Early menopause in women in their 30s

Menopause in women usually begins at 48-50 years of age. But there are cases when early menopause is observed in women aged 30. What provokes it, how dangerous is it for the female body and what to do?

We will try to answer these and a number of other questions in this article in as much detail as possible.

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Causes early menopause in women

Possible causes of early menopause in women aged 30:

1. Ovarian hypofunction.
2. Disruption of ovarian biological feedback to gonadotropin stimulation.
3. Hereditary predisposition. If a similar picture was observed in close female relatives (mother, grandmother, sister).
4. Disease of the endocrine system.
5. Ovarian dysgenesis.
6. Resistant ovary syndrome - primary or secondary amenorrhea, infertility.
7. Consequences of radiation therapy.
8. Consequence of chemotherapy.
9. Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome is a congenital pathology associated with a deviation in the number of sex chromosomes.
10. Chronic inflammation in the pelvic organs and tissues of the genitourinary system.
11. Mutations of a genetic nature
12. Numerous abortions and gynecological curettages.
13. A surgical procedure performed on the ovaries.
14. Pelvic injuries.
15. Benign or malignant neoplasm of the genitourinary system.
16. Disorders, diseases and injuries of the hypothalamic-pituitary region.
17. Other autoimmune processes.

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Pathogenesis

The pathogenesis of the onset of menopause consists of age-related or pathological changes affecting the functioning of the hypothalamus, which leads to a weakening of the connections with and control over the pituitary gland.

The pituitary gland is responsible for the normal functioning of the endocrine and sex glands. Therefore, its dysfunction leads to a decrease in the level of hormone production in the gonads with a further decrease in them in the blood. All these pathogenetic mechanisms lead to early menopause.

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Symptoms early menopause in women

The following symptoms of early menopause in women aged 30 years are distinguished:

• The appearance of "hot flashes": the woman is either thrown into the cold with beads of sweat appearing on her face, or she feels a rapid rush of blood to her face and upper limbs. The skin becomes red.
• Chills may occur.
• Sharp jumps in blood pressure may be observed.
• Heart palpitations, tachycardia.
• Sleep disturbance, drowsiness.
• Attacks of headache and dizziness.
• Increased emotional instability: mood swings, irritability, frequent depression, aggressiveness.
• Memory impairment, impaired concentration.
• Decreased libido.
• Dryness of the labia, itching in intimate areas.
• Urinary incontinence and the appearance of painful urination.
• The appearance of pain during sexual intercourse.
• Deterioration of the skin, hair, and nails. They lose elasticity, become dry and brittle. Increased hair loss is possible.

First signs

The very first signs of approaching menopause in most cases are:

• Menstrual cycle disorders: lengthening, shortening, complete disappearance of menstruation.
• The appearance of hot flash symptoms.
• Change in emotional status: irritability, irascibility, depression, the woman becomes absent-minded, problems with short-term memory appear
• Sleep disturbance.
• The appearance of problems with urination.
• Weight gain.
• Deterioration of the condition of the skin, hair and nails.

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Stages

The specialist defines three degrees of manifestation of the climacteric process:

1. Mild symptoms. A woman is able to lead a quite high-quality life and fully perform her work (up to ten daily hot flashes).
2. Average level. There is a significant sleep disorder, memory problems, the patient suffers from frequent, prolonged headaches and dizziness, problems with urination, and performance suffers (up to twenty daily hot flashes).
3. Severe degree of manifestation. Loss of working capacity, high intensity of pathological symptoms.

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Complications and consequences

The consequences of severe manifestations of early menopause can be pathological, sometimes irreversible, changes in the woman's body. During this period, the woman's immune status falls, which entails frequent colds and infectious diseases. The body simply does not have the strength to fight external invasion.

With early menopause, a woman begins to age earlier.

The skin loses collagen, becoming drier and wrinkled, and covered with pigment spots.

Unpleasant changes affect both the primary sexual characteristics of a woman (dryness and burning in the labia and vagina appear) and secondary (the shape of the mammary glands is lost, the breasts become sagging).

The woman experiences an increase in fat layers in problem areas (hips and buttocks).

