inflammation in many cases it increases. A prolonged subfebrile temperature (can be observed for months) often indicates the presence of a chronic inflammatory process - cholecystitis. With hepatic colic, the temperature can rise sharply to about +38 °. However, this symptom is atypical, since in many patients the temperature indicators remain unchanged. The presence of a polyp in itself does not affect the change in temperature values.

Psychosomatics of gallbladder polyps

Polypous nodes themselves are not considered psychosomatic disorders, but they can be a consequence of such disorders. Thus, many neoplasms develop as a result of inflammatory processes, dyskinesia, circulatory disorders and trophism in the organ. Therefore, it cannot be said that psychosomatics does not play any role in the mechanism of formation of polypous inclusions.

Many diseases are acquired by a person as a result of stress, frequent conflict situations, dissatisfaction with life, fears, etc. Experts claim that people who experience or suppress negative emotions tend to "direct" them inside the body, which leads to the emergence of diseases. In addition to polyposis, such patients may suffer from gallstone disease, colitis, depression and panic attacks.

One of the conditions for high-quality treatment of polypous formations is the absence of stress and mental peace, supported by a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition.

Gallbladder polyp in men

Cholesterol inclusions are most often found in male patients, and already in old age. The causes are cholesterol deposits accumulated over the years, which increase over time and become permeated with calcium salts (calcified).

According to statistics, men are more prone to obesity and nutritional disorders than women, so they are more likely to have lipid metabolism disorders. When the amount of cholesterol in the blood increases, it is deposited inside the vascular walls and in the biliary system. If the patient simultaneously suffers from bile stasis, the risk of polypous growths increases several times.

In the vast majority of cases, cholesterol polyps do not cause any symptoms in the patient, so the patient seeks medical help only when there are significant cholesterol deposits.

Polyps in the gallbladder during pregnancy

Most doctors agree that if there is a polypous inclusion in the biliary system, it should be treated (removed) before planning a pregnancy. The point is that during the period of the strongest hormonal changes, the risk of malignant degeneration of the polypous formation increases. That is, how the growth will behave is unknown. It is also risky to perform surgery on a pregnant woman.

But what to do if a polypous node was detected during pregnancy? Here the answer cannot be unambiguous. Most often, specialists decide to observe the pathology, control the growth of the formation. If necessary, they prescribe surgical treatment, but after the birth of the baby.

Gallbladder polyps in children

Polypous inclusions can be found not only in middle-aged and elderly patients, but also in children. They are most often detected in children under 10 years of age: the danger is that at an early stage of development, these formations are incredibly difficult to detect, and untimely diagnosis can lead to quite serious consequences: disruption of digestive processes, chronic pathologies of the digestive system, etc.

The appearance of polypous structures can be caused by many reasons. In children, pathologies associated with hereditary predisposition are mostly found.

Rarely does the disease cause any clinical manifestations in children: polypous nodes most often do not manifest themselves for a long time, and the initial signs may be similar to the symptoms of ordinary inflammation - cholecystitis. The diagnosis of polyposis is established only after a special diagnostic study.

Stages

In medical circles, it is common to distinguish three stages of polypous development, although this classification is conditional, and it is often quite difficult to determine the exact stage. We are talking about the following stages of development:

1. The first stage is considered initial, when the polyp is just beginning to develop. The patient does not feel any discomfort, the function of bile outflow does not suffer.
2. The second stage is characterized by significant tissue growth, with blockage of most of the bile duct or bladder. Bile outflow is difficult, but possible.
3. The third stage is a complete blockage of the duct or bladder lumen by a polypous growth. The outflow of bile becomes impossible.

The stage of the polypous process can be accurately determined using ultrasound examination. It is not easy to do this solely based on the presence of symptoms.

