Occupational diseases

Any monotonous activity or specific profession is associated with a certain risk of undermining one's own health. Occupational diseases are inherent in almost any enterprise or institution, and the degree of morbidity largely depends on the level of a person's preparedness for the position held and for his or her workplace. Compliance with labor protection and safety requirements is also of great importance.

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Epidemiology

According to global statistics, 160 million people seek help every year for illnesses that occur due to professional circumstances.

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Causes occupational diseases

Professional pathologies develop as a consequence of the influence of certain negative production factors on the body. Very often the clinical picture does not differ in any symptoms, and only information about the profession and working conditions helps to assume the presence of a connection between the disease and the type of occupation. Only a small part of diseases has typical signs, which are detected mainly on an X-ray or after a blood test.

There is no single accepted classification of professional pathologies. The only type of division is the etiological classification. It divides diseases into several groups:

• caused by the influence of chemical substances (poisoning, toxic damage to the body);
• caused by inhalation of dust (respiratory diseases);
• caused by mechanical impact – vibration, noise, ultrasound;
• radiation-induced;
• caused by changes in air pressure (decompression, hypoxia);
• caused by changes in the environment (hypothermia, overheating);
• caused by excessive tension of muscles, joints and nerves (arthrosis, arthritis, myositis, neuritis, etc.);
• caused by biological influence of infection or parasites (fungal or bacterial diseases, specific infectious diseases).

A separate list includes diseases of allergic or oncological etiology.

In addition, a distinction is made between acute and chronic forms of occupational pathology.

• The acute form develops quickly, often after a single exposure to an unfavorable factor (for example, with an excessive concentration of chemical reagents).
• The chronic form develops with regular or constant exposure of a person to a damaging factor.

The time during which the negative impact accumulates in the body is called the latent period of professional pathology. Its duration is directly related to the degree of influence, working conditions, the initial state of the body, etc. Thus, for some patients the latent period lasts only 2-3 years, while for others it can stretch for several decades.

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Symptoms occupational diseases

In 2011, the textbook "Occupational Diseases - Kosarev V. V. and Babanov S. A." was published, in which the authors described in detail the types and course of occupational diseases. Initially, this book is a manual for students and doctors who study pathologies of various professions. The textbook examines the main signs and characteristics of diseases that are most often encountered in everyday life. These are diseases caused by exposure to dust particles, vibration, chemical reagents, etc.

The book describes the topics of pathologies associated with functional overstrain, with the influence of biological factors. Diagnostic schemes during routine medical examinations, as well as treatment and prevention options are assessed.

Professor Kosarev is the head of the Department of Occupational Pathologies at Samara State Medical University, as well as the chief occupational pathologist of the Ministry of Health of the Samara Region.

Occupational lung diseases

Professional pulmonary pathologies can be provoked by harmful microparticles, sprays, vaporous or gaseous substances entering the human respiratory system. How and where exactly the disease begins largely depends on the caliber and type of penetrating particles. The smaller the particles, the deeper they penetrate, being found not only in the lungs, but also in the circulatory system.

According to the etiological factor, occupational lung lesions are divided into the following types:

• Silicosis is a pneumoconiosis caused by the action of quartz microparticles containing silicon dioxide;
• silicosis is a pneumoconiosis that occurs when silicon dioxide enters the respiratory system in combination with other particles such as aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, etc. Silicosis is the result of inhaling particles of clay, talc, cement, etc.;
• metalloconiosis is a type of pneumoconiosis caused by metal dust;
• carboniosis – pneumoconiosis, the appearance of which is caused by the action of carbon dust contained in coal, soot, graphite, etc.;
• organic pneumoconiosis – occurs due to the inhalation of organic particles (plant components such as cotton, flax, reed, as well as agricultural dust);
• mixed pneumoconiosis – caused by mixed types of dust particles.

Occupational skin diseases

Skin diseases often appear in people whose professions involve direct exposure of the skin to various chemical and other aggressive substances, as well as regular mechanical damage to the superficial layers of the epidermis.

Occupational dermatological diseases include:

• changes in skin color, hyperpigmentation or discoloration (in people who work with bleaches, dyes and chemical reagents);
• changes in the structure of the skin when working with lime, cement, soot, etc.;
• disruption of the structure of the nail plates (observed in dishwashers, laundresses, and also in radiologists);
• pigment dermatitis (occupational disease of sailors, steelworkers);
• calluses and rough skin (in people engaged in heavy physical labor);
• spider veins (occur due to temperature changes – in steelworkers, bakers);
• superficial skin damage (occurs with direct damage to the skin - in builders, general workers, mechanics, etc.);
• burn scars (typical for bakers, foundry workers, blacksmiths).

