Bruise: treatment

Injury treatment involves an individual, depending on the location of the site, on the severity of their severity and on many other factors. The bruise is not accidental in Latin - the language of medicine, called contusio, which means breaking, breaking. From a medical point of view, this is a trauma to soft tissues without damaging the skin. You can get yourself hurt yourself by inattentively encountering an obstacle, you can get injuries from outside as well, when a mechanical injury is caused by an object (a direct blow is called a bumper-blow). The site of damage is injured depending on the structure and structure: the soft tissue is injured more and deeper than the bone system. As a rule, anatomical changes in the organs do not occur, although a bruise may accompany a more serious injury, for example, fracture of the bone. In this case, they are the result of a primary injury, and not an independent medical problem.

In the place of impact under the skin, the vessels and capillaries are usually damaged, so bruises and bruises form. The severity and extent of hematoma depends on the localization of the injury. Hips and back are slightly injured, as in these parts soft tissues "amortize" the impact, and a blow to the bone, especially the joint, is fraught with hemarthrosis - a hemorrhage into the joint cavity. It should be noted that in soft tissues in the presence of large hematomas there may be problems - traumatic cavities filled with blood (cysts). Less often, traumas can lead to heterotopic ossification - the formation of bone tissue in places where it should not be allowed (out-of-skating). Also, injuries in parts of the body where the arteries (femoral, carotid, humeral) are located, are also dangerous, since such traumatic injuries can damage the vascular wall and lead to thrombosis, and subsequently to tissue death. Places in which the nerve endings (elbow joint, peroneal, and also the radius bone) are located, in case of trauma they lose their functionality for a time due to neuritis. After some time the nervous tissue is compensated, however such damages are dangerous intra-barren hemorrhages.

[1], [2], [3]

Contusion: treatment with conservative methods

A bruised treatment can have a variability, it all depends on the part of the body and the damage caused by the blow. Nevertheless, there are some common standards and rules by which during the first day you can try to prevent the spread of hemorrhage of the skin with the skin, and therefore in time to stop the injury of the inner subcutaneous layer and soft tissues. Here are the general recommendations that are suitable for all kinds of bruises: 

• On the damaged site, a moderately tight bandage is applied, which should be checked from time to time so that the contraction does not disturb the blood circulation. The dressing is made of elastic material (bandage) or improvised means. 
• After the bandage is applied, a cold compress should be applied immediately. It can be ice, a container filled with cold water, any cold thing. Cold should be maintained throughout the day, constantly changing compresses as they warm up. A local cold compress helps to stop puffiness and relieve pain a little. Also, cooling prevents imbibition - penetration into blood tissues from damaged vessels. If possible, it is possible to treat the damaged area with a special cooling and anesthetic, for example, chloroethyl. Such drugs are often used in the treatment of injuries of athletes. 
• The second, third day, as a rule, is characterized by great puffiness, the cold can not be used, it will not work. Suitable heat (not hot) compresses, which will help the accumulated hemolyzed blood to dissolve faster. In addition to compresses, you can apply baths if your legs or hands are damaged. If soft tissues of the thigh or others are injured, to which the baths are not applicable, you can apply a dry warm compress or a tissue compress impregnated with alcohol. 
• By appointment, it is possible to carry out physiotherapeutic measures: electrophoresis and lidase, potassium iodide or UHF. 
• For one to two weeks, it is appropriate to use ointments or gels containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory substances (NSAIDs). Gels are easier to penetrate into damaged tissues, so they are preferable to ointments. However, ointments that have a resolving effect, for example, with horse chestnut extract or leech extract, are quite effective. Ointment, cream, gel should be applied topically throughout the day 4-5 times a day. It should be noted that the ointment is not applied to the damaged skin (abrasions, scratches or wounds) in order to avoid excess irritation and bacterial infections. 
• If the bruise is strong enough and the pain is intense, you can drink a simple analgesic (ibuprofen, diclofenac).

[4], [5]

Bruising: surgical treatment

A bruised treatment can have a more serious, requiring intervention of specialists, doctors. For example, extensive, severe hematomas often undergo punctures to release accumulated exudate. If the cavity is not possible to aspirate, then a mini-operation is done - the skin is cut after local anesthesia and the fluid is removed. Then a sterile dressing is applied and the wound is periodically treated with an antiseptic.

There are also alternative methods. Bruising treatment involves various methods, the main thing is that they are effective and safe. Among well-proven methods, one can mention the imposition of a fresh, clean cabbage leaf or curd. Cabbage contains ascorbic acid, which penetrates into the subcutaneous layer, stops the inflammatory process and relieves pain, the same properties have cottage cheese. Curd is better to use sour, there is more useful acid in it, also curd compresses well removes puffiness and inflammation.

[6], [7]