Treatment of fish poisoning

What to do if you poison yourself with fish? It is clear that to assess the severity of poisoning and to prescribe an effective treatment can only a doctor, so with severe symptoms it is better to call him at home. And at this time it is necessary to try to provide the person with the feasible help, which consists in:

• Gastric lavage (with chronic intoxication in this there is no sense, because the toxins are concentrated in the blood, and not in the stomach). Rinse your stomach with the simplest of clean, warm boiled water, in which you can add a little potassium permanganate (should turn out a pale pink solution) salt or soda (not more than 1 liter per liter of liquid). A person should drink at least 1 liter of water, after which it is necessary to induce vomiting, irritating the root of the tongue with a finger.

To fully purify the stomach, usually carry out up to 3 procedures, i.e. Until the emetic masses are cleared of food impurities.

• The intake of sorbents, which help to cleanse from harmful substances not only the stomach, but also the intestines. For this purpose, any drugs with the described property that are in the home medicine chest (activated or white coal, Polysor, Polypepane, Enterosgel, etc.) will do.
• Fighting dehydration. The easiest way to combat dehydration is to consume large amounts of clean water. "Diet" patient can be expanded with rice decoction, slightly boiled black, and preferably green tea, mineral water with an alkaline composition.
• Alas, with a strong, incessant vomiting, such treatment will be ineffective, because the liquid will go back, even without really going down into the stomach because of the emetic pangs that arise. Do not help here and the oral forms of drugs specifically designed for the treatment of dehydration. In the case of severe vomiting, only drip fluid administration, which is possible in a hospital environment, can help, and therefore urgently need to call an ambulance, which will take the patient to the hospital.
• If there is only vomiting and there is no diarrhea, you can try to provoke bowel cleansing (and it is in it that the blood of most of the toxic substances is absorbed) with the help of laxatives or an enema with salted water or chamomile broth.

It is hardly possible to come up with anything more effective at the stage of first aid. With easy poisoning, such treatment can be even enough. Treatment of severe poisoning is carried out in a hospital under the supervision of an experienced medical staff.

Read also:  Symptomatic Intensive Therapy for Poisoning

In principle, the patient is prescribed all the same procedures in the hospital, but they are conducted under the supervision of the medical staff and depending on the condition of the victim. In order to combat dehydration, the oral preparations "Regidron", "Hydrovit", "Oralit", "Toast" and others are prescribed. If the person is in serious condition and can not drink the medicine or has the strongest vomiting, because of which he does not have anything can eat or drink, drugs for rehydration are administered intravenously via a dropper. For this purpose there are specially developed preparations in vials: Trisol, Khlosol, and others.

Patients are also assigned enterosorbents. But to take them makes sense, if the patient does not have strong vomiting, which does not allow taking peroral means. The fact is that sorbents are produced only in the form of tablets and powders, which must pass along the digestive tract. Sorption therapy bypassing the stomach does not make sense.

If the victim suffers severe pain in the abdomen, the doctor may prescribe painkillers from the category of spasmolytic drugs (No-shpa, Spazmil, Spazmalgon, etc.). Before the injured is examined by a doctor, it is not recommended to give medicines, because under the guise of poisoning gastritis, pancreatitis or even appendicitis may be hidden. By the way, if there is no certainty that the victim is poisoning, and not appendicitis or other pathology, it is worthwhile to be careful to carry out such procedures as gastric lavage and intestinal cleansing.

Antipyretics under excessively high temperature, which is dangerous for humans, when  poisoning fish  should also appoint a doctor.

Antibiotic therapy in case of food poisoning, caused by bacteria (staphylococcus, salmonella, etc.), is prescribed only in extremely severe cases after the determination of the causative agent of the disease. Indications for the appointment of antibiotics will be such symptoms, observed for two days or more: indomitable vomiting, defecation more than 10 times during the day, the appearance in the feces of blood clots, persistent fever.

If life-threatening symptoms appear, doctors carry out measures to restore breathing, normalize blood circulation and cardiac activity, reduce the severity of neurological disorders. If the poison is caused by the strongest toxins of poisonous fish or botulinum toxin, a special serum is introduced as an antidote, if, of course, it is present.

