Treatment after tooth extraction

Tooth extraction is a very unpleasant procedure, but sometimes inevitable. And after an outpatient operation for tooth extraction from the dental alveoli is performed, quite often people face different problems. Then it is necessary to treat complications after tooth extraction.

Among the most common negative consequences of tooth extraction (or remaining root from it), dentists call bleeding, gingival inflammation, alveolitis, flux, stomatitis and paresthesia. The swelling of the gums and their soreness within a few days after tooth extraction are considered a natural phenomenon, since this operation is very traumatic for the gum tissue. Therefore, in most cases, special treatment for gums after tooth extraction is not required.

Slight gingival swelling and pain can bother patients for two to three days, but then safely pass. Doctors recommend to remove the swelling of the minutes for 10-15 to apply a cold compress to the cheek - several times a day. And pain helps to remove usual painkillers.

Treatment of the wound after removal of the tooth may be necessary in case of bleeding from the hole, which arose a day or more after the operation. Blood can go if the patient accidentally disturbed the place where the tooth was, or blood vessels were touched. Quite intensive bleeding from the hole itself occurs when the dental branch of the lower alveolar artery is damaged. Then it is necessary to consult a doctor who will make a tight tamponade of the hole with iodoform or a hemostatic sponge, and then the patient squeezes it with a cuffed cotton swab. In a hole of a remote tooth, such a tampon lasts no less than five days, and at this time neither eating nor drinking hot is impossible.

With complicated removal of large molars or their roots (with gouging from the gums and subsequent suturing of the wound), inflammatory edema with a dense infiltrate can appear and the temperature jump sharply. This indicates the presence of infection, and in this case, the treatment of inflammation after tooth extraction is the appointment of antibiotics. If antibiotics do not work, and the infiltrate increases with pus, exit one is treatment of purulent discharge after tooth extraction. To do this, the wound is opened, pus is removed, and the iodoform draining turunda is injected into the wound. In such cases it is necessary to visit the dentist for examination and correction of further treatment.

Treatment of alveolitis after tooth extraction

In the socket of the removed tooth, a blood clot is necessarily formed - a thrombus, and this is the pledge of normal healing of the wound. But when the food particles fall into the wound, or if a part of the tooth is left in it, or the tooth hole (alveolus) has been severely injured when the tooth is removed, the clot can disintegrate and its suppuration. Problems arise also when excessive gargling of the mouth after extraction of the tooth a blood clot from the wound is washed out, which leads, as the dentists say, to the dry hole.

In both cases, two to three days after tooth extraction, the gum begins to ache, and the sensation of pain extends to the entire gum and gives to the head. This means that the inflammation of the walls of the socket of the removed tooth - the alveolitis. First, the internal plate of the alveoli, and then the deeper layers of the bone, is involved in the inflammatory process. When the inflammation of the socket of the removed tooth becomes purulent-necrotic, the putative smell from the mouth, the increase in the size of the submaxillary lymph nodes and their painfulness when pressed, and the body temperature increase to 37.5-38 ° C are added to the above listed symptoms.

Treatment of alveolitis after tooth extraction is performed by mechanical removal (under local anesthesia) of decomposed contents from the well with its subsequent disinfection by washing with a solution of hydrogen peroxide (furacilin, chlorhexidine, ethacridine lactate). For complete purification of the alveoli, a tampon moistened with special enzyme preparations (trypsin or chymotrypsin) or camphor-phenolic composition is placed in it, under the action of which necrotic tissues are completely cleaved. After this, an antiseptic tampon, a hemostatic sponge or a special paste with antibiotics is applied to the hole.

In order to treat the hole after tooth extraction as soon as possible led to positive results, patients are advised to make warm baths of the oral cavity with a solution of baking soda (a teaspoon per glass of water) or a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate (manganese). Also, sulfonamide preparations, anesthetics and vitamins (inside) are prescribed.

Treatment of flux after tooth extraction

The inflammatory process that began after tooth extraction can also affect the jaw - its subperiosteal or subgingival region. This disease has the official name of periostitis, and we call it a flux.

An abscess, that is, a purulent focus, is formed in the tissues of the gum, and its localization will depend on where the remote tooth was located. Signs of the flux include severe pain (giving in the eye or temporal region and in the ear), noticeable swelling of the cheek and hyperemia of the mucosa in the region of the removed tooth. Often there is a chill that is associated with an increase in body temperature.

