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Blood clotting disorder
Last reviewed: 07.07.2025
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Pathological bleeding may occur as a result of diseases of the blood coagulation system, platelets or blood vessels. Coagulation disorders may be acquired or congenital.
The main causes of acquired coagulopathies are vitamin K deficiency, liver disease, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and anticoagulant production. Severe liver disease (eg, cirrhosis, fulminant hepatitis, acute fatty liver disease of pregnancy) can impair hemostasis by impairing the synthesis of coagulation factors. Since all coagulation factors are produced by the liver, severe liver disease is associated with an increase in both the partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time (the latter is usually expressed as INR). Sometimes, decompensated liver disease can cause intense fibrinolysis, and bleeding may be due to decreased liver synthesis of α2 - antiplasmin.
The most common hereditary disease of the hemostasis system is von Willebrand disease. The most common hereditary diseases of plasma coagulation of blood are hemophilia.
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