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Forms

• A cholesterol polyp of the gallbladder is considered a pseudogrowth - that is, it does not consist of organ tissue, but is formed from cholesterol deposits on the wall of the bladder.
• Adenomatous polyp of the gallbladder originates from the glandular epithelium covering the mucous tissues of the organ. Adenomatous growths are more likely than others to become malignant.
• A calcified polyp of the gallbladder is a polypous growth in which calcified salts have been deposited. Sometimes calcification affects not only the polypous node, but also the bladder wall (the so-called porcelain bladder), which is an extremely unfavorable condition that can degenerate into a cancerous tumor.
• A small polyp of the gallbladder is a growth whose size does not exceed 6-8 mm (in some cases – up to 10 mm). Such growths are often treated conservatively, without resorting to surgical intervention.
• Multiple polyps in the gallbladder, especially hereditary ones, are also called diffuse. In this situation, malignant neoplasms develop at the site of multiple polyposis in 80-100% of cases.
• A polyp on a stalk in the gallbladder is considered the most favorable, since it almost never degenerates into a malignant tumor. However, such a growth can also be dangerous: it can provoke bleeding, can twist, become strangulated, which will require urgent surgical intervention.
• A parietal polyp of the gallbladder is tightly attached to the wall of the organ and has a wide base (not a stalk). Such a growth is most often recommended to be removed: there is a high risk of malignancy of the formation.

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Complications and consequences

Complications with polypous formations in the gallbladder are not uncommon, for example:

• a polyp can degenerate into a cancerous tumor (malignancy);
• the polyp stalk may twist (if there is a polyp “on a stalk”);
• The polyp may enlarge and block the bladder cavity.

It is very difficult to control the growth of a gallbladder polyp: the disease is often detected when the formation has become so large that it blocks the lumen of the organ. It is especially dangerous if the polyps are multiple: they gradually fill the entire space of the bladder. This leads to the fact that bile begins to accumulate, digestion is disrupted, and bile enters the bloodstream. As a result, the patient develops jaundice - a condition in which the skin and sclera turn yellow. In addition, the urine becomes dark, and itching of the skin develops.

Can gallbladder polyps disappear? Indeed, they can. But this does not happen very often: formations that do not exceed 10 mm in size and the polyp itself has a stalk can disappear. Polypous formations with a diameter of more than 10 mm, located on a wide base, are not prone to self-elimination and have a higher chance of developing into a malignant tumor.

Even if the gallbladder polyp has resolved, the patient undergoes control examinations once every 6 months, 2-3 times, to ensure that the disease does not recur.

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Diagnostics gallbladder polyps

Diagnostics is often limited to ultrasound and endoscopy. Additionally, laboratory tests may be prescribed.

• Tests that a doctor may prescribe to diagnose polypous formations:

1. blood biochemistry most often indicates the presence of biliary congestion, the signs of which are an increase in bilirubin levels (more than 17 mmol/l), an increase in alkaline phosphatase (more than 120 U/l), an increase in cholesterol levels (more than 5.6 mmol/l);
2. Urine OA helps to detect bilirubin and a decrease in the concentration of urobilinogen (less than 5 mg/l);
3. coprogram shows a decrease or absence of stercobilin.

• Instrumental diagnostics usually includes ultrasound, endoscopy, and, less commonly, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography.

1. the use of ultrasound is the most common type of examination, which allows for a full assessment of the size and location of the polypous formation;
2. Ultrasonography is a combination of ultrasound and an endoscope, which are inserted into the lumen of the duodenum;
3. Magnetic resonance imaging is a more expensive type of diagnostics, which, however, allows us to examine even the smallest polypous growths.

• A gallbladder polyp on ultrasound is a light nodule or spot with darker surrounding tissues. The light spot has a growth direction from the wall into the cavity of the organ. The configuration of the neoplasm depends on the type of polyp: for example, if the growth has a stalk, then it is clearly visible visually. With multiple formations, a number of spots growing into the darkened cavity are determined on ultrasound.
• Echo signs of gallbladder polyp are determined by its type. Thus, with cholesterol or inflammatory neoplasm, an absolutely white spot is detected. With adenomatous growth, a darkened spot is visualized with lighter surrounding tissues.
• A hyperechoic gallbladder polyp is a neoplasm that has a higher density for ultrasound waves. As a rule, most polyps are hyperechoic formations.
• Gallbladder polyps can be examined more thoroughly on MRI. Most specialists resort to magnetic resonance imaging in cases where it is necessary to differentiate a true polyp from a papilloma.
• CT of the gallbladder in case of polyps is uninformative, therefore it is rarely used, mainly for differential diagnostics.

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Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnostics of polyps is extremely difficult, as is diagnostics of polyposis in general. Most often, polyps should be distinguished from malignant tumors, from calculous and acalculous cholecystitis, from parasitic diseases.

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Treatment gallbladder polyps

In most patients, polyp treatment involves surgical removal, as in many situations drug therapy does not bring the expected result. Medications may be useful for eliminating the underlying cause that could cause the development of polypous formations, as well as for eliminating painful symptoms. For example, antispasmodics and analgesics are appropriate for pain, and choleretic agents are taken for cholestasis.