Allergic reactions, the manifestation of which is allergic dermatitis, as well as infectious skin diseases, are also possible. For example, miners and auto mechanics are prone to eczema.

Occupational eye diseases

Occupational eye diseases can be caused by physical, biological and chemical factors. Thus, diseases of the visual organs often develop as a result of exposure to:

• radiation;
• chemicals and poisons;
• infectious agents and invasions.

There is no clear specificity of professional eye pathologies. However, such diseases are often accompanied by allergic reactions and intoxications.

Work activities characterized by regular and prolonged visual strain can lead to eye strain and, over time, to a deterioration in visual function. Constant sharp changes in lighting brightness or working in semi-darkness have approximately the same effect. The result is accommodation spasm and the development of myopia.

Professional disease of drivers

Occupational diseases of people who are forced to drive a car for a long time can be divided into several groups.

1. Diseases associated with prolonged monotonous sitting position (spinal diseases, arthrosis, chondrosis, radiculitis, hemorrhoids and prostate inflammation).
2. Diseases caused by frequent stressful situations (heart and vascular diseases, high blood pressure, heart rhythm disturbances, heart attack).
3. Diseases caused by improper and irregular food intake – for example, in truck drivers (ulcers, gastritis, enterocolitis, gallbladder disease).
4. Diseases that develop as a result of physical inactivity and metabolic disorders (diabetes, obesity).

The listed diseases appear due to typical working conditions, when the driver has to be in the same body position every day. In addition, stress caused by the situation on the roads, traffic jams, etc., also leaves an imprint on the state of health. This is where diseases arise that often remain with drivers for life.

Occupational diseases of doctors

The profession of a doctor is rightfully considered very important, responsible and difficult - one that is combined with a large number of nervous and moral stresses. Among narrow specialties, dentists, pathologists, radiologists, infectious disease specialists, as well as mid-level medical personnel are most susceptible to occupational diseases.

Occupational diseases of doctors can be divided into the following categories:

• Chemical-toxic lesions that occur as a result of prolonged exposure to iodine, camphor, arsenic, and ethers. Various poisonings and intoxications also fall into this category.
• Biological damage caused by close contact between health workers and patients who spread the infection. Primarily, this refers to highly contagious serious pathologies such as tuberculosis, viral hepatitis and HIV.
• Physical and mechanical damage that affects the health of medical personnel includes exposure to harmful radiation, electromagnetic waves, high frequencies, which can subsequently cause diseases of the nervous and cardiovascular systems.
• Hypodynamia and prolonged stay in a monotonous position, typical for surgeons and microsurgeons, can provoke the development of diseases of the spine, lower extremities and organs of vision.

Mid-level medical personnel, especially nurses who directly perform manipulations with patients, are susceptible to diseases such as various types of allergies, viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, HIV, etc.

Occupational diseases of dentists

Professional diseases of dentists include pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, nervous system, diseases of the spine and connective tissue.

A dentist sometimes has to work in extremely uncomfortable positions, in which the load on the musculoskeletal system increases many times over. This provokes increased fatigue, overload of muscles and tendons.

Also, dentists and dental technicians are prone to such a disease as silicosis. This problem occurs as a result of regular exposure of dental and cement dust to the respiratory tract. This same dust can get not only into the bronchi and lungs, but also into the eyes, which provokes the development of conjunctivitis.

Among other, less common dental diseases, one can highlight arthritis, muscle spasms, bronchial asthma, and dermatological diseases.

Professional diseases of teachers

The teaching profession involves education, training and social work, which significantly affects the health of teachers. In addition, excessive responsibility can lead to nervous system disorders. A teacher not only conducts lessons and extracurricular activities: he is involved in social events, often organizes various clubs and sections, and must also be able to communicate informally with students, understand their daily life and hobbies.

Teachers experience a lot of negative influences every day:

• Daily overload (irregular working hours, involvement in public events, extracurricular activities, etc.).
• Strain on the visual organs.
• Psycho-emotional overload (working with “difficult” children, finding a common language with students and their parents, etc.).
• Working in noisy areas.
• Risk of infectious diseases.
• When working with computer equipment, there is a risk of electromagnetic wave influence.

What professional diseases of teachers can we talk about?