Early menopause in women aged 30 can also cause a number of complications:

• Pathological processes affect the cardiovascular system. The risk of developing strokes and heart attacks is high.
• Hormonal imbalance can provoke the development of malignant and benign tumors of the mammary gland or ovaries.
• The mineral saturation of bone tissue deteriorates, which leads to the development of osteoporosis and frequent fractures.
• Development of atherosclerosis.
• Obesity.
• Infertility.
• Development of arterial hypertension.
• Diabetes mellitus.

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Diagnostics early menopause in women

Diagnosis of early menopause in women aged 30 years consists of conducting and analyzing the results of a number of measures:

• Analysis of health complaints.
• Analysis of anamnesis.
• Examination of a woman by a gynecologist. Examination of the mammary glands.
• Conducting laboratory tests:
  • General urine analysis.
  • General and biochemical blood analysis.
  • Conducting a progesterone test.
  • Cytogenetic examination of smear.
  • Determination of the level of oncological markers.
  • Obtaining a lipidogram is a blood test that allows you to assess the level and nature of the lipid composition: low-density lipoproteins (LDL), triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL).
• Conducting instrumental diagnostics:
  • Densitometry is a qualitative and quantitative assessment of bone mineral density.
  • X-ray of bone tissue.
  • Ultrasound of the internal organs of the abdominal cavity.
• Consultation and examination by other specialists.
• Conducting differential diagnostics:
  • Exclusion of diseases that manifest similar symptoms.
  • Full analysis of the obtained results. Diagnosis.
  • Determination of the stage of pathological changes.

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Tests

Analyses carried out in laboratory conditions:

• General and biochemical blood tests.
• Blood test for FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone). This is one of the main studies that are indicative of menopause. The level of estrogens is rapidly approaching zero.
• General urine analysis.
• Bacteriological and bacterioscopic analysis of vaginal discharge.
• Analysis of the level of hormones of the pituitary-gonadotropic system. Blood test for estradiol. During menopause, this indicator is below normal (35 pmol/l). The level of luteinizing hormones is elevated (equal to or more than 52.30 mIU/ml).
• Conducting a progesterone test. In this situation, it is negative.
• PAP test - Pap smear. Cytological analysis of a smear from the vagina. The sample is examined in the laboratory under a microscope.
• If necessary, immunohistochemistry with tumor markers can be performed - this study is carried out only on those patients who are suspected of having a malignant pathology.

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Instrumental diagnostics

Instrumental diagnostics used for early menopause in women:

• X-ray examination of the mammary glands (mammography).
• Densitometry is an assessment of the mineral density of bone tissue, which allows one to assess the degree of osteoporosis.
• X-ray of bone tissue.
• Electrocardiography.
• Ultrasound of the uterus and appendages.
• Ultrasound of the vascular system.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnostics of this physiological process consists of:

• Analysis of patient complaints.
• Analysis of female anamnesis.
• Taking her age into account.
• The results of her examination.
• Results of laboratory and instrumental studies.
• Results of a consultative examination by other specialists.

At the same time, the specialist should also determine the stage at which the pathology is located. This is necessary to select the most adequate treatment protocol.

Treatment early menopause in women

Treatment of early menopause in women aged 30 is usually based on hormone replacement therapy, the essence of which is to replenish the missing amount of hormone, the deficiency of which the woman's body experiences.

This allows to significantly improve the quality of life and prevent the risk of developing a number of complications.

This treatment is carried out using both medicinal and non-medicinal methods.

Non-medicinal ones include herbal decoctions and infusions, as well as food products that are sources of natural estrogens. For example, soy and soy-based products.

Medicinal drugs prescribed for early menopause in women aged 30 are preparations based on two hormonal components: estrogen and progestogen. The first has a beneficial effect on hormone-dependent cellular structures. The second prevents excessive proliferation of the uterine endometrium, the formation and development of cancerous neoplasms.

Combination drugs: mersilon, rigevidon, novinet, diane-35 and a number of others.

