White dot on the mole

Mole, in most cases, is a benign neoplasm.

But if in the course of time a person noticed that a white dot appeared on the mole - you should consult a dermatologist.

Causes of the white dot on the mole

The reasons that can cause the appearance of a white dot on the mole are several:

1. Heredity.
2. Exposure to ultraviolet rays. This applies both to the natural source of ultraviolet (sunbathing), and to artificial sources: a solarium, bactericidal lamps. Under their influence, the synthesis of melanin, responsible for the formation of skin pigment, including pigment spots, is activated.
3. Radiation.
4. The dose of X-ray irradiation.
5. Hormonal changes in the body: the period of puberty, pregnancy, menopause or endocrine diseases.
6. Insect bite.
7. Acne or acne.

[1], [2], [3]

Pathogenesis

To date, the pathogenesis of the appearance of a white dot on the mole is not fully understood.

[4], [5], [6], [7]

Symptoms of the white dot on the mole

Symptoms that should alert and force you to seek advice from a specialist:

1. There is a change in the shape of the mole, the contours lose their clarity, they become blurred.
2. Birthmark loses symmetry.
3. A white dot appeared on the surface.
4. There may be pain.
5. It is possible to increase the size of education.
6. The mole can itch and bleed.
7. The appearance of a new nevus with an uneven coloring.

First signs

If a person is attentive to one's health, the first signs that should alert him are the change in the size and characteristics of the birthmark, the appearance of new birthmarks, which, by their characteristics and color scheme, are not similar to those already available.

[8], [9]

White patches on the mole

If the human skin is covered with birthmarks, the number of which can vary over the course of one's life, both in the large and in the smaller direction, and they do not undergo changes, then one should not worry. But any change in the shade, the appearance on the mole of white impregnations - this is a sign that should alert and induce to action!

Such a metamorphosis can be a banal pimple, and can "talk" about the degeneration of benign formation into a malignant tumor. For example, melanoma. To panic at once does not follow. Not all changes lead to cancer. But to establish this fact is necessary and to make it in the state only by an experienced and qualified specialist.

Forms

World medicine accepted the register of diseases - "International Classification of Diseases of the Tenth Revision" (code for microbial 10). The appearance of a white dot on the birthmark by medics can be attributed to melanoma nugs marked with code D22.

Then there is a gradation depending on the location of the pathology:

• D22.0 - on the lips.
• D22.1 - on the eyelids.
• D22.2 - the auricle, auditory canal and adjacent tissues.
• D22.3 - on unspecified parts of the face.
• D22.4 - neck and scalp.
• D22.5 - trunk.
• D22.6 - shoulders and upper limbs.
• D22.7 - lower limbs and hip region.
• D22.9 - melaniform nevus, unspecified.

[10], [11]

Complications and consequences

If a person marks a change that affects the nevus. Or he found a newly appeared nevus with a visible white dot on the birthmark, the consequence of this development may be the process of malignancy.

But if such a mole has been observed for several years, there are other similar pigmented formations, or the person knows that the reason for the appearance of a white dot on the mole is an insect bite, then, most likely, one should not worry.

[12], [13]

Complications

If you ignore the emerging symptoms, the probability of developing complications is great - the degeneration of a benign neoplasm, which is a nevus, into a malignant tumor - melanoma. Melanoma is a cancerous tumor that develops as a result of malignancy of melanocyte cells responsible in the human body for the synthesis of melanin pigment.

[14]

Diagnostics of the white dot on the mole

Diagnosis of a white dot on the mole begins with a physical examination. The doctor carefully examines the tumor. An experienced doctor already at this stage of diagnosis can assess the nature of the changes. Further, a specialist will examine other moles present on the patient's body. After that, he is able to classify a nevus and with a high degree of probability to assess the level of its potential danger in terms of malignancy.

Probably, the doctor will calm fears of the patient and further diagnostics it is not required. The information obtained in the future will make it possible not to miss the appearance of a really dangerous neoplasm.

If there is a suspicion of a malignant nature of the change, the specialist assigns laboratory and instrumental studies to the patient. The doctor must ascertain the heredity of the patient. Were there any patients with melanoma in his family?

[15], [16]

Analyzes

A dermatologist or dermatologist-oncologist may be assigned the following tests:

1. General blood analysis.
2. Clinical analysis of urine.
3. Blood test, which allows to identify the markers of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and protein S-100 characteristic for cancer.
4. Immunogram.

[17], [18], [19]

Instrumental diagnostics

If you suspect a malignant nature of the changes taking place in the patient's mole, the specialist is assigned instrumental diagnostics. This can be one of the following methods or a set of diagnostic measures:

1. Molecular diagnostics. This technique allows one to recognize from one set of healthy cells the one that has undergone malignancy. A study of the structures of the lymph nodes through a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction is carried out.
2. Dermatoscopy - allows using the optics to detail the microstructure of the nevus, to determine its nature.
3. After excision, if the mole is large enough and the material for investigation is obtained, it is necessary that the tissue undergo histology and / or cytology. This method of examination is called a biopsy. It allows you to answer the question about the nature of the mole: benign or malignant is a growth.

Differential diagnosis

The attending physician differentiates the disease, the symptom of which is the appearance of a white dot on the mole, from other pathologies of a similar symptomatology.

1. Melanoma.
2. A bite of an insect.
3. Acne or acne.

[20], [21], [22]

Treatment of the white dot on the mole

If the doctor has even the slightest suspicion of a poor quality neoplasm or the beginning of the process of degeneration, the only way to treat it is to remove the mole with a white dot. But many people are wondering why one or another method of excising a nevus is chosen to achieve the result?

