Correction of posture and posture correctors

Correction of a posture is a complex medical, pedagogical and psychological problem, however the programs of complex treatment should be as much as possible individualized.

At present, correction of posture along with exercise therapy, massage, therapeutic swimming is effectively carried out using means based on the biofeedback method (BFB), as well as a posture corrector.

There are different types of biofeedback: electromyographic, temperature, electroencephalographic and electrocutaneous.

The general principle of working with BOS devices is that an electrode is applied to a certain group of muscles and with the help of a light or sound signal given out by a special device (light panel, TV or computer screen, audible alarm, etc.), the patient gets an idea of bioelectrical activity of the muscles under investigation at rest or in the performance of a given motion.

With the help of BFU devices, it is possible to restore the muscular feeling and activity of weakened muscle groups, conduct neuromuscular relaxation, and reduce the pathological activity of antagonist muscles.

There are practically no contraindications to the use of BOS devices. Correction of posture by this method can be combined with the use of various medicinal preparations, it is necessary only to be careful with patients suffering from neurocirculatory dystonia, since it is possible to temporarily decrease or increase blood pressure, as well as with diabetic patients taking insulin. It is undesirable to use devices to correct posture in children up to 4-5 years, due to instability of attention and inaccuracy in the performance of tasks, as well as in children suffering from epilepsy.

Correction of posture is also carried out by a new form of physical education in children - fitball-gymnastics. Fitball in English means a ball for support, used for health purposes. For the first time, I used fitbols with a therapeutic purpose in studies with patients with cerebral palsy, a Swiss physiotherapist Susan Klein Vogelbach.

Fitball-gymnastics is held with large multi-colored balls, withstand weight up to 300 kg. In this case, the ball can be used as a simulator, as an object and as a burden (its mass is about 1 kg).

Depending on the age and growth of those engaged in the class, use fitbols of different diameters. So, for children of 3-5 years the diameter of the ball should be 45 cm, from 6 to 10 years - 55 cm; for children with a height of 150 to 160 cm, the diameter of the ball is 65 cm and for children and adults with a height of 170 to 190 cm, the diameter of the ball should be 75 cm.

The ball is matched correctly if, when landing on it, the angle between the thigh and the shank is equal to or slightly more than 90 °. A sharp angle in the knee joints creates an additional burden on the ligaments of these joints and worsens the outflow of venous blood, especially when performing exercises sitting on the ball.

Different colors of balls differently affect the emotional and physiological state of a person.

Warm colors (red, orange) increase the activity of the sympathetic dressing of the autonomic nervous system, enhance the excitation of the central nervous system. This, in turn, leads to an increase in heart rate (heart rate), increased blood pressure (BP), increased respiration.

Cold colors (blue, purple) increase the activity of the parasympathetic department of the nervous system, and as a result, heart rate and blood pressure decrease.

Warm colors enhance the perception of ambient air temperature, and cool colors reduce.

In addition to the color effect on the human body, the fitballs also have a vibrational effect in the region of the low-frequency spectrum of frequencies. It is known that mechanical vibration has both specific and nonspecific effects on virtually all human organs and systems. For example, continuous vibration has a calming effect on the nervous system, and intermittent vibration is exciting. During the classes with children, mostly light vibration is used at a quiet pace (while sitting without lifting the buttocks from the ball), while in fitball-aerobics shock vibration is applied at a fast pace.

Fitbol allows you to maximally individualize the treatment and upbringing process due to the wide possibilities of correction of posture both in the sagittal and in the frontal planes.

Among the modifications of fitbolov it is necessary to note physirolls and hops.

Exercises with double fitballs - physirolls - are most effective for solving medical problems in preschool children. This is due to the fact that the physiroller, having a large area of support, is more stable than fitball. Coordination on physirolls is easier to perform exercises, maintaining stability and balance of the body, which reduces the load on the systems that provide coordination of movements. Physirolls are very effective for use in mobile games and relay races, when it is necessary to carry out the task together simultaneously.

Balls with handles - hopes - are used as usual fitbols for performing gymnastic exercises with objects in different starting positions. This modification allows you to perform exercises that affect the various muscle groups, so there is a correction of posture. The handle of the hop, lying on the floor, creates additional support and stability, making it easier to work with it.

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