Glandular cystic endometrial hyperplasia

Endometrium - the so-called internal epithelial lining of the uterus. During the menstrual cycle, the surface layers of the endometrium are removed from the uterine cavity, and after the termination of the menstrual cycle, they are regenerated again. And so cycle after cycle. But if there is a failure in the process of rejection and regeneration, the endometrium may increase in size, cystic cavities are formed in it, which leads to an increase in the size parameters of the uterus. Develops glandular-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium.

[1], [2]

Causes of glandular cystic endometrial hyperplasia

This disease occurs in women of any age, but nevertheless, according to the observation of specialists, a greater percentage of cases occur during periods when a hormonal restructuring occurs in the body of a woman. These periods are especially noticeable in adolescents at the time when menstruation is also beginning in women before menopause.

The causes of glandular-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium are called gynecologists:

Congenital causes of the onset of the disease:

• Hereditary genetic abnormalities.
• Hereditary gynecological diseases, for example, uterine fibroids.
• Hormonal failure during adolescent puberty.

Acquired pathology:

• Pathology of "female organs" associated with hormonal dependence (mastopathy, endometriosis and others).
• Inflammatory diseases of the genital organs.
• Infectious diseases of the pelvic organs.
• Surgical intervention of a gynecological nature.
• Abortion.
• The cause of the disease can be and failures in the endocrine and cardiovascular system.
• Obesity.
• Dysfunction of the ovaries.
• Inhibition of the function of the liver, mammary glands and adrenal glands.
• Diabetes.
• Arterial hypertension.
• Diagnostic curettage.
• Polycystic ovary syndrome.

If one of the older women in the family is diagnosed with a similar diagnosis, other members of the fair sex should more closely monitor their body, passing periodic examinations at the gynecologist.

[3], [4], [5], [6], [7],

Symptoms of glandular cystic endometrial hyperplasia

The main symptoms of glandular cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium, which are inherent in all types of disease:

• Not cyclicity, failures in the passage of menstruation. Allocations may also occur between menstruation.
• Unlike menstruation, excretions in this pathology are not abundant, smearing. Significantly less frequent severe bleeding with the release of bloody dense clots. If the loss of blood is prolonged, then the woman's body begins to detect the symptoms of anemia.
• There are painful sensations in the lower abdomen, and they are not associated with the menstrual cycle.
• Using ultrasound, it can be determined that during endometrial gland-cystic hyperplasia, the ovulation ceases to pass. That is, a woman becomes barren. O
• But many cases when a woman does not bother, and the pathology is revealed only on examination with a doctor - a gynecologist.

In any case, whether it is a malfunction in the menstrual cycle or not an upcoming pregnancy (if the couple regularly lives sexually, not being protected for a year), consultation and examination of the specialist is needed, since the glandular-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium does not dissolve independently and does not pass.

Simple glandular cystic endometrial hyperplasia

Endometrial overgrowth proceeds in strictly defined directions and is characterized by special properties. On this basis, and divide the disease into two types. One of the varieties - simple glandular-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium - is characterized by a uniform distribution of pathology. This category of the disease has its own differences of form. In the case where only glandular tissue grows - this form of glandular-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium is called glandular. A more severe form of manifestation is glandular-cystic. In this case, along with proliferation of glandular tissue, nodules and cysts of benign genesis form.

The second type of glandular-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium is focal hyperplasia, the concomitant disease of which, often, are polyps. But, nevertheless, the most dangerous manifestations of this pathology (endometriosis) physicians include glandular-cystic manifestation of it. This variety adversely affects the process of ovulation (female reproductive cells cease to ripen), which leads to female infertility. That is, with such a diagnosis, getting pregnant and bearing a child is almost impossible. There is another danger that lies in wait for the patient with a diagnosis of glandular cystic endometrial hyperplasia. Primarily benign cyst with time, if you do not take immediate measures for diagnosis and treatment, can be reborn in a malignant tumor. And then you will have to cure cancer, and this is much more difficult and more detrimental to the body.