Quite often, if the birthmark is large, physicians resort to the classical excision of education with the help of a surgical scalpel. The procedure is performed under the influence of local anesthesia (mainly lidocaine) and does not cause any inconvenience to the patient.

After anesthesia begins to act, the surgeon makes a cut with the scalpel around the perimeter of the mole. The mole itself is removed with a white dot and a small patch of tissue around it. The wound is superimposed with stitches and a sterile bandage.

As a result of the operation - the patient gets rid of the problem, and the specialist receives a sample of tissue for the study. Such tissues are sent to the histology, which concludes the nature of the cells being examined. When ascertaining the changes that affect the cells of the test sample, the patient may be referred for a broader examination in a specialized oncology clinic.

Malignancy of the birthmark occurs in limited cases. Therefore, if there are no prerequisites to "suspect" the cells of malignancy in malignancy, while the nevus has a small size, a dermatologist can resort to another method of removing a mole with a white dot.

There are several such methods for today:

1. Cauterization by laser.
2. Cryoprusting (freezing) - removing the tumor with liquid nitrogen.
3. Electrocoagulation - burning out with the help of discharges of electric current.
4. Radio wave surgery.

It is necessary to warn people who want to get rid of nevus, that this procedure can not be carried out at home or in the beauty salon. Such surgical treatment at a high professional level can be carried out only in a specialized medical institution.

If there is a chance of malignancy, removal of a mole with a white dot is mandatory and is done only surgically! The use of laser therapies, cryo- and electric ignition in this case is unacceptable.

Medications

On the shelves of modern pharmacies you can find medicines (as noted in their instructions), which make it easy to remove nevuses and at home. Physicians beat alarm and warn that any self-treatment is unacceptable.

If, after removing the birthmark surgically, the patient feels pain in the area of the operation, the treating doctor prescribes an anesthetic. It can be, cefekon D, Iphimol, febricet, acetaminophen, tylenol, perfalgan and a number of others.

Paracetamol is prescribed for patients older than 12 years. The drug is recommended to take an hour or two after eating. Dose - 0.5 - 1 g with a lot of water. If necessary, the anesthetic can be taken at intervals of 4 to 6 hours.

During the day, do not exceed the dosage in 4 g.

If a history of the patient has a disruption in kidney and / or liver function, Gilbert's syndrome, the prescribed dosage of the drug should be reduced, and the interval between doses, on the contrary, is increased.

Depending on the age and weight of the child, the recommended dose also varies:

1. A patient of three to six years, weight 15 - 22 kg - daily dose of 1 g.
2. From six to nine years, weight 22 - 30 kg - the recommended daily amount of 1.5 g.
3. From 9 to 12 years, weight up to 40 kg - daily dosage of 2 g.

The interval between receptions is not less than four hours.

Contraindication to the appointment of paracetamol is the individual intolerance of the patient's body paracetamol or other substance in the drug, severe form of kidney and / or liver dysfunction, as well as the age of the child up to three years.

Alternative treatment

If the cause of a white dot on the mole is a pimple (acne), such a clinic is not dangerous. Extrude it should not be. It is enough for several days and the situation will be resolved independently, the channel will be cleared. In this situation, alternative treatment can help in eliminating a symptom such as itching.

If there is a suspected malignancy of the mole, no alternative treatment is applicable.

[23]

Herbal Treatment

It is possible to offer several recipes that will reduce the intensity of itching in the area of the pimple localized in the mole, the herbal treatment of the white point on the mole is not directly performed.

1. Gadgets from the present of a turn. Prepare it you can fill half a liter of boiling water with two tablespoons of the plant. It's enough 40 minutes for the solution to stick and be usable. A swab dipped in the medicine, gently wipe the birthmark with a white dot. Perfectly removes itching.
2. Effective and tincture, prepared on the basis of a medicinal herb, oregano. Preparing the liquid by pouring in a liter of boiling water a tablespoon of the plant. After insisting, the composition should be drained and used for treating the skin.
3. The root of burdock can alleviate the condition. In a half-liter of boiling water to enter a tablespoon of chopped raw materials. For half an hour, boil on low heat. It is advisable to apply the lotion on a sore spot all night.

Prevention

To prevent the development of melanoma, doctors make a number of recommendations, the implementation of which will save the body from nevus degeneration into a malignant tumor or will make it possible to recognize the pathology even at the early stage of its inception. Preventing the occurrence of a white dot on the mole includes several items:

1. Do not abuse tanning, prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.

1. Exclude or minimize visits to the solarium. Especially if a person has a hereditary predisposition to this disease.
2. Conduct a regular examination of your body for changes in the shade or shape of already existing moles, as well as fix the appearance of new ones. If necessary, as soon as possible, consult a qualified doctor - dermatologist or dermatologist - oncologist.
3. If the human body is covered with numerous nevi, you can take the baths using a soft cloth.
4. Ensure that the birthmark is not injured.
5. It is not superfluous to undergo regular preventive examinations at a dermatologist.

[24], [25]

Forecast

The prognosis of the white dot on the mole largely depends on the cause of its appearance. If this is a commonplace pimple, then there is nothing to worry about. In melanomas, the probability of progression of the pathological process is large enough, but the timely removal of the mole usually leads to a favorable outcome.

Do self-medication, if there was a white dot on the mole, is categorically not permissible. The first thing a person has to do is consult a specialist who differentiates the birthmark, diagnoses correctly and, if necessary, prescribes adequate treatment.

[26], [27]