Grade 2 adenoids in children: removal by surgery

Stage 2 adenoids in children are a pathological hypertrophy of the nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue, which causes difficulty breathing during the day and sniffling at night. According to statistics, the disease manifests itself at the age of 3 to 7 years and is a consequence of advanced stage 1.

The pathogenesis and etymology of adenoids are not completely clear today. From 5 to 7 years, the morphofunctional organization of the tonsils is subject to numerous changes. Failures in the immune system can be caused by various factors: genetic, infectious, environmental.

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Causes of a child with grade 2 adenoids

The pharyngeal tonsils are a kind of barrier that protects the body from infections that enter through the nose during breathing. Frequent illnesses lead to a disruption of the protective function, and viruses multiply in the lymphoid tissue.

The cause of adenoids of the 2nd degree of adenoids in children can be a chronic disease of the respiratory system or advanced inflammation. As a result, stagnation of lymph and blood occurs in the nasopharynx.

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Risk factors

• heredity;
• fetal hypoxia;
• frequent colds;
• critical environmental situation;
• allergy.

A weakened child's body cannot cope with the infection and reacts to viruses by enlarging the tonsil. If adenoids are not treated in a mild form in time, the disease moves to the second stage. This means that the growths cover the vomer halfway.

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Symptoms of a child with grade 2 adenoids

The first signs of the disease can appear even in one-year-old children. The peak of the disease occurs at the age of 3-5 years. At this age, children go to kindergarten and begin to contact with foreign bacteria, which can lead to frequent illnesses.

Symptoms of grade 2 adenoids in children:

• sleep disturbance. The growths obstruct the air flow, and the baby begins to breathe through the mouth, which is accompanied by snoring and wheezing. The child sleeps restlessly and is tormented by nightmares;
• headache;
• breathing through the mouth even during the daytime;
• persistent runny nose;
• dry cough in the morning;
• hearing loss.

During the development process, parents may notice that the child has speech disorders and has started to speak through the nose. Also, enlarged tonsils can negatively affect the child's physical and neuropsychic development.

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Complications and consequences

Advanced pathology of stage 2 leads to more severe consequences and complications. Adenoid hypertrophy of stage 2 and 3 have identical symptoms. The only difference is the severity. The third stage of the disease has a pronounced character.

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Diagnostics of a child with grade 2 adenoids

It is impossible to independently examine grade 2 adenoids in a child's nose, so when the first signs appear, you must immediately consult a doctor. To determine the diagnosis, you should conduct an examination and take tests.

Diagnosis of grade 2 adenoids in children is based on:

1. Collection of complaints. The doctor conducts a consultation and finds out what worries the parents and what treatment was carried out at home;
2. Detailed examination of the nasopharynx;
3. Examination of the nasal passages.

Today, there are several types of diagnostics that help establish an accurate diagnosis and immediately begin treatment: instrumental and differential.

Instrumental diagnostics includes:

• endoscopy. The study helps to examine the nasopharyngeal tonsil in detail and assess the condition of the mucous membrane. Endoscopy also allows you to determine the presence of polyps, spines or curvature of the septum. This method is highly effective and painless;
• Computer tomography is an equally informative method, allowing one to analyze the structure and shape of the tonsil, as well as adjacent organs and structures. With the help of CT, one can construct a 3-dimensional image;
• ultrasound method. Ultrasound waves allow to determine the thickness of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and enlarged tonsils. The method is absolutely harmless and does not cause discomfort.

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Differential diagnosis

Symptoms that are characteristic of inflamed adenoids do not always indicate the development of this disease. Differential diagnostics is a very important stage in examining a patient. The fact is that various pathologies can develop in the nasopharynx that are fundamentally different from adenoids.

In order to avoid causing harm, the doctor must exclude a number of diseases that have similar symptoms: deviated septum, polyps, leukemia, atrophy of the posterior walls of the lower turbinates.

Treatment of a child with grade 2 adenoids

Inflammation of the adenoids of the 2nd degree in children requires immediate treatment. Otherwise, the disease may take a more complex form. Modern medicine distinguishes two main methods: surgical and conservative.

If there is no urgent need for surgical intervention, doctors tend to conservative treatment of grade 2 adenoids in children:

• nasal lavage. You can use a solution of sea salt or medications, such as Humer or Aquamaris (3-4 times a day, 2 drops in each nostril). The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor;
• inhalations;
• nasal sprays and drops;
• immunocorrectors.