• Impaired visual function, decreased visual acuity.
• Heart and vascular diseases, varicose veins, hypertension, VSD, etc.
• Diseases associated with stress and lack of diet – inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract, stomach ulcers, etc.
• Frequent colds, laryngitis, viral infections.
• Pathologies of the musculoskeletal system – diseases of the spine, osteochondrosis, arthrosis.

Neuroses, depressive states, migraines and other problems with the nervous system are common.

Occupational diseases of pilots

Of course, the profession of a pilot is not only romantic, but also a possible deterioration in health, especially for those people who have been flying for many years. Many pilots are forced to change their profession due to cardiovascular diseases. These are hypertension, venous weakness, vegetative-vascular dystonia, etc.

Of great importance for pilots is the state of the nervous system, the ability to react competently even in the most extreme and stressful situations. Any mental disorders, depressive states, neuropathies are indications for removing a person from flights.

In addition to all of the above, pilots can suffer from the same illnesses as flight attendants. These illnesses include:

• desynchronosis (failure of biorhythms in the body);
• digestive problems;
• pathologies in the genital area (decreased libido, asthenozoospermia, etc.).

In some cases, cerebral circulation may be impaired, and coronary diseases are also common.

Occupational diseases of flight attendants

The work of flight attendants is not only beautiful and interesting, but also quite dangerous, both physically and psychologically. This is a profession associated with frequent changes in atmospheric pressure, lack of oxygen, time zones, climate change, mechanical vibration, and improper diet. As a result, even the healthiest and youngest organism undergoes permanent changes.

Constant standing affects the condition of the lower extremities. Hence - varicose veins, arthrosis of the knee joints, etc.

Flight attendants also suffer from a rare disease called desynchronosis, which is a misalignment of a person's internal biorhythms. This condition develops with frequent changes in time zones, when the usual time of sleep and wakefulness changes abruptly.

The change of biorhythms also has a negative effect on the reproductive system. Flight attendants are prone to gynecological diseases that are expressed in hormonal imbalance. Among such diseases are amenorrhea, endometriosis, and hormonal infertility.

Professional diseases of ballerinas

Ballerinas and dancers often complain of increased sensitivity of the legs and joints. Indeed, the musculoskeletal system, and especially the lower limbs, is what bears the maximum amount of stress. At first, there is a disturbance of blood circulation in the legs. Then painful changes in the veins are observed: vascular networks, hemorrhages, and expansion of the vascular wall appear. Often after a rehearsal, the veins become more noticeable, they swell and hurt.

As varicose veins progress, constant fatigue, blood stagnation, and a feeling of heaviness appear.

In addition to damage to the venous vessels, dancers are also prone to joint problems, especially in the knees and ankles. Chronic arthrosis, myositis, and bursitis may develop with age. Significant stress on the spinal column provokes pain, osteochondrosis, and radiculitis.

Occupational disease of miners

A miner is one of the most dangerous and extreme professions. This is the constant presence of dust from coal and rocks, changing air composition, high concentrations of carbon dioxide, periodic presence of methane in the atmosphere, as well as inhalation of hydrogen sulfide, sulfur, explosive gases, etc. In addition, there is a high level of noise and vibration, and workers often spend a long time in unnatural forced body positions. A miner's work is hard and dangerous, and the risk of injury is almost constant.

Among the professional diseases of miners, the first place is occupied by pathologies of the respiratory system - pneumoconiosis, bronchitis, tuberculosis. In second place are injuries, diseases of the musculoskeletal system and organs of vision, as well as dermatological diseases.

When harmful gaseous substances enter the atmosphere, intoxication, pulmonary emphysema, and disorders of the autonomic nervous system often occur.

Professional diseases of programmers

According to statistics, the most common problem of people working at a computer is chronic fatigue syndrome. The fact is that time flies by at the monitor, the body is overloaded with information, as a result of which the brain simply gets tired. However, chronic fatigue is not the only disease inherent in programmers and computer scientists.

Arthritis and neuritis of the wrist joint, tunnel syndrome are pathologies caused by constant stress when using a computer mouse. An uncomfortable position of the hands initially provokes pain in the hand, after which joint disease gradually develops.

Is it worth talking about the constant lack of proper sleep, a sedentary lifestyle and irrational nutrition. Hence, such diseases as insomnia, hemorrhoids, gastritis, constipation and peptic ulcer.

Third place is occupied by visual impairments. Myopia develops especially often, because constant monitoring of the monitor has a negative effect on vision.