If a patient is found to have elevated cholesterol levels, he will be prescribed treatment with special drugs that lower these levels.

Treatment of polyps in the gallbladder without surgery

It is possible to do without surgery only in case of polypous formations of cholesterol origin. For conservative treatment, the most frequently chosen medications are Ursofalk, Ursosan, Simvastatin, Holiver, and also the intake of Drotaverine and Gepabene is added.

In addition to cholesterol formations, drug therapy can be used in relation to polyps, the diameter of which is designated as no more than 10 mm.

The need for surgical intervention should be assessed by a doctor in each specific case: if the polypous node has a wide base and is large, then it must be removed.

Medicines: principle of action and use

Medicine	Operating principle	Dosage
Holiver	Increases bile secretion, improves bladder motility, prevents bile stasis. Not prescribed for biliary obstruction.	Take 2 tablets three times a day before meals.
Gepabene	Stabilizes the production of bile by liver cells and has an antispasmodic effect.	Take with food, 1 capsule three times a day.
Drotaverine	Eliminates spasms and pain.	Take 1-2 tablets if you feel pain and discomfort in the liver area.
Simvastatin	Stabilizes cholesterol levels in the blood.	Take 1 tablet once a day, at night.

• Ursosan is prescribed for polyps in the gallbladder only if the growth is of cholesterol origin. Other types of formations are not amenable to treatment with Ursosan. The drug reduces the content of cholesterol and lipoproteins in the bloodstream. Its function also includes the prevention and elimination of cholesterol deposits.

Ursosan is taken with a sufficient amount of water, at a rate of 10 mg per kg of the patient's body weight. The duration of the treatment course is 6-12 months.

Ursosan cannot be used for treatment in case of bladder destruction, duct obstruction, or if the polypous growth is of significant size – more than 2 cm.

• Ursofalk for gallbladder polyps acts as a cholesterol solvent - its action is similar to that of Ursosan. Both of these drugs are used only for the cholesterol nature of polypous structures. Ursofalk is taken for a long time, calculating the dose according to the formula 10 mg / kg of the patient's body weight. During the therapeutic course, the condition of the neoplasm should be periodically monitored.

• Allochol is prescribed for gallbladder polyps to increase bile motility and secretion. This drug is not suitable for treating patients with obstructive disorders - with obstruction or poor patency of the bile ducts. Allochol can be useful in the presence of endogenous bile acid deficiency. Allochol is taken 2 tablets three times a day, immediately after meals. Duration of administration is up to a month.

• Ovesol for polyps in the gallbladder helps eliminate biliary stagnation, remove stones, and restore the kinetics of the biliary system. Ovesol is a herbal preparation that belongs to the category of dietary supplements, so it has a soft, long-lasting effect and can be used for a long time. Drops are taken with water, 15-20 drops in the morning and evening (about ½ teaspoon). It is recommended to conduct three to four treatment courses per year lasting 1 month. Ovesol is contraindicated in case of complete blockage of the bladder or ducts by the growth.

Vitamins

The inclusion of vitamins in the treatment regimen for polypous formations plays an important role, helping to improve the quality of life of patients and blocking further growth of polyps.

At the initial stages of the disease, it is appropriate to take vitamin complex preparations. This may be Centrum, Vitrum, Complivit, Biomax, Alphabet, etc. No special vitamins are required at the initial stage of the disease.

Advanced polyps are usually treated in a complex manner, with the additional use of herbal and vitamin remedies along with drug and/or surgical treatment.

Doctors recommend paying attention to the following medications:

• Vitamin B ₂ – takes part in metabolic processes, helps deliver oxygen to cells.
• Rutin – protects vascular walls, eliminates swelling, improves blood circulation.
• Vitamin B ₆ – stabilizes the function of the nervous system and cholesterol levels in the body.
• Cocarboxylase – regulates carbohydrate metabolism, improves protein synthesis.
• Vitamin B ₁₂ – strengthens the immune system, improves protein metabolism.
• Ascorbic acid – accelerates the restoration of damaged tissues and the removal of toxins.
• Vitamin B ₉ – stabilizes hemoglobin levels, strengthens the immune system.

The listed vitamins can be used both as part of complex preparations and independently, for example, in the form of injections.

Physiotherapy treatment

Physiotherapy procedures are contraindicated in the case of exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis, in the presence of a single node in the biliary system, or in the case of widespread biliary polyposis.

