Tooth cyst treatment

The sooner treatment for a dental cyst is prescribed, the greater the patient’s chances of saving the tooth.

A dental cyst is an inflammatory formation consisting of a capsule with semi-liquid contents. The pathology is formed as a consequence of traumatic or infectious damage to the gum. The cyst develops inside it, closer to the tooth root, having a detrimental effect on intact bone tissue.

Methods of treating dental cysts

Many different factors influence the choice of the necessary therapeutic method for the treatment of dental cysts.

The conservative treatment option allows to do without surgical intervention, however, this method is long and does not guarantee a 100% effect. After opening the dental cavity, the canal is mechanically cleaned of purulent contents, disinfected and a so-called "temporary" filling is installed. The tooth is monitored for 3-6 months, and a decision is made to stop treatment or to prescribe surgical intervention.

If this method turns out to be ineffective (and this is allowed, on average, in 30% of cases), there may be several reasons for this: these are the age characteristics of the patient, the state of his immune defense, the stage of development of the pathological formation.

Unfortunately, a dental cyst is usually diagnosed when the process is already in a critical state. In this case, the only therapeutic option may be the surgical method, which provides unambiguous treatment effectiveness.

Treatment of tooth root cyst

This disease can be treated both conservatively and surgically.

Conservative treatment includes drilling out the damaged tooth, cleaning the root canals with bactericidal liquids, and prescribing drug therapy aimed at eliminating the pathological focus. This treatment option is the most gentle, however, after 6 months the patient requires a repeat examination to exclude a relapse of the disease. Depophoresis has become very popular in recent years - a dental method of endodontic cleaning of canals using copper-calcium hydroxide under the influence of a weak electric field. By passing through the canals, the drug gets deep into the cyst, damaging it. After several such procedures, a filling is installed on the tooth, and the drug remaining in the cavity continues to act after the procedure.

Surgical therapy consists of removing the affected elements of the tooth root and tissue, or completely removing the tooth.

• The cystectomy method is a surgical removal of the cyst.
• The hemisection method is the surgical removal of the entire root system of a tooth, followed by covering the surviving remains of the tooth with a crown.

Treatment of dental cysts with folk remedies

Treatment of dental cysts by traditional medicine methods can be supplemented by the use of some folk remedies. But it should be noted that the main therapeutic effect should be prescribed by a dentist.

Let's look at some related folk recipes:

• saline solution - a tablespoon of salt (preferably iodized) is diluted with warm boiled water until completely dissolved. It is used to rinse the sore tooth several times a day;
• alcohol solutions – vodka, alcohol tinctures with herbs (calendula, aloe, St. John's wort, chamomile). Do not use solutions containing more than 40% alcohol to avoid damage to the oral mucosa;
• herbal decoctions - brew 2 tablespoons of dried herbs (sage, chamomile, eucalyptus, yarrow) per glass of boiling water. Rinse your mouth with freshly brewed decoction throughout the day. The decoction cannot be used hot, it must be cooled to body temperature;
• garlic - a piece of garlic clove or a gruel from it is applied to the sore area of the gum. Do not hold it for too long to avoid burns.

Folk remedies are important in the treatment of dental cysts, but the main therapeutic method should be chosen by the dentist.

Laser treatment of dental cysts

One of the most modern technologies of therapeutic influence on a dental cyst is laser. It has many advantages, and therefore is used by dentists more and more often: this method does not require tooth extraction, there is no risk of infection through the instrument, the procedure is absolutely painless, does not require additional anesthesia. After a laser session, there is a quick recovery, in addition, the laser itself strengthens teeth and gums, and also acts as a preventive measure against caries.

A laser is inserted directly into the dental canal and from there into the cyst, which inhibits the activity of bacteria, destroys the cystic formation and disinfects the tooth root. The effectiveness of this procedure is more than 99%.

After the laser therapy session, the dentist will recommend that you refrain from eating or drinking for four hours. The oral cavity will need to be treated with an antiseptic for some time, but healing will be quite quick and comfortable.

Medicines for the treatment of dental cysts

In conservative treatment of a dental cyst, some anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving drugs can be used.

Painkillers used in dentistry are classified as non-narcotic analgesics: they do not affect clarity of consciousness, do not provoke addiction, and have an acceptable analgesic effect. Such drugs include analgin-containing agents, nimesil, and ibuprofen.

The majority of anti-inflammatory drugs have a targeted effect on inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins (regulators of inflammation) by inhibiting cyclooxygenase. Due to this, the inflammation process slows down, symptoms and pain disappear.

• Ketonal is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in dentistry to relieve and alleviate inflammation. Take 1 capsule three times a day or by injection;
• Nurofen (analog of ibuprofen) - a derivative of phenylpropionic acid. Take 200 to 400 mg three times a day;
• Voltaren (analogue of Ortofen, or sodium diclofenac) – used in tablets or injections depending on the doctor’s recommendations;
• Nimesil (nimesulide) - powder, soluble in water, 1-2 doses per dose.

It is also worth noting the analgin-containing drugs tempalgin, pentalgin, sedalgin, etc., which have a less pronounced analgesic effect, but are still used by many doctors to alleviate the patient's condition.

Treatment of dental cysts with antibiotics

After performing a cystectomy for a dental cyst, in order to prevent complications or for other reasons, the patient may be prescribed antibiotic therapy. These are usually broad-spectrum antibiotics that help to cope with the infectious agent at any stage.

