Hematoma of the breast

The mammary gland requires special attention, because hemorrhage into a limited tissue space can provoke a "bad" pathology.

Hematoma - under this unusual word is hidden "ordinary" bruise, which everyone is well aware of since early childhood. But do not be so light-hearted about his appearance (in no dependence remember where you got it or not).

[1], [2], [3]

Causes of the hematoma of the breast

Hemorrhage in the human body can take place for various reasons, but the result is usually one - stroke, and as a consequence of the hematoma. Therefore, voicing the causes of hematoma of the breast, one can come to the conclusion that this is:

• A bruise of any origin. The accumulation of blood in a limited area can not lead to tumor neoplasms. If at the moment of impact only small vessels were damaged, in this case the bleeding is stopped on its own, and the components partially dissolve, and partially degenerate into cellular neoplasms of connective tissue. But it is worth remembering that blood is an excellent nutrient medium for vital activity and reproduction of pathogenic flora. Therefore, after a bruise, you must be especially careful not to let the infection into your body. After all, if a pathogenic flora hits a capsule of blood localized in the area of the breast, an abscess can develop and develop an abscess. This is an occasion to seek advice and an examination for a mammalog.

Nature has thought out the structure of the breast in such a way that it is sufficiently "shock-resistant", and in the case of a hematoma it is able to recover in a short period of time. But it also has a "weak spot" - a nipple or areola. If it is damaged, a woman can get a real pain shock.

• Rarely, but still there are open wounds of the breast: domestic injuries, the consequences of injection. In this case, it is necessary to prevent infection in the wound channel. This is where the hematomas are dangerous. Hostile microorganisms are capable of accelerating the inflammatory process, provoking the onset and progression of purulent infiltrates. It is this path of pathological development that represents the greatest danger. After all, it is the inflammatory process that can disrupt the normal functioning of the mammary gland, leading its cells to degeneration, and even to a tumor neoplasm.

However, it is believed that the real danger comes from hemorrhages of a large area, formed due to damage to a significant number of vessels.

[4], [5], [6], [7]

Symptoms of the hematoma of the breast

With a bruise, every person is familiar from childhood and confused with something else is problematic enough. But to voice the symptoms of the hematoma of the breast is still worth it.

• Usually, after a stroke, deep or subcutaneous hemorrhages can be observed - this caused damage to the capillaries, and the blood mass poured out into the tissue area. In this case, the hematoma has a clear outline. Gradually the cells begin to regenerate, the bruise loses its saturation and gradually dissolves. But there are situations when necrotic wounds are formed on the site of the hematoma. In addition, if the outflow of blood gets an infection, it can cause a rapid inflammatory process, suppuration, and in the worst situation, and abscess of the breast.
• After a bruise, a woman can feel pain and swelling in the area of the impact. These symptoms of the breast mammary gland are able to disturb their mistress for a long time.
• If the bruise has fallen on the milk ducts, then from the nipples can be observed discharge, both transparent liquid, and the sutures.
• In the place of the bruise, local densification can be observed, which, as a rule, does not degenerate into cancerous tumors, but bruises can become a provoking criterion, whose unambiguous role in the formation of a malignant tumor has not yet been fully studied.
• In the event that blood cells degenerate into tissue connections or necrotic fat cells form a scar, this development of pathology can lead to deformity of the breast.
• But the most important visual symptomatology, of course, is the change in the color of the skin, which changes due to hemorrhage.

[8], [9],

Forms

Hematoma after a puncture of the mammary gland

Any complications after the procedure are rare. One of these rare cases can be swelling or bruising after a puncture of the breast. But no serious consequences this hemorrhage has. Pathological changes are possible only in the case when the elementary rules of antiseptic have been violated, the second cause of the complications can be called the drop in the immune status of the patient. To minimize such complications, it is necessary about a week before the biopsy to stop taking aspirin and drugs belonging to the group of anticoagulants, which will improve the level of coagulation.

If during the passage of the biopsy the rules of the biopsy were violated, and the patient involuntarily jerked, in this case there is the possibility of traumatizing the walls of the chest and lung, which can provoke the development of pneumothorax (the process of air penetration into the pleural region). In practice, puncture biopsy of the breast is a rather innocuous procedure, with minor traumatism.