After surgical treatment and removal of the gallbladder, mud therapy using sulphide, silt, peat, sapropel mud may be recommended; such therapy is advisable already in the early stages, 2-3 weeks after surgery.

Thermal treatments such as paraffin or ozokerite are not recommended either before or after surgery.

The use of mineral waters, therapeutic exercise, massage, and climatotherapy are permitted. Diet is mandatory.

Exercises for gallbladder polyps

It is very important for patients with polypous formations in the biliary system to review their physical activity. It is necessary to limit excessive motor activity, especially avoiding sudden movements. It is undesirable to lift weights or carry them, as these actions can cause the development of adverse effects.

As for therapeutic exercise, it is only welcomed with polyposis. You can independently, at home, perform a set of simple exercises that will alleviate the condition and normalize the function of the biliary system. Exercises are performed regularly, without missing a single day.

1. The patient lies on his back, brings his knees bent to his chest, clasps them with his arms. For several minutes he rolls left and right, forward and backward.
2. The patient continues to lie on his back: he bends his legs at the knees one by one and brings them to his chest.
3. Lying on his back, the patient draws in his stomach as much as possible, then relaxes it. The required number of repetitions is ten.
4. The patient stands with his legs shoulder-width apart. He rotates the upper half of his body alternately to the right and to the left.

If possible, a patient with polyposis is recommended to practice yoga and breathing exercises.

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Folk remedies

It is not recommended to start folk treatment of polyps in the biliary system if they are of significant size or have an increased probability of malignancy. It is better to discuss the possibility of using folk methods with your doctor in advance.

Traditional healers recommend eating 3-4 cloves of garlic at night to get rid of polyposis, washing it down with Borodinsky bread and unrefined sunflower oil.

In addition, puffball mushrooms have a good effect. You should collect fifteen old mushrooms with a diameter of about 3-4 cm and pour 100 g of vodka over them. The medicine should be infused for seven days in the dark, stirring it daily. There is no need to pre-wash the mushrooms. After a week, the mushrooms should be squeezed out, finely chopped and mixed with 0.5 kg of butter and three tablespoons of honey. The mass can be stored in the refrigerator, using 1 tbsp. 30 minutes after eating.

A mixture of aloe leaves, honey, butter and cognac is considered equally useful. This mixture is consumed half an hour after eating, washed down with a cup of hot green tea.

• Propolis for polyps in the gallbladder is taken in the form of a pharmacy alcohol tincture - one teaspoon per 30 ml of water, three times a day, 20 minutes before meals. The duration of such treatment should be two months, after which a two-week break is taken, and the course is repeated.
• Treatment of polyps in the gallbladder with soda involves taking a solution of baking soda, starting with 1/5 teaspoon per glass of water. The amount of soda is gradually increased, listening to the body's reaction. If digestion is disrupted, or other unfavorable symptoms appear, then the dosage is reduced, or treatment is stopped altogether.
• Honey for gallbladder polyps is recommended to be consumed not as food, but as medicine. Honey can be consumed on an empty stomach, mixed with aloe, calendula, butter, olive oil, knotweed and other medicinal ingredients. It is optimal to consume honey twice a day, a few minutes before meals.
• Beaver jet: treatment of gallbladder polyps is carried out using beaver jet tincture, which is taken one teaspoon three times a day for a month. After a month, the dosage is gradually reduced to five to six drops per day. The total duration of treatment is up to 3 months. Instead of tincture, it is allowed to use dry beaver jet powder, but in a very small amount - the size of a match head. The powder is added to tea or coffee, or rolled into a piece of bread crumb and swallowed.
• Triphala for polyps in the gallbladder helps cleanse and improve the digestive system. It stimulates bile excretion, lowers cholesterol levels, and destroys harmful bacteria. The composition of the Ayurvedic remedy triphala is represented by amalaki, haritaki, and bibhitaki. The optimal regimen is one or two tablets at night, once a day.

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Herbal treatment

The use of herbs to treat polyps in the gallbladder is possible only with small sizes of the formation. Large growths are removed only surgically.

