Diseases of children (pediatrics)

HIV infection and AIDS in children

HIV infection, AIDS is a viral disease of the immune system, leading to a sharp decrease in the overall resistance of the organism to opportunistic microorganisms, as well as an increased predisposition to oncological diseases, which is why the disease has a severe course with an unavoidable fatal outcome.

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis in children

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis is an acute viral disease transmitted to a person from mouse rodents, with serous inflammation of the meninges and brain substance with a benign course.

Mosquito virus encephalitis in children

Mosquito, or Japanese (autumn), encephalitis is an acute seasonal neuro-infection with common infectious manifestations and severe damage to brain matter.

What causes tick-borne viral encephalitis?

The causative agent of tick-borne viral encephalitis belongs to the genus Flaviviruses. The virion has a spherical shape, a diameter of 40-50 nm, contains RNA, reproduces well in many tissue cultures. From laboratory animals white mice, hamsters, monkeys, cotton rats are most sensitive to the virus. Susceptible to tick-borne encephalitis virus and many domestic animals.

Tick-borne viral encephalitis in children

Kleshchevoy (spring-summer, or taiga) encephalitis is a natural focal viral disease with a predominant CNS lesion, manifested by cerebral, meningeal and focal symptoms.

Viral encephalitis in children

Viral encephalitis is a large group of acute infectious diseases of the central nervous system caused by neurotropic viruses, mainly from the genus of arboviruses, transmitted to humans by bloodsucking arthropods. The genus of arboviruses includes alphaviruses and flaviviruses. They are part of the Togaviridae family.

Hepatitis C in children

In Western Europe and the United States, up to 95% of all cases of posttransfusion and parenteral hepatitis cause HCV. The disease occurs after a transfusion of virus-containing blood, plasma, fibrinogen, anti-hemophilic factor and other blood products. Outbreaks of hepatitis C among patients with immunodeficiencies after intravenous infusions of immunoglobulin preparations were noted.

How to prevent hepatitis B in children?

Prevention of hepatitis B in children is primarily a thorough examination of all categories of donors with mandatory blood testing for HBsAg at each delivery using highly sensitive methods of its identification (ELISA, RIA), as well as the determination of ALT activity.

Symptoms of Hepatitis B in Children

The incubation period of hepatitis B lasts 60-180 days, usually 2-4 months, in rare cases it is shortened to 30-45 days or extended to 225 days. The duration of the incubation period depends on the infectious dose and the age of the children. With massive infection (blood or plasma transfusions), the incubation period is short - 1.5-2 months, and with parenteral manipulation (subcutaneous and intramuscular injections) and especially with domestic infection, the incubation period lasts 4-6 months.

What causes hepatitis B in children?

Hepatitis B virus (Dana particles) is a spherical formation with a diameter of 42 nm, consisting of an electronically dense core (nucleocapsid) with a diameter of 27 nm and an outer shell 7-8 nm in thickness. In the center of the nucleocapsid is the genome of the virus, represented by double-stranded DNA.

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