Such patients have a high probability of developing osteoporosis, therefore, to prevent this disease, she is prescribed a complex of vitamin and mineral preparations based on:

1. Bisphosphonates: fosamax, pamifos, bonefos, pamidronate, aredia, syndronate, pamitor, osteomax, loron, pamiredine, lindron, pamired, clodron and others.
2. Calcium compounds – they saturate bone tissues with this element, making them stronger. Such preparations include: calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, vitacalcin and a number of others.
3. Vitamin D is essential, as it is responsible for regulating phosphorus-calcium metabolism in the human body. This group includes: aquadetrim, vigantol, alphadol, oxydevite, etalfa, zemplpr and many others.

Complex treatment may also include homeopathic preparations, traditional medicine, hydrotherapy, physiotherapy techniques, a properly selected set of exercises and spa treatment.

A comprehensive approach to the treatment of early menopause in women aged 30 years allows us to effectively solve the problem of the onset of the climacteric period.

Medicines

The first and main group in the protocol for treating early menopause in women aged 30 are drugs belonging to the group of hormonal drugs. It is very important that both estrogen and progestogen enter the woman's body. Therefore, two monodrugs or one complex drug containing both of these hormones are prescribed.

Estrogen-containing drugs: Estrogel, Hormoplex, KES, Premarin, Dermestril, Estrocad, Klimara, Estrofem, Divigel, Microfollin, Ovestin, Proginova, Estrimax and others.

Microfollin is taken orally at 0.01 - 0.06 mg daily. A more specific dosage is prescribed by the attending physician in each specific case individually.

This drug should not be prescribed if the patient has a history of hypersensitivity to the components, cancer (or suspicion of its presence), internal bleeding, or a tendency to form blood clots.

Progestogen-containing drugs: Depo-Provera, Prajisan, Progesterone, Depostat, Orgametril, Livial, Duphaston, Norcolut, Primolut-Nor, Provera, Progestogel and others.

Progesterone is prescribed to a woman in the form of injections (or tablets) of 5 ml daily, or 10 ml every two days. In this situation, the patient takes this drug together with a drug containing estrogen.

Contraindications to taking the drug include severe liver dysfunction, malignant lesions of the mammary gland and female reproductive organs, and a tendency to form blood clots.

Complex preparations: cycloprogin, klimen, mersilon, divin, rigevidon, livial, femoston, novinet, diane-35, kliogest and a number of others.

A very important point in taking Rigevidon is that it should be taken with a sufficient amount of liquid, one tablet at a time, every day, at the same time. Not even one dose should be missed.

Contraindications include severe liver damage, a history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathologies, a tendency to form blood clots, cancer, severe forms of hypertension, and a number of others.

For varying severity of early menopause, various hormonal drugs are prescribed.

Symptomatic treatment is also carried out. If the patient has become depressed, she is prescribed antidepressants (benactyzine, hydroxyzine, clobazam, phenazepam, meprobamate, gidazepam), if high blood pressure is a concern, antihypertensive drugs (enam, losartan, enap) are used. In case of nervousness, sleep disorders and absent-mindedness, sedatives are suitable: afobazole, persen, novo-passit, atarax, adaptol, phenibut, motherwort tablets.

To prevent osteoporosis, vitamin and mineral complexes containing vitamin D (aquadetrim, vigantol, alfadol, oxydevite, etalfa, zemplpr), bisphosphonates (bonefos, pamidronate, sindronate, pamitor, osteomax, pamiredine, pamired) and calcium preparations (calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, vitacalcin) are prescribed.

Folk remedies

When early menopause occurs, folk remedies can be used.

They can be used only with the permission of the attending physician. Traditional medicine is an auxiliary method of treating the pathological symptoms of early menopause in a 30-year-old woman.

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Herbal treatment

Herbal treatment of early menopause in women aged 30 is the main method of traditional medicine. Here are some recipes that can help a woman and ease her condition.

Recipe #1

1. Add one tablespoon of orthilia secunda to boiling water, taking 200 ml of liquid.
2. Place on low heat, using a steam bath, and leave for a quarter of an hour from the moment it boils.
3. Set aside on the side and do not touch for about four hours.
4. Strain and drink one tablespoon at a time, four to five times a day. The duration of the treatment is three months.

Recipe #2

1. Place 50 g of dried herb orthilia secunda in a container, into which 400 ml of alcohol or vodka is added.
2. Seal the container well and place it in a dark place for about three weeks.
3. Take the resulting tincture 15-30 drops three times a day. The duration of the treatment is three months.