Treatment of flux after tooth extraction, in the first place, involves the immediate removal of the abscess - its opening and rinsing with antiseptic solutions. As a rule, antibiotics are prescribed, for example, Ampioxa or Linkomycin.

Ampiox in capsules of 0.25 g is taken by adults one capsule 4-5 times a day (depending on the intensity of the inflammatory process), the daily dose is no more than 2-4 g. Children from 3 to 7 years of age this drug is prescribed at the rate of 100 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, children 7-14 years - 50 mg (in 4-6 receptions). The duration of the course of treatment is from 5 to 14 days. Side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, allergic reactions. Ampiox is contraindicated in case of allergy to penicillin group drugs.

Lincomycin (250 mg capsules of the active ingredient) is usually prescribed to adults 500 mg 3 times a day at regular intervals (half an hour before meals, with plenty of water). Children aged 6 to 14 years and a body weight of more than 25 kg daily dose are determined at the rate of 30 mg / kg body weight. When taking Linkomycin, side effects may occur in the form of headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, pain in the upper abdomen, stools, skin rashes and itching. Among the protivokokazany this drug: increased individual sensitivity to antibiotics of the group of lincosamides, severe violations of the liver and kidneys, children under 6 years of age, pregnancy and lactation.

Treatment after removal of a tooth of wisdom

Removing the wisdom tooth can be accompanied by symptoms such as pain (including when opening the mouth and swallowing), significant swelling of the gums and surrounding soft tissues, fever.

If, after a day or two, the edema does not decrease, but, on the contrary, starts to grow, a feeling of bursting at the site of the removed tooth, swelling of the cheek and fever, then it is necessary to contact the dentist. Most likely, he diagnoses the alveolitis or hematoma after the removal of the wisdom tooth. Treatment of the alveolitis is similar to the treatment of removal of the usual molar tooth. A hematoma - that is, a cavity with a liquid or coagulated blood - is treated with either oral administration of antibiotics, or (in a more severe condition of the patient) by cutting into the affected area of the gum and setting up drainage, which contributes to the outflow of the contents. As a rule, in the surgical treatment after the removal of the wisdom tooth, antimicrobials are also prescribed.

Treatment of paresthesia after tooth extraction

Paresthesia after tooth extraction is a violation of sensitivity in the case of mechanical damage to the superficial alveolar nerve or facial nerve (with the removal of wisdom teeth).

A sign of paresthesia is numbness of the tongue, lips or chin. According to experts, this complication after tooth extraction occurs with the wrong operation, that is, through the fault of the doctor. However, within a few weeks (or longer), the damaged nerve is restored.

In rare cases, when the degree of nerve damage is significant, patients are constantly insensitive. Then the treatment of paresthesia after tooth extraction is carried out, which consists in taking the combined vitamin preparations containing B vitamins (or injecting vitamins of this group), injections of such drugs as dibazol, galantamine and aloe extract. Also, the physician prescribes physiotherapeutic procedures (UHF, electrophoresis, diadynamic currents).

Treatment of stomatitis after tooth extraction

This disease is an acute or chronic inflammatory process, localized in the mucosa of the oral cavity. Stomatitis after tooth extraction can result from injury to the oral mucosa during dental surgery. In the infection that appears on the mucosa, infection occurs, which leads to ulceration.

To treat stomatitis after tooth extraction, antiseptic agents of local action are used in the form of rinses, ointments or aerosols. For example, aerosol Geksoral has antiseptic, antimicrobial and analgesic properties. Its active substance hexethidine effectively fights with various types of pathogens. Hexoral spray should be sprayed for 2 seconds to the affected areas of the mucosa (twice a day, after meals). The drug has virtually no side effects, but it is contraindicated with individual hypersensitivity to the constituent drugs, as well as children up to three years. And Geoxoral in the form of tablets for resorption appoint adults to 8 tablets per day, and children 4-12 years - 4 tablets a day. For children under 4 years of age this medication is contraindicated.

Did not lose effectiveness and treatment after tooth extraction with medicinal plants - chamomile, sage, St. John's wort, calendula, oak bark, yarrow, geranium forest, sweet clover. The broths and water infusions of these plants are rinsed in the mouth, and this helps with almost all complications after tooth extraction.