After a biopsy for a while, the sanguine will leave the wound after the injection. This is absolutely normal and does not require any medical intervention. Hematoma after a puncture of the breast can be reduced and at home, without recourse to medical help. It will help cryo compress or ointment with a special resorption effect, which can be bought at any pharmacy. If infection occurs (acute pain, hyperemia of the skin, temperature reaction of the body are felt in the mammary gland), it is necessary to take adequate measures as soon as possible. But they should be prescribed only by a mammologist, in the extreme case, an obstetrician-gynecologist. Avoid the unpleasant consequences of the procedure is quite possible, you just need to adhere to simple rules of antiseptics.

At the same time, puncture is the most informative method of determining the nature of the tumor, which is capable of giving a positive or negative answer about the cancerous nature of the cells. It is on its basis that the correct diagnosis is made and effective therapy is prescribed.

[10], [11], [12]

Diagnostics of the hematoma of the breast

In order to detect the emerging abnormality as early as possible, including hemorrhage, a woman must master simple methods of self-examination of her mammary glands. This technique is reduced to a sequential palpation of all sections of the gland and both axillary cavities. The purpose of manipulation is to verify the presence or absence of seals and neoplasms. Self-examination is one of the most important methods of examining a woman's mammary glands.

It is advisable to conduct an independent survey regularly, at least once a month. The most informative period is the time immediately before the "start" of the monthly or almost immediately after their termination. Self-diagnosis of breast mammary gland consists of the consistent performance of certain items.

1. It is necessary to stand in front of the mirror.
2. The right hand through the top is brought back (behind the back).
3. Fingers of the left hand feel the chest. We begin with the axilla and gradually approach the nipple in a spiral.
4. Having made an audit of the entire surface of the breast of the right breast, go to the diagnosis of the left and do the same manipulations.

If the fingers have found any deviation: a foreign knot or seal, a malfunction in the venous pattern, a deformation of the skin, or an entrainment of the nipple - such openings should be the reason to immediately seek medical advice from a mammologist. He will again examine the patient and prescribe an additional examination. Especially both the doctor and the woman herself should be alerted by the discharge that is observed from the nipple (this may be a symptom of cancer development of the tumor).

After palpation of the breast, a mammologist sends a woman for an additional examination. Usually this is an ultrasound examination of the mammary glands of a woman and a mammogram. With the help of modern equipment, hematoma can be observed quite clearly on the computer screen, other neoplasms are also perfectly diagnosed.

[13], [14], [15]

Treatment of the hematoma of the breast

If a woman has received a chest injury, then first aid must be provided immediately in place. The breast should be immediately fixed using a compressive bandage. The injured breast must be immobilized in a raised position. The second step, which involves the treatment of a mammary gland is the application of cold to the site of the injury. Compress, with the use of ice, it is necessary to keep about half an hour. Such a simple method will make it possible to stop further bleeding, since under the influence of cold capillary vessels narrow. Dull and pain.

It is worth noting that the "ice" compress at the breast should not be kept constantly. To prevent tissue hypothermia, ice is taken from the breast every five minutes and after a slight break is again applied. If the blow fell on the nipple, then the woman is able to experience a painful shock, but even in case of another localization of the bruise, the pain symptomatology can still pester the victim. In this case, the doctor, mainly, appoints a retromammary blockade. In this case, it is used as a method of local anesthesia. The procedure itself consists of several stages:

• On the mammary gland three places are selected: in the lower extremity, in the upper and lateral outer region. In a syringe, 0.5% solution of novocaine is taken and administered subcutaneously.
• Then, the long needle is carefully brought to the retromammary space and 50 ml of novocaine (0.25% solution) are fed into each of the three zones.
• During the administration of the drug, the doctor or nurse conducting the procedure should not feel the resistance of the patient's body.
• After completion of the input, remove the needle. A test for the correct conduct of an exercise - from a hole left by an injection, the medication should not drain. At the same time, the woman's chest rises slightly and settles like a water cushion.

After the novocain therapy, the acuity of pain must go away, the growth of the mammary gland is stopped. Only after this, it becomes possible to start conservative treatment.

• The attending physician may prescribe warming up with ultrasonic frequencies (dry UHF heat).
• On the area of the bruise put troksevazinovuyu or heparin ointment, rubbing it with soft smooth movements.

Troxevasin ointment. This drug can be applied only to the unaffected skin epithelium. If there are ulcers, scratches or cracks on the surface, this is already a contraindication to the use of this medicine. If a violation of the skin is not observed, then trasevazin is applied to the site of the bruise with a small layer and gently massaging, rubbing. This procedure is carried out twice throughout the day: immediately after sleep in the morning and shortly before going to bed. The duration of the course of therapy is exclusively individual and is adjusted by the attending physician depending on the effect obtained.