Traditional healers advise paying attention to the following recipes:

1. Take 1 tbsp. of celandine and chamomile, brew in 200 ml of boiling water, leave overnight. Drink the medicine for a month, 1 tbsp. half an hour before meals. The course can be repeated after 10 days.
2. Take 1 tbsp. of tansy, 2 tbsp. of burdock, 1 tbsp. of calendula, elecampane and marigold, half a tablespoon of wormwood: brew 1 tbsp. of the mixture with 500 ml of boiling water, leave overnight. The medicine should be drunk hot, three times a day, 50 ml.
3. Pour 120 g of chaga with 500 ml of vodka and leave for two weeks. The medicine is added to tea three times a day, 1 tbsp., 30 minutes before eating.

• Treatment of gallbladder polyps with celandine is considered the most common. Medicines based on celandine are taken orally - however, one should be careful when using this method, as the plant is poisonous. Treatment should not last longer than 3-4 months. A repeat course is allowed only a year after the first course is completed.

A medicine based on celandine is prepared at the rate of 1 tbsp. of the plant per 200 ml of boiling water. The infusion is kept in a thermos for 1-2 hours. The medicine is drunk one third of a glass three times a day 15-20 minutes before meals. If the patient does not tolerate this dosage well (for example, diarrhea, nausea or difficulty breathing occurs), it can be reduced by taking 1-2 tbsp. of the infusion, dissolved in one third of a glass of water.

• Wormwood is especially effective for gallbladder polyps if the formation is caused by infectious inflammatory diseases of the bile excretion system. Wormwood has antimicrobial and hemostatic properties, and also prevents the degeneration of polypous growths into cancerous tumors. Wormwood is considered a very useful plant, but the bitterness of this herb does not allow it to be used to treat children. To get rid of polyps, it is recommended to use wormwood flowers, having previously rolled them into a ball of bread: such balls can be easily swallowed and not even feel the bitter taste.

For those who are not afraid of bitterness, this recipe is suitable: 1 teaspoon of wormwood is poured with 200 ml of boiling water and infused for twenty minutes. The resulting remedy must be drunk throughout the day.

• Celandine and chamomile have an anti-inflammatory and cleansing effect on gallbladder polyps: chamomile softens the effect of celandine, which can cause intoxication.

To prepare the medicine, steam one teaspoon of each herb in 250 ml of boiling water in a thermos and leave overnight. The next day, filter the medicine and drink 25-30 ml 30 minutes before each meal. Continue the treatment for two weeks, then take a break for 2-3 days. The total duration of treatment can be 2-3 months.

• Rose hips for gallbladder polyps are taken in the form of an infusion, however, not the fruits are used for its preparation, but the rhizomes of the bush. Brew one and a half tablespoons of crushed roots in 500 ml of boiling water, keep in a water bath for half an hour, then cover with a lid and leave for 2-3 hours. Then filter the infusion, squeeze it out and drink it warm, 50 ml 20 minutes before meals, up to 4 times a day. The optimal duration of such treatment is up to one month. If necessary, 10 days after the first course of treatment, you can start a second course.
• Flax seeds for gallbladder polyps have anti-inflammatory, softening, wound-healing effects, and also reduce blood cholesterol levels. Because of these properties, flax seeds are especially recommended for polypous formations of cholesterol origin.

Boil one tablespoon of flaxseed for 10 minutes in 300 ml of water, strain, cool to a warm state, add 1-2 teaspoons of honey. Drink the medicine 100 ml three times a day 5-10 minutes before meals.

Homeopathy

Homeopathic medicines are prescribed individually. However, there are a number of the most common homeopathic remedies that are used for polyps in the biliary system:

• Aconitum;
• Apis;
• Belladonna;
• Berberis;
• Bryony;
• Cuprum;
• Graphites;
• Kali carbonicum;
• Lepthandra;
• Magnesia phosphorica;
• Nux vomica;
• Sepia;
• Sulfur.

For treatment and prevention of complications the following is prescribed:

• Levicor, five granules daily for a month;
• Edas 113 – three drops in the morning and evening for a month;
• Hepatonorm – eight granules in the morning, afternoon and evening for a month;
• Berberis plus – eight grains three times a day for a month.

In order to determine the drug, its dosage and contraindications, you need to seek an in-person consultation with a homeopathic doctor specializing in gastroenterology.

Surgical treatment

Surgery is the only way to get rid of a gallbladder growth forever. This method has both positive and negative sides, because it is not possible to remove only the polyp: the surgeon will have to remove the entire bladder.

Experts recommend not to delay surgical intervention in the following cases:

• if the growth is large (more than 1 cm);
• in the presence of other pathologies in the biliary system (for example, stones or chronic cholecystitis);
• with rapid growth of the neoplasm;
• with multiple polyposis;
• with a high probability of malignant transformation of the formation.