Focal iron-cystic endometrial hyperplasia

Focal iron-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium is a separate neoplasms of a focal character, which in turn are divided into adenomatous, fibrous and glandular. The pathology of the endometrium in the focal zone can reach six centimeters.

Violation of the menstrual cycle can be the first symptom that indicates malfunctions in the body and the onset of endometrial hyperplasia. In this case, the monthly ones become painful and more abundant. In some cases, anemorrhoea is manifested - there are no monthly months, or even up to six months. By and large, the main root cause, which is the trigger of this, and many more, diseases, are hormonal disorders that occur in the patient's body.

[8], [9], [10]

Diagnosis of endometrial glandular cystic hyperplasia

With any deviation in the manifestation of the menstrual cycle, a woman should, without delaying, apply for examination and consultation with a gynecologist.

Diagnosis of glandular-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium includes such activities:

• Physical examination of the gynecologist.
• The study of the patient's anamnesis, her heredity.
• Ultrasound examination of the uterus and other organs of the small pelvis. Using a special sensor, the endometrium is examined and measured, the presence of polyps, nodules and cysts is determined. But completely in the diagnosis rely only on the results of ultrasound is not, as this study shows only the presence of pathology and allows you to measure the thickness of the endometrium.
• Hysteroscopy. This study is conducted on a special medical optical apparatus. In the course of diagnosis, differential scraping of the endometrium of the uterus is performed. The obtained samples are sent for histological examination, which confirms the pathology and determines the type of hyperplasia. This research is desirable to do in the period before the supposed start of the menstrual cycle. The results of this method of diagnosis gynecologists believe the most reliable. At the same time, hysteroscopy allows not only to diagnose correctly, but also to perform surgical treatment simultaneously. Informativeness of this method is estimated by doctors-gynecologists in 94.5%, whereas ultrasound with a sensor for the vagina is only 68.6%.
• Aspiration biopsy. When gynecological examination, the doctor takes an endometrial scraping. This material is sent for histology.
• Histological examination. It allows to determine morphology of diagnosis and type of hyperplasia.
• Clinical studies on hormones. With the help of this analysis, the level of hormones (estrogens, progesterones) in a woman's body is determined. If there is a need, the level of hormones is checked both in the thyroid gland and in the adrenal glands.

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Treatment of endometrial glandular cystic hyperplasia

Any patient with the diagnosis under consideration gets his own, individual, protocol of treatment with clearly selected medications and their dosages, since both of them largely depend on the hormonal level in the blood of a woman.

Not so long ago, the treatment of glandular cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium was reduced to the fact that the patient was admitted to the condition of an artificial climax. This allowed, when receiving sparing hormones, in many cases to adjust the hormonal background. This course of treatment usually included means of oral contraception (for example, monophasic contraceptives, such as "Yarina", "Diane-35" and "Zhanin").

"Yarina". Each poster contains 21 tablets. Drink the hormone drug one tablet daily, at the same time, with a large volume of liquid. After three weeks of medication was taken (twenty-one days), take a break for seven days. In most cases, the second - the third day after the end of the drug, bleeding begins, similar to menstruation. Often to take the next cycle of pills proceed against a background of smearing bleeding.

Do not recommend this hormonal drug for women, whose history is burdened with a severe form of renal or hepatic insufficiency, thrombosis, diabetes, migraine, pancreatitis, malignant and benign tumors or individual intolerance to the components of the drug. It can not be used during pregnancy or suspected of it, with breastfeeding.

"Jeanine." Reception of this drug is similar to the previous one. One dragee is drunk once a day for twenty-one days, washed down with a small amount of water. Withstand a break of seven days and conduct a second course. Contraindications in the use of the hormone drug "Jeanine" are identical to the contraindications listed for the drug "Yarina". Selection of medications depends on the result of the tests. The hormonal medicines prescribed by the doctor-gynecologist promote either the activation of growth in the blood of a woman's hormones (estrogen or progesterone) or their suppression. During the whole treatment, constant monitoring of the level of hormones in the blood is necessary. To implement it, the doctor appoints the patient a periodic blood test.