Do not use troxevasin ointment, if the patient is prone to allergic reaction, as well as hypersensitive to the component composition of the drug. It is not recommended to use it during the period of carrying out the child, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy.

In the event that there is a possibility of bacterial contamination or for the prevention, often carry out antibacterial therapy.

Klabaks - this drug is injected into the patient's body orally. Capsule is administered to the body in conjunction with food intake. It should not be bitten, breaking the integrity of the shell. The daily amount of the drug is divided into two approaches, spaced at an equal interval. The doctor appoints the dosage regimen, dosage and duration of treatment strictly individual for each patient. In case of a lesion of moderate severity, adults and adolescents are prescribed Klabaks 250 tablet twice a day. In case of severe form of defeat, two Klabaks 250 tablets or one capsule of Klabaks 500 twice a day are taken. This medication is not prescribed if the patient's body does not tolerate clarithromycin or other macrolide preparations. It should be applied with caution if the patient has a history of renal and hepatic insufficiency.

Doxycycline. In the first day of therapy, the drug is administered with a dosage of 0.2 g daily. On the second day, the dosage can be reduced to 0.1 - 0.2 g. At the same time, the frequency of reception is allowed from one to two times. The duration of the treatment course is determined by the doctor individually, depending on the clinical picture and the condition of the patient. Do not tolerate doxycycline with increased sensitivity to tetracyclines, with fungal diseases, during pregnancy and lactation.

If the hemorrhage is not stopped and the hematoma is gaining larger volumes, there is a need for surgical intervention or puncture. The biopsy of a physician is evaluated both as an informational diagnostic method and as a therapeutic therapy. Surgical sectoral excision is also carried out in the case when a false cyst begins to form at the site of the injury. If the hematoma has suppurated, it is necessary to resort to the help of antibiotics.

Bactroban. Ointment is applied to the affected area three times throughout the day. Duration of treatment - up to ten days. Contraindicated bakroban with individual intolerance of the body of the patient of this drug, during pregnancy and lactation. And also in the case of renal dysfunction.

At a hematoma of a mammary gland rather actively use methods of alternative medicine which are effective enough in this case.

• Dilute a teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and apply tampons soaked in the resulting solution - like lotions.
• With gentle massaging movements rub a mixture of extracts from grape seeds and pine extract from the north.
• Suitable and compress of the bodyagi. In this case, the powder of the preparation is diluted with water to the state of thick sour cream.
• You can try and gummy from gruel, obtained by diluting potato starch.
• Well proven and cabbage. Her sheets a little crumple and attach to a sore spot. The compress should be changed every hour.
• A good help will be an infusion or a decoction of St. John's wort, which must be drunk and applied as a lotion to the bruise.

Prevention

Everyone realistically understands that any pathology is much easier to prevent than in the subsequent resort to medical therapy. Therefore, the prevention of breast mammary gland is a very important step towards protecting one's health.

• When conducting the examination, it is necessary to pay attention to the clotting factor of the blood.
• It is worth paying close attention to the drugs. After all, some of them significantly affect the blood coagulation system.
• It is necessary to avoid surgery at a time when the woman is menstruating. "Dangerous" are a few days immediately before its beginning. It is at this time that a physiological decrease in the level of coagulation occurs.
• In everyday life, it is necessary to avoid situations that can lead to any trauma, and in particular, to the bruise of the breast.
• If a woman suffers from hypertension - it is not superfluous to constantly monitor blood pressure.
• Wearing comfortable, high-quality underwear, preferably of natural materials.
• It is worth following the qualitative level of the immune system of the woman's body.

[16], [17], [18], [19]

Forecast

If the bruise is not burdened by painful shock and such complications as abscesses and abscesses, then the prognosis of the hematoma of the breast is quite favorable. Over time, the hematoma dissolves on its own or with the participation of a graduate, leaving no trace behind. If the purulent process has gone, the result of therapy largely depends on the time - how early the patient asked for help from a doctor.

The problems of breast pathology in women have recently firmly established themselves on the "forefront" and in order not to aggravate the already complicated situation, it is necessary to pay more attention to one's health. Do not brush aside the problem if a chest gland has been found on the breast. Pathology can be insignificant and after a few days dissolve by itself, but if there is a fairly extensive hemorrhage that causes discomfort accompanied by painful sensations - it is worthwhile, without delay, to seek medical advice from a mammologist, especially if a clear or bloody discharge appears from the nipple . After all, these manifestations may be symptoms of a more severe disease. For example, so is cancer. Therefore, it is better to be safe by turning to a doctor than to lose time and treat the disease at a later date.

[20], [21], [22], [23]