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Muscles of the shoulder girdle
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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The deltoid muscle (m.deltoideus) is located superficially, directly under the skin, covers the shoulder joint from the lateral side, front, top and back, forms a characteristic roundness of the shoulder). This muscle is separated from the large pectoral muscle by the deltoid-pectoral furrow (sulcus deltoideopectoralis). The deltoid muscle has a pinnate structure and an extensive origin. It begins at the anterior margin of the lateral third of the clavicle, the outer edge of the acromion, on the awn of the scapula and the adjacent part of the subacute fascia. Accordingly, three parts of the deltoid muscle are distinguished: clavicular, acromial and scapular. Bunches of all three parts of the muscle converge on the outer surface of the humerus and attach to the deltoid tuberosity.
The muscular muscle (m.supraspinatus) is located in the paranasal fossa. It begins on the back surface of the scapula above the scapula and on the supragastric fascia. The bundles extend laterally. The muscle is attached to the upper surface of the large tubercle of the humerus; part of the bundles of the supraspinous muscle is weaved into the capsule of the shoulder joint. The subacute muscle (m.infraspinatus) begins on the back surface of the scapula below its awn and on the fascia of the same name. The muscle bundles, converging, run in the lateral direction and somewhat upward (behind the shoulder joint). The muscle is attached to the middle area of the large tubercle of the humerus. Some of the bundles are weaved into the capsule of the shoulder joint.
The small round muscle (m.terpes minor) begins on the lateral margin of the scapula and the subacute fascia; is attached to the lower area of the large tubercle of the humerus. It directly comes from below to the subacute muscle, behind it is covered by the scapular part of the deltoid muscle. The large round muscle (m.terpes major) begins on the lower part of the lateral margin and the lower angle of the scapula, on the subacute fascia.
The muscle bundles are directed medially and up along the lateral edge of the scapula, the humerus is traversed from the medial side below the level of its surgical neck. They are attached by a wide flat tendon to the crest of the small tubercle of the humerus, distal and somewhat posteriorly to the site of the attachment of the tendon of the latissimus muscle of the back.
The subscapular muscle (m. Subscapularis) is broad, thick, triangular in shape. It occupies almost the whole rib surface of the scapula. Has a fleshy origin on the surface of the subscapular fossa and lateral margin of the scapula. The flat tendon is attached to the small tubercle and crest of the small tubercle of the humerus. At the attachment site between the tendon and the capsule of the shoulder joint, there is a sucking bag of the subscapular muscle, which is usually communicated with the cavity of the shoulder joint.
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