Modern medicine offers a huge selection of antiseptic drugs that help fight adenoids. The most effective drugs are:

1. Protargol. An antiseptic that relieves inflammation, disinfects, and strengthens the immune system. Before instillation, thoroughly rinse the nose with saline solution. The course of treatment lasts from 7 to 14 days. Side effects include itching and burning in the nose. Contraindications - individual intolerance to the components in the drug;
2. Miramistin. The antiseptic is used for external use only. Helps reduce the level of bacteria. Long-term - 4-7 days. After use, a burning sensation in the nasopharynx may occur. After 5-10 minutes, it passes;
3. Isofra is an antibiotic with a bactericidal effect. It destroys viruses that cause nasopharyngeal infections. The antibiotic should not be used if you are hypersensitive to its components. The course of treatment is 3-4 days;
4. Nasonex. Release form - drops or spray. The drug has an anti-allergic effect. Side effects include: nosebleeds, burning and dryness in the nasopharynx, severe headache. It should not be used in children under 2 years of age, in the postoperative period, with tuberculosis or fungal infections.

To speed up the recovery process, specialists often recommend taking medications in combination with physiotherapy. Physiotherapy has a positive effect on the immune system and relieves inflammation.

There are many treatment methods, but not all of them are effective. First of all, the chosen methods must be absolutely safe for children. The most common physiotherapy methods are: medicinal electrophoresis, darsonvalization (exposure to mucous membranes and skin with high-frequency current), ultra-high-frequency therapy (ultra-high-frequency current).

Homeopathic medicines

Recently, the treatment of adenoids with homeopathy has become very popular. Among the homeopathic preparations, the most effective are:

• Lymphomyosot. Has an antihomotoxic, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effect, relieves swelling. Method of administration: children from birth to 2 years old - 2 times a day, 3-5 drops, from 2 to 6 years old - 7-8 drops (2/3 times a day), after six years the child can be given an adult dose of the drug - 10 drops. There is no information on side effects;
• Sinupret. The drug is developed on a plant basis. It helps to remove mucous formations from the nose, helps to get rid of a runny nose and complications caused by adenoids. The dosage depends on the child's age: 2-6 years - 15 drops, from 6 to 12 - 25 drops, over 12 - adult dose (50 drops) per day. The composition contains a small amount of alcohol, so for children it is better to dilute it with water;
• Job-baby. The main advantage of this homeopathic medicine is the elimination of the inflammatory process. Release form - granules. The composition of the drug contains only natural components that do not cause allergic reactions and are safe for children. Moisturizes the inflamed nasal mucosa. The drug is taken 8-10 granules once a day. After 4 days, you should take a 3-day break;
• Thuja oil. Has antimicrobial action. Used for inhalation or nasal drops.

Surgical intervention

Removal of grade 2 adenoids in children is necessary if:

• at night the child stops breathing;
• mental or physical development disorders appear;
• sinusitis diagnosed;
• The disease provoked the development of asthma, enuresis, and otitis.

After examination, the doctor decides whether to remove the adenoids completely or partially. If they often get worse or an inflammatory process is detected, the adenoids are removed completely.

After surgical treatment, it is advisable for the child to stay in bed for a week. Only liquid, light food without spices can be eaten. It is very important to monitor body temperature so as not to miss the onset of the inflammatory process. If the operation was performed incorrectly, the adenoids may grow again.

Treatment of adenoids with folk remedies

Doctors are often very skeptical about folk treatment of adenoids. Despite this, there are effective recipes that can alleviate the course of the disease and improve breathing:

1. Kalanchoe juice. It helps remove mucus from the nose and reduces swelling. To prepare, you will need the juice of the plant and boiled water (1:1). The solution should be instilled 3 times a day, 1-2 drops;
2. Beetroot juice. The remedy is prepared using the same principle. Beetroot juice is diluted with water and 2 drops are instilled twice a day. The solution dries the mucous membrane and relieves inflammation;
3. Sea buckthorn drops. Sea buckthorn oil is recommended to be instilled 3 times a day, 2 drops. The product helps restore the functions of the nasal mucosa.

Herbal treatment is also widespread. To prepare the remedy, you need to make a mixture of eucalyptus (2 parts), chamomile flowers (2 parts), birch leaves (1 part). For a tablespoon of the mixture, you will need a glass of boiled water. When the solution has cooled, you can begin treatment. For two weeks, the remedy is instilled 2 times a day, 2 drops at a time.

No less effective in the fight against adenoids is a collection of mint (1 part), St. John's wort (1 part) and oak bark (2 parts). The principle of preparation and application are identical.

For washing, you can prepare an infusion of leaves: plantain, sage, calendula and coltsfoot. All components are taken in equal parts. A glass of water is enough for a tablespoon of the mixture. The decoction will steep and cool within an hour. Then it needs to be filtered.

Prevention

High-quality therapy and modern diagnostic methods contribute to the complete restoration of breathing, increased mental and physical activity, and the elimination of infections.

Children who suffer from allergies or asthma, with bite anomalies, and speech disorders face complications.

A child has grade 2 adenoids if he is constantly ill. To avoid the development of the disease, it is necessary to monitor the child's diet, develop a love for sports in him. Diseases of the upper respiratory tract should be treated in time, at mild stages. It is also recommended to take vitamins. It is not advisable to choose drugs on your own.

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