In parallel with taking hormonal medication, women with glandular cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium receive immunostimulating agents, for example, such as:

Gepon. Take this drug as a solution.

For adults and children under 12 years, inward, the daily dosage is 10 mg. Reception is one-off. They are also used in the form of irrigation of the vaginal mucosa. The syringing is carried out with a 0.02-0.04% solution of the gepon.

Contraindications to the use of the drug in question are hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, the age of children under the age of 12, pregnancy, the period of breastfeeding.

Prodigiozan. The medicine is taken intramuscularly, having previously checked the sensitivity of the organism to the drug. Three days after the test, the treatment course, which is three to six injections for adults, begins with a total dosage of 10-20 mcg. A single dose for adults is 25-30 mcg.

This drug is not recommended for use when the patient has an individual intolerance to the components of the drug, as well as central nervous system problems, myocardial infarction and acute coronary insufficiency.

Without fail, the patient with this diagnosis is assigned vitamins minerals that can enter the body, both with medications and with food. As recent studies have shown, effective for glandular-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium is acupuncture, which should be performed by a specialist. If necessary, the attending physician may ascribe the patient electrophoresis.

Sorbifer. These vitamins use two tablets twice - three times a day after meals and with a lot of liquid. The daily dosage is included in the range from 100 to 200 mg.

Contraindication to use may be hypersensitivity to the drug, bleeding, high iron content in the blood, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, renal and hepatic insufficiency.

Maltofer. Vitamins take 100 - 300 mg once a day. Duration of treatment is prescribed by the doctor depending on the disease and the severity of the pathology. But, often, it is five to seven months.

Do not recommend this drug to patients with increased sensitivity to the components of the drug, suffering from anemia.

If the above methods of treatment do not give the expected result, the gynecologist can prescribe surgical treatment. Under general or local anesthesia, the patient is scraped out of the expanded tissue with a special medical coupler. With a more severe pathology, when pathological tissue affects not only the uterus itself, but also the ovaries or fallopian tubes, the gynecologist has no choice but to go for their removal. This has to be done to protect the woman from development and degeneration into malignant neoplasms. The doctor tries to do everything in his power to save the woman's sex.

During the rehabilitation period, such patients are recommended to visit a specialized sanatorium.

Prophylaxis of glandular cystic endometrial hyperplasia

Special recommendations that would be perceived as prevention of glandular cystic endometrial hyperplasia, no. But in order to somehow protect yourself from this pathology:

It is necessary to periodically visit the doctor-gynecologist for an examination. It is advisable to do this twice a year.

• Regularly engage in sports, physical education, physical exercise, fitness.
• Negative effects on the development of glandular cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium can also be caused by abortion.
• It is desirable to minimize hormonal contraceptives in the body of a woman.
• It is necessary to treat all inflammatory and infectious diseases of the genital organs in a timely and effective manner.
• Care must be taken to maintain the hygiene of the body, and sex organs as well.
• Even with minor discomfort or irregularities in the menstrual cycle, it is advisable to immediately seek an examination with a gynecologist.

Prognosis of glandular cystic endometrial hyperplasia

The prognosis of glandular cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium largely depends on the patient herself: how timely she turned to a gynecologist for help and how accurately she fulfilled all the protocol prescriptions of the doctor. With this approach to treatment - the forecast is uniquely positive.

In the case when the glandular-cystic endometrial hyperplasia is diagnosed in severe, neglected form, a patient suffering from her bouquet of diseases can also add a cancer disease of the genital organs. In this light, it is difficult to predict something. Therefore, the woman herself must do everything to make the pathology diagnosed as early as possible.

No one except himself is able to take care of his health. It is necessary to do everything possible to prevent the disease. But if you feel some discomfort in your body, there were other unpleasant symptoms - you should not pull it, it is necessary to consult your doctor as soon as possible. If the diagnosis of glandular cystic endometrial hyperplasia is still made, every effort should be made to ensure that the treatment is as effective as possible without complications, and modern medicine is ready to provide all the tools to achieve this goal.