Occupational disease of welders

There is a whole list of diseases typical for people who work as welders. As a rule, pathologies appear as a result of inhalation of welding carbon deposits, sparks, due to light exposure, unnatural positions of the welder during work and the lack of high-quality conditions for occupational hygiene.

People who have worked as welders for more than 10 years may notice the development of the following diseases:

• bronchitis;
• pneumoconiosis;
• asthmatic bronchitis;
• eczema, dermatoses;
• neurotoxicosis;
• diseases of the spine.

Most of the diseases of welders are related to the fact that a person has to inhale not just air, but a harmful gaseous mixture, with a lot of chemical particles that inevitably get into the respiratory tract. Not only the bronchi and lungs suffer from this, but also the internal organs: the liver, the digestive system, and blood vessels.

Professional disease of hairdressers

Hairdressers - it would seem that the profession is not so dangerous, but it also carries a certain number of health risks. Regular inhalation of small hairs, chemical suspensions, microscopic dust from aerosols, as well as a constant standing position often negatively affects the health of workers in this specialty.

• Allergies in hairdressers are associated with the use of various dyes, fixing, straightening substances in their work, which in large quantities are very harmful to the body. Hence - allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, dermatitis, bronchitis and asthma.

• Varicose veins – chronic weakness of the venous walls – develops as a result of prolonged standing and increased stress on the lower limbs.
• Spinal diseases, osteochondrosis of the cervical and thoracic spine, radiculitis are the consequences of frequent bending over low chairs when serving customers.

In addition, a hairdresser does not always have the opportunity to eat normally at work, which can lead to digestive problems.

Occupational diseases among manicurists

Manicurists are not such an easy profession as it seems at first glance. Cleaning, modeling and coating nails in most cases are combined with certain harmful effects. This may include inhalation of chemicals and nail dust particles, overstrain of the eyes, hands and fingers, as well as direct contact with sick clients.

The manicure procedure is sometimes accompanied by damage to the surface layer of the skin, which can cause the client to bleed slightly. This may be enough to create a risk of infection.

A manicurist is susceptible to the following diseases:

• allergic reactions;
• respiratory diseases;
• hepatitis B, C, D;
• human immunodeficiency virus;
• fungal diseases of the skin and nails.

Occupational diseases of massage therapists

Various massage techniques do not always allow the massage therapist to take a comfortable body position, avoid tilting the head, and evenly distribute the load on the arms and hands.

Moreover, the work of a massage therapist in most cases requires constant standing. As a result, the following diseases may develop:

• arthrosis and epicondylitis of the shoulder joints – degenerative and inflammatory lesions of the tissues of the shoulder joint;
• tunnel syndrome - neuropathy of the carpal tunnel;
• tendon pathologies – tendinitis, tendovaginitis;
• osteochondrosis of the spine, radiculitis;
• congestion in the veins of the lower extremities.

Sometimes massage therapists use talc, powders, massage creams and oils in their work. Therefore, this can often also affect health: allergic reactions, dermatitis occur, and when inhaling powders and talc, there is a high risk of developing bronchial asthma.

Professional diseases of the cook

What pathologies can a cook encounter? A cook's job involves standing on your feet for a long time, with temperature changes, with overwork, etc. According to statistics, cooks often encounter the following diseases:

• pathologies of the lower extremities and blood vessels (varicose veins, thrombophlebitis);
• diseases of the spinal column (scoliosis, osteochondrosis);
• injuries, burns;

• poisoning;
• allergic reactions;
• diseases of the digestive system;
• metabolic disorders (obesity, diabetes);
• hypertension;
• dermatological diseases;
• rheumatism;
• cardiovascular pathologies;
• cold, sore throat.

A specific disease that is typical for people who are involved in tasting food and drinks is bridosti. Bridosti is a temporary or permanent loss of the ability to feel taste. This pathology can also include taste distortion, which can be associated with other, background diseases.

Professional diseases of porn stars

Actors who star in porn films are also a profession, despite the fact that many are skeptical about it. Are there professional pathologies in this area? Of course, yes. And, first of all, these are contact diseases that are transmitted sexually.

There was even a study conducted on this subject, which showed that up to 15% of porn stars suffer from chlamydia, and 5% suffer from gonorrhea. Among women who participate in the filming of porn films, more than 70% have some kind of venereal disease. By the way, a person who has had such a disease, in 26% of cases, risks getting sick again.