Recipe #3

1. Combine one tablespoon of dried and finely chopped red brush root with 300 ml of just boiled water.
2. Place on low heat and simmer for five minutes from the moment it boils.
3. Strain the decoction and drink half a glass, three times a day.
4. For greater effectiveness, it is advisable to take the medicine 15 minutes before meals. If desired, you can sweeten it with one teaspoon of honey.

Recipe #4

1. Place 50 g of dried red brush root in a container and add 500 ml of alcohol or vodka.
2. Seal the container and place in a dark place for a month.
3. Take the resulting tincture 30-40 drops three times a day. For greater effectiveness, it is recommended to drink the medicine half an hour before meals.

Recipe #5

1. Combine 15 g of white mistletoe in one container with a glass of boiling water.
2. Leave the container to infuse for a couple of hours.
3. Take the resulting tincture one tablespoon three times a day. The recommended time for taking is 15-20 minutes before meals.

Homeopathy

Homeopathy for early menopause in women aged 30 helps to eliminate its symptoms. Homeopathic preparations have an estrogen-like and sedative effect, relieve dizziness and headaches, normalize sleep and reduce the intensity of hot flashes.

The duration of such therapy is on average up to six months. The following homeotherapeutic drugs are often used: Estrovel, Remens, Klimaxan, Feminal, Tsi-Klim, Klimaktoplan.

Klimaktoplan is prescribed in the form of pills, taken orally one to two pills three times a day. The medicine is taken orally, kept in the mouth until it is completely dissolved. The recommended time of administration is 30 minutes before or after meals.

Contraindications for Klimaktoplan include only individual intolerance to one or more components of the drug.

Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment as a method of solving the problem of early menopause is usually not used. Doctors try to save the woman's reproductive organs until the very end, leaving her the opportunity to conceive, carry and give birth to a child in the future.

But the reasons why a specialist may decide to perform the operation are:

1. Prolonged uterine bleeding.
2. Endometrial adenocarcinoma.
3. Adenomatous endometrial hyperplasia, atypical endometrial hyperplasia.
4. Myoma.
5. Glandular cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium.
6. Focal or nodular adenomyosis.
7. Various combinations of the above pathologies.

Prevention

Prevention of early menopause in women aged 30 is simple, but following them will reduce the likelihood of menopause.

1. A woman, starting from the moment of puberty, and especially after the beginning of sexual activity, should undergo a preventive examination by a gynecologist at least once every six months.
2. Lead a healthy lifestyle, avoiding the abuse of alcohol, nicotine and drugs.
3. Avoid stressful situations.
4. The diet should be rational, rich in minerals, vitamins and microelements. Minimize in your diet products from modern supermarkets, which contain stabilizers, preservatives, colorings, flavor enhancers. Avoid genetically modified products, fast food and semi-finished products. Fractional nutrition is welcomed.
5. Watch your weight. Extra pounds add health problems. Obesity is one of the causes of early menopause in women.
6. Doing sports, because movement is life. But too much stress is also unacceptable, especially during menstruation.
7. Protect your body from hypothermia or overheating.
8. Compliance with personal hygiene rules.
9. There should also be a culture of sexual relations: exclude promiscuity in relations, it is desirable that there be only one sexual partner. At the same time, the woman should be sure of his health. This will reduce the likelihood of getting an infection transmitted only sexually.
10. A complete rest.

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Forecast

No specialist will undertake to assess the unambiguous prognosis of early menopause in women aged 30. In this case, everything is quite individual.

As medical practice shows, if a woman has not had her period for six months, then about one percent of women still have a chance of spontaneous return of the menstrual cycle and the possibility of becoming pregnant and becoming a mother.

The prognosis for most women depends on how timely the woman sought help from a qualified specialist. If all the doctor's recommendations were written down and carefully followed, replacement therapy allows a woman to lead a quality active life. And when planning a pregnancy, to conceive, carry and give birth to a healthy and strong baby without problems.

If a woman has not consulted a doctor, having an early menopause, then long-term estrogen deficiency has every chance at some point to provoke the development of a malignant lesion of the mammary gland, uterus or ovaries. There is a high probability of complications, which have already been noted in this article: osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases and a number of others.

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