Cervical cyst

The cervical cyst is the blocked ducts of the glandular tissue, it is more correctly called a retention cyst or ovuli Nabothi, a cyst of the glandular glands. Cystic formation develops because of the violation of the reverse outflow of the secretory fluid, which in turn is provoked by the displacement of two types of epithelial tissue - cylindrical and flat.

[1], [2], [3]

Causes of the cervical cysts

Cysts are formed due to inflammation of the cervical part of the cervix, due to inflammation in the cervical canal - endocervicitis, as well as for a number of reasons for the unclear etiology. Injury to the vulnerable parts of the neck can also be an intrauterine device, complicated births, abortions, diagnostic studies suggesting scrapings. The gland overflows with a mucous secret, begins to increase, but most often does not bother a woman and is determined only by routine examination - visual examination on the gynecological chair, ultrasound and colposcopy. These cystic formations are almost never transformed into an oncological process, they are not malignant, however, in the cavity of cystic formation, harmful bacteria and other microorganisms that provoke relapses of concomitant or major inflammatory diseases are usually preserved and propagated. Often, the treatment of colpitis or salpingitis, cervicitis or endometritis lasts for years, without providing the proper effect with all the right, seemingly prescriptions. If a cervical cyst is detected, it undergoes adequate therapy, often recurrent inflammations gradually go away. In addition, chronic inflammation leads to persistent infertility, or the problem of pregnancy disruption. Large cysts can significantly change the size of the cervical canal, squeezing it, which is a mechanical, traumatic cause of rejection of the fetus. Of course, in infertility can not blame only pseudo-cysts, but they also make their pathological contribution to this problem. Single, small-sized cystic formation, as a rule, does not have a significant effect on the functioning of the sexual organs, it rarely prevents pregnancy and childbirth. Even if the cyst is determined by ultrasound during pregnancy, it does not interfere with the development of the fetus, and it disappears after delivery, after 35-40 days, when the bleeding stops - the lochia. Also cervical cyst, which is diagnosed as small and single, is not a contraindication to the introduction of contraceptives - rings or intrauterine spirals.

[4], [5], [6], [7]

Symptoms of the cervical cysts

The cervix cyst often develops completely asymptomatically and is diagnosed only when a woman turns to a gynecologist for a vaginal infection or in a routine order for a preventive examination.

[8]

Forms

The cervix cyst is divided into the following types: 

• Single cystic education. 
• Multiple formations, to which the ovuli Nabothi belong, are pseudo-cysts.

[9], [10], [11], [12]

Diagnostics of the cervical cysts

The examination may include the following procedures: 

• Smear for the study of the microflora of the urethral secretion. 
• Smear on the microflora of the mucus of the vagina and cervix. 
• Cytology and histology of the epithelium of the cervix and cervical canal. 
• Identification of possible causative agents of chlamydia, trichomoniasis and other infections by PCP (polymerase chain reaction). 
• Analytical studies of blood - immunofermentogram, hormonal balance. 
• Ultrasound scanning. 
• Colposcopy.

[13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18]

Treatment of the cervical cysts

The cervical cyst or cystic formation of the nodular glands is treated, as a rule, in low-traumatic ways, and visually defined as small cystic formations without purulent contents are most often subjected to radio wave, laser or cryotherapy. Puncture and drainage of cysts is performed in the case of diagnosing larger or multiple formations. The procedure is carried out almost on any day, excluding the days of the menstrual cycle. If bacterial crops identify harmful microorganisms that cause infectious diseases (chlamydia, mycoplasma, candida, leptotriksa - anaerobic "chain" bacterium), additional medicinal antibacterial therapy is indicated.

The laser method is more painful than cauterization, but it is used in the aftermath as the most effective, since it allows not only to neutralize neoplasms, but also to prune blood vessels, to remove inflammation damaged by inflammation. The laser is indicated for women with children, cryotherapy is indicated for nulliparous patients.

Also, as an effective method, the radio wave method is increasingly used, which seems to evaporate (vaporize) an additional passage, which in length resembles a clogged outlet duct. The procedure involves the use of ultrahigh sound vibrations (wave method), so it is absolutely painless and safe. Through the formed collateral course, the contents of the cystic formation are emptied, and the walls of the formation cavity are glued together and stick together. The process of recovery and healing does not take more than three days, as a concomitant manifestation may be minor vaginal discharge, which occur after 2-3 days. As accompanying methods that provide antiseptic treatment, irrigation is used, vaginal suppositories and physiotherapeutic procedures are prescribed. During the whole treatment process, contraceptive means should be used, excluding the possibility of relapse of infection from the sexual partner. Conception and normal pregnancy are possible after the onset and end of the next menstrual cycle with normal values of control planned studies. There are no special restrictions in diet or physical activity during treatment, however it is necessary to minimize sun exposure in order to avoid additional ultraviolet irradiation, including a visit to the solarium. The cervical cyst is prevented with the help of planned regular examinations and effective treatment of inflammatory diseases of the genital area.