In addition to the listed pathologies, porn stars, like other people, are susceptible to diseases such as viral infections, laryngitis, colds, etc.

Professional diseases of pianists

Musicians who play keyboard instruments most often develop hand diseases - these are inflammations of muscles, joint bags, tendons, joints, etc. Such pathologies are accompanied by pain and limit the ability to play music.

If we list all the most common diseases of pianists, the list would look something like this:

• diseases of the upper limbs and shoulder girdle (epicondylitis, legamentitis, bursitis, myositis, tendovaginitis, arthritis, arthrosis);
• diseases of the spinal column (osteochondrosis, scoliosis).

However, most often pianists suffer from dyskinesia. This is a pathology that is otherwise called "coordination neurosis" - a disorder of motor coordination, combined with a slowdown in muscle response to excitation, or with muscle spasm.

Professional diseases of guitarists

Professional guitar playing is combined with increased load on the wrist and hand. This can provoke the development of some pathologies that negatively affect the function and mobility of the limb.

Professional illnesses of guitarists include:

• Osteochondropathy of the wrist joint is an aseptic necrosis of a bone element that occurs due to constant stress;
• deforming arthrosis is wear and tear of the joint;
• ligamentitis of the annular ligaments of the fingers is a lesion of the tendons and ligaments, leading to a disruption of the function of the fingers;
• bursitis is an inflammatory process in the joint capsule associated with a disruption in the production of lubrication;

• Dupuytren's contracture is a cicatricial transformation and shortening of the palmar tendons, palmar fibromatosis;
• hygroma is a collection of serous fluid in the synovial sac;
• neuritis is an inflammation of the nerve fibers of the limb;
• disturbances in the tone of the vessels of the extremities.

Occupational diseases of firefighters

The profession of a firefighter is always associated with danger and risk, including the risk of developing occupational diseases. A number of factors directly affect the health of a firefighter:

• increased likelihood of danger, which entails neuropsychiatric disorders;
• work at elevated temperatures;
• risk of poisoning the body.

External tissue damage, burns, electrical injuries, carbon monoxide poisoning - this is far from a complete list of pathologies inherent to firefighters. With age, this can lead to the development of serious and large-scale diseases:

• lung cancer and other organs;
• ischemic heart disease;
• aortic aneurysm;
• pulmonary pathologies (due to inhalation of harmful chemical compounds and hot air).

Many firefighters also have psychological problems that develop as a result of frequent stress. These may include depressive states, neuropathies, etc.

Occupational diseases of car painters

Most occupational diseases of auto painters are explained by constant contact with chemical dyes, adhesives, putties, etc., as well as stress on the upper limbs and back.

Diseases of the upper limbs are most often represented by epicondylitis - an inflammatory process in the elbow tendons.

Chemical components of paints, leveling mixtures and solvents can lead to serious intoxication of the body. With prolonged and constant use of chemicals, they can accumulate in tissues and organs, which can subsequently lead to cancer, dermatological problems, ulcers and respiratory system damage.

The most common diseases encountered by car painters are:

• bronchitis and bronchial asthma;
• conjunctivitis;
• allergic reactions;
• contact dermatitis;
• epidermitis;
• eczema;
• cancerous tumors.

Diagnostics occupational diseases

To correctly diagnose occupational diseases, doctors adhere to the following technology:

• When interviewing a patient, it is essential to clarify the details of his professional activities: the presence of harmful conditions, the degree of likelihood of injury, etc.
• It is important to collect detailed information about the patient's sanitary and other working conditions, objectively evaluate it and enter it into the medical history.
• It is imperative to conduct research:
  • instrumental diagnostics – X-ray examination, ultrasound, MRI, cavity visualization, etc., depending on the suspected disease;
  • tests – general blood and urine tests, biochemical analysis, examination of biopsy and secretions (fluid, pus, sputum, etc.): often, in cases of chronic intoxication, residues of the toxic substance are found in the urine.
• Before prescribing treatment, it is necessary to determine the patient's sensitivity to chemicals and drugs. For this purpose, skin, intradermal, endonasal and inhalation tests are carried out.
• It is advisable to also assess the health status of other people who work in the same conditions as the patient: this is considered an important diagnostic criterion.

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Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnostics should be based on reasons other than professional activity that could lead to similar existing symptoms. Sometimes only the establishment of dynamic control over the patient allows the connection of the disease with the patient's profession to be finally established.