• The operation for gallbladder polyp involves removing the organ and is called cholecystectomy. This intervention can be performed laparoscopically or using a classic incision. The second option is more traumatic and is rarely used today.
• Open gallbladder polyp removal involves making a surgical incision in the abdominal wall. Typically, the surgeon performs an oblique laparotomy at the edge of the costal arch, exposing the liver and gallbladder.

The operation is carried out in stages:

• the doctor makes several layered incisions;
• clips the vessels and bile duct;
• exposes the bladder, ligates it and performs resection;
• if necessary, removes nearby lymph nodes;
• sutures the incision according to the layers of tissue.

Open surgery is rarely performed: mainly when the polypous growth is multiple or has significant dimensions - more than 1.5-2 cm. Such intervention is performed under general anesthesia (intubation anesthesia). The patient's recovery period is at least 2 weeks. The stitches are removed a week after the surgery.

• Laparoscopy of gallbladder polyps is considered the most acceptable intervention due to its low trauma and rapid patient recovery in the postoperative period. Laparoscopy does not involve an abdominal wall incision: the surgeon makes several punctures into which special instruments and an endoscope are inserted to control the removal process.

General anesthesia is used during the operation.

Laparoscopy can be described step by step as follows:

• the surgeon makes 4 punctures and inserts instruments into the abdominal cavity through them;
• examines internal organs through an endoscope;
• ligates blood vessels and the bile duct;
• isolates the bubble and removes it using a special coagulator;
• removes the removed organ through a puncture.

After laparoscopy, the patient needs about 5-7 days to recover. Complications after the operation are practically excluded, healing occurs quickly, scars become invisible after a few months.

• Laser removal of polyps in the gallbladder also involves the use of laparoscopic access. In this case, the polypous growth is removed together with the gallbladder. In this case, the laser is used to dissect tissues, delaminate and coagulate vessels. The patient's recovery period after the laser removal procedure is no different from the same period after a regular laparoscopy.

Contraindications to laser resection may include: impaired blood clotting, large body weight of the patient (over 125 kg), pregnancy, obstruction of the bile ducts, widespread peritonitis.

Prevention

Preventive measures should be aimed at eliminating factors that contribute to the formation of polyps. For example, it is necessary to maintain normal metabolism in the body, prevent the occurrence of bile stasis and inflammatory pathologies of the biliary system and liver.

If a person has a hereditary predisposition to the appearance of gallbladder polyps, then it is recommended that he undergo regular diagnostics, monitoring the condition of the internal organs. It is preferable to conduct an abdominal ultrasound scan or MRI annually.

Any inflammatory processes in the digestive system should be treated promptly and fully. Self-medication, as well as the lack of adequate treatment, can lead to the emergence of various adverse effects - including the development of polyposis.

In addition, for prevention purposes, it is necessary to follow these rules:

• eat well, regularly, without overeating or starving;
• lead a healthy lifestyle;
• avoid stress and depression;
• eat enough plant foods, control the intake of fats and simple carbohydrates.

Thanks to a healthy lifestyle, you can prevent the development of many pathologies, including polyps in the gallbladder.

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Forecast

In case of small polypous formations that do not tend to increase and spread, the prognosis can be considered favorable: the patient's condition can be corrected with the help of periodic medical treatment courses. However, it should be taken into account that such a pathology is not always accompanied by any symptoms: often signs of problems appear only when the polyp reaches a large size, or even degenerates into a malignant tumor.

In order for the prognosis to remain favorable, it is necessary to contact a doctor at the first suspicious symptoms and undergo diagnostics; the sooner the doctor detects a polyp, the more positive the outcome of the disease will be.

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Will they take you into the army if you have a gallbladder polyp?

Young people who are diagnosed with malignant tumors definitely do not go to the army. But a gallbladder polyp is a benign tumor, so it is not a direct contraindication for military service. However, not everything is so simple.

Whether a conscript will be drafted into the army with this diagnosis depends on many factors. These include the type of polyp, its “age”, and its impact on the functionality of the biliary system.

As a rule, if a young man is diagnosed with a gallbladder polyp, he is granted a six-month deferment from conscription. If the diagnosis is subsequently confirmed and the doctor points out obvious problems with the liver and bile excretion system, the conscript may be exempted from service. If the health condition is determined to be satisfactory, the young man is called up on a general basis.

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