In the past, lincomycin and tetracycline were very popular among dentists. Now the range of drugs used is much wider, and the drugs themselves are stronger and more effective. Here are some of them:

• amoxicillin (amoxiclav, augmentin) is a semi-synthetic penicillin antibiotic, has excellent antimicrobial action. Take 500 mg orally three times a day immediately before meals;
• Pefloxacin (Abactal) is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent;
• ciprofloxacin is a very common and effective drug, used at 0.25 g twice a day;
• azithromycin (sumamed) is a macrolide antibiotic. Take 500 mg once on the first day, then 250 mg once on the following days;

Local antibiotics are also used, but they are rarely prescribed due to the impossibility of creating the necessary concentration over the entire volume of the lesion, as well as maintaining a constant, specific amount of the drug on the surface of the tissue.

Surgical treatment of dental cyst

Previously, surgical treatment of a cyst involved removing it along with the damaged tooth. Now there are several gentle tooth-preserving methods:

• Cystotomy. After local anesthesia, the doctor opens the cyst capsule, cleans it, treats it with a bactericide and inserts (sometimes) a cotton swab with an antiseptic, which is replaced or removed after a week. If the healing process is normal, the operation is considered successful. It is quite easy to tolerate, but the recovery stage lasts a long time, along with strict sanitation of the oral cavity.
• Cystectomy. A more extensive operation, characterized by the complete removal of the cyst and the affected element of the tooth root. The cleaned capsule cavity is filled with a restorative substance, and the wound is sutured.
• Hemisection. There are cases when it is not possible to save the tooth completely. Then the cyst, damaged root and part of the tooth are removed, and the resulting voids are filled with a special bone-plastic composition and sutured.

Sometimes, when the process is very advanced, they still resort to a radical method of removing the cyst along with the tooth.

Treatment of dental follicular cyst

A follicular cyst is formed from a dental follicle in the early stages of its development, due to its damage or a defect in the formation of epithelial tissue. The cystic formation does not allow a healthy tooth, which does not yet have hard tissue, to form.

Treatment of such cysts is only surgical. Methods of cystotomy or cystectomy are used depending on the location of the cyst and the stage of its development.

Plastic cystotomy is more often practiced in pediatric dentistry, as it allows for the correct placement and growth of a retained tooth. In adulthood, such a tooth is often removed, as it can disrupt the structure of the dental arch.

Cystectomy is used mainly in adults. The formed bone cavity is filled with special filler substances. Complications after the operation occur quite rarely, and only with prior suppuration of the internal contents of the cyst.

A follicular cyst can manifest itself not only separately, but also multiple times, which greatly complicates the treatment of the process and makes it individual.

Tooth treatment after dental cyst removal

To avoid complications, you need to carefully maintain oral hygiene. 2-3 days after removal, you can rinse with salted or soda water, and rinse your mouth after each meal.

After the operation, painful sensations cannot be avoided, so you can take analgesics (analgin, solpadeine).

Very often, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed after cyst removal, especially if complications are suspected. Taking antihistamines and antibacterial drugs is also very important. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are taken in a course strictly in the dosage prescribed by the doctor. During the period of taking antibiotics, especially strong ones, it is recommended to take measures to prevent dysbacteriosis: use antifungal agents, take vitamin supplements.

Much attention is paid to diet: in the first period after the removal of a dental cyst, it is not recommended to eat coarse food, too hot or cold, or drink alcoholic beverages; try to eat so that pieces of food do not fall on the damaged area and do not injure the gum.

Swelling after dental cyst treatment

The appearance of swelling after surgery is a reason to consult a doctor.

A small swelling of the gum may be the body's reaction to surgical manipulations. Significant swelling accompanied by pain may cause the doctor to suspect osteomyelitis.

Osteomyelitis (bone inflammation) or alveolitis (gum inflammation) may occur as a result of bacteria entering the wound after cyst removal. The characteristic signs of such inflammations are hyperthermia, foul odor from the mouth, pain, swelling of the mucous membrane, and enlargement of the peripheral lymph nodes.

Timely treatment of these inflammatory processes is simple: the wound left after the removed cyst is disinfected with a bactericide. Along with this, an X-ray is taken to exclude the presence of remnants of the removed tooth in the gum, which can cause inflammatory processes in the tissues.

In the presence of pronounced painful swelling, an increase in body temperature to 39C, symptoms of general intoxication, a suspicion of the development of periosteitis may arise. This type of inflammation is treated surgically: the tumor is opened, cleaned and sutured, followed by antibiotic therapy.

[ 1 ], [ 2 ], [ 3 ], [ 4 ], [ 5 ]

Cost of dental cyst treatment

How much does it cost to treat a dental cyst? Of course, in the acute stage of the inflammatory process, this issue, as they say, fades into the background, because the most important thing is health. For informational purposes, we looked at the approximate cost of treatment in several different clinics, and here is what we got:

• X-ray – up to $5;
• infiltration anesthesia – $5-6;
• surgical intervention - cystectomy of odontogenic cyst, including laser method - from $90;
• surgical intervention - cystectomy with resection of the apex of the tooth root (one tooth) - from $115;
• hemisection – from $40;
• closing a cavity in the area of one tooth with bone plastic material – from $50;
• elimination of recession in the area of one tooth root – from $150.

Timely qualified treatment is a good guarantee of complete recovery. Do not be afraid of visits to the dentist, because timely treatment of a dental cyst will help you speed up the healing process and protect you from unpleasant consequences.