Treatment occupational diseases

Treatment of occupational diseases is carried out in a complex manner, with an impact on the etiology and clinical picture of the disease. When exposed to toxic substances such as cyanides, nitro compounds, arsenic, etc., treatment is aimed at quickly removing toxins from the circulatory system. Only after this do they begin to eliminate the symptoms of poisoning. In severe intoxications, forced diuresis, hemodialysis, and plasma purification procedures may be indicated. If hypoxia is present, hyperbaric oxygenation is used: such treatment is especially relevant for chronic toxic lesions with changes in the lungs and bronchi.

For the treatment of occupational diseases, depending on the indications, such drugs as antibiotics, sulfonamides, glucocorticoid hormones, bronchodilators, cardiac and other drugs can be used. In case of chronic poisoning with metal compounds (lead, mercury, etc.), antidote therapy is prescribed using complex agents - succimer, penicillamine, pentacin. The use of antidotes accelerates the elimination of metals from the body.

In diseases of the nervous system, the emphasis is on improving blood circulation in the vessels of the brain, on activating metabolic processes. Vitamin, vegetotropic and nootropic agents are mainly prescribed.

For diseases caused by previous injuries, manual therapy, exercise therapy, reflexology, ultrasound, hydro- and electrotherapy, balneotherapy, traction, paraffin baths are successfully used. At the same time, it is recommended to balance the diet and get more rest.

Often, in cases of old injuries and dysfunction of joints, surgical treatment is used:

• osteotomy – an operation to correct deformation and improve the functionality of the musculoskeletal system;
• endoprosthetics – complete or partial replacement of a joint with implants;
• tendon repair and synovectomy.

The question of the need for surgery is decided on an individual basis, since in some cases after surgical treatment the patient needs to undergo extensive rehabilitation. Often there is a need to transfer the patient to another place of work, where there will be no current occupational hazards.

Homeopathy for occupational diseases

Homeopathic remedies often help restore the body's immunity without the use of chemicals. Homeopathy involves the use of only natural ingredients in preparations.

Taking homeopathic remedies helps to balance all functions in the body, including those related to the development of occupational diseases. At the same time, there are practically no side effects and contraindications.

For general strengthening of the body and for fighting diseases, both domestic and foreign-made products are actively prescribed:

• Digitalis Plus;
• Venum;
• Heel;
• Edas;
• The Bronze Horseman;
• Lomopsoriasis, etc.

For treatment, it is better to choose a remedy recommended by the attending physician and a homeopathic physician. In any case, traditional therapy should not be replaced by homeopathy: homeopathic remedies can only complement the main treatment.

Traditional treatment of occupational diseases

Is it possible to protect yourself from occupational diseases using folk methods? Indeed, there are many effective recipes that allow you to cleanse the body of harmful toxic substances, strengthen the immune system and eliminate the negative impact of external factors. For example, you can use herbal treatment, which is presented in the following recipes:

1. Mix 50 g of pomegranate flowers, the same amount of blackheads and pour a glass of water over everything. Boil and leave for 10 minutes. Filter. Add 50 ml of cognac to the cooled infusion and stir. Take a tablespoon in the morning.
2. Drink a decoction of soybeans, 100 ml per day.
3. Drink tea made from chicory and motherwort three times a day, 1 hour after meals.
4. Drink milk with ground garlic added to it at night, 150-200 ml.
5. Mix 20 g of aloe pulp, 30 g of badger fat, 5 ml of cognac and 10 g of cocoa powder. Take 1 tablespoon daily with warm water.
6. Prepare an infusion of 50 g of coltsfoot, 40 g of plantain and 50 g of knotweed (per 400 ml of water). Drink 150 ml 1 hour before each meal.

If occupational diseases are complicated by other pathologies or become chronic, then other folk recipes are used, aimed at eliminating a specific disease.

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Prevention

Occupational disease prevention measures must be observed at any enterprise. Such measures must be aimed at:

• improving the socio-economic situation of able-bodied people;
• establishing acceptable wages;
• strengthening social protection for workers;
• improvement of health protection measures, minimization of harmful and hazardous working conditions;
• increasing the social responsibility of employers, involving them in improving working conditions and ensuring the health of workers;
• Providing timely medical care upon request.

In turn, given their professional activities, any person should be attentive to their health and regularly undergo preventive medical examinations and check-ups. The prognosis of professional pathologies can be significantly improved if the patient seeks medical help in a timely manner.

Unfortunately, occupational diseases can make themselves known even several years after the end of a dangerous type of activity. Therefore, special attention should be paid to prevention methods.

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