When the patient's condition is stabilized and the symptoms of intoxication subsided, it's time to start rehabilitation therapy. The fact is that severe diarrhea disrupts the intestinal microflora no less than the intake of antibiotics, therefore in any case during the rehabilitation period it will be necessary to take probiotics (Lineks, Acipol, Hilak, Vetom, Bifidumbacterin and others .), contributing to the restoration of the beneficial microflora of the body.

Since along with feces, vomit and urine, not only water and electrolytes but also other substances necessary for the body go away from the body, patients are additionally prescribed vitamins and vitamin-mineral complexes, as well as immunostimulants, which will help the body to restore its strength.

Drugs for poisoning with fish

So, fish poisoning is usually treated with medicament according to the following scheme: rehydration therapy for replenishment of water and mineral salts in the body, purification of the digestive tract with the help of sorbents, removal of the pain syndrome with severe pain in the abdomen, restoration of the intestinal microflora. Separately, antibiotics can be prescribed, that when poisoning with fish products is rare, and drugs to relieve the symptoms of disruption of the CNS (anticonvulsants, nootropics, etc.).

" Toast " is a oral preparation for rehydration therapy, which is indicated for those who do not have strong vomiting, but there is painful diarrhea. The medicine is produced in the form of powder, packaged in sachets. In addition to salts of potassium and sodium, the drug contains an extract of chamomile, which has an antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effect, reducing pain symptoms and helping the gastrointestinal tract recover more quickly.

It is not difficult to prepare a medicinal solution. It is necessary to dissolve the powder from the bag in a glass of hot water, after which the solution must be cooled to room temperature.

Dosage of the drug is calculated based on the age and weight of the patient. During the first 4 hours, an increased dose of solution is given. For children under 3 years of age, it is calculated as 50 ml per kilogram of the child's weight. Children from 3 years and teenagers are recommended to give 0.5 liters. Adults can increase the dosage to 1 liter.

It must be understood that this is not a single dose. The recommended amount of solution a person should drink within 4 hours. Next, the drug is taken after each visit to the toilet, if the stool remains liquid. Children under 3 years of age are now given a solution in the amount of 10 ml per kg, for older children and adolescents - 0.5-1 glass, for adults - 1 glass (200 ml).

In what cases is it dangerous to take the drug? With an excess of potassium in the body (hyperkalemia), kidney failure, allergic reaction to components. Care should be taken in the cores (hypertension and heart failure) and in patients with diabetes mellitus because of the glucose content in the powder.

Side effects of the drug are rare. This may be an allergic reaction or the development of hyperkalemia.

" Trisol " - the same rehydration, but in the form of an intravenous solution, which contains water for injection, as well as sodium and potassium salts. The drug can be administered and drip in the system, and jet in the form of injection. Injectable drug administration is practiced in extremely difficult situations, for example, with the development of infectious-toxic shock or metabolic acidosis.

Injection of the drug is carried out for 1-3 hours. The solution should approach the temperature of the body (from 36 to 38 degrees).

During the first hour of rehydration therapy, the patient should enter the amount of the drug, which is 8-10% of the body weight of the patient.

Once the patient's condition is slightly improved, jetting is replaced by intravenous administration. Such treatment is carried out for 1-2 days. The rate of drug administration should be in the range of 40 to 120 drops per minute.

During rehydration therapy, it is necessary to monitor the balance of the fluid lost and entering the body. The measurements are taken at intervals of 6 hours.

The drug can not be prescribed with excess potassium and sodium (hyperkalemia and hypernatremia), high chlorine content in the blood (hyperchloriaemia), excessive water content in the body and edematous syndrome, alkalization of the body (metabolic alkalosis), severe heart and kidney pathologies, as a result of which their work is disrupted. Do not prescribe medicine even if there is a danger of cerebral edema or lungs.

Among the side effects that are rare, you can call an excess of potassium and a high blood pH.

" Polysorb " is a known enterosorbent in the form of a powder based on silicon dioxide. Such preparations have a maximum sorption capacity, i.e. The amount of toxins removed from the body is higher than that of drugs based on coal, lignin or clay. In addition, "Polysorb" promotes the preservation of vitamins in the body, removing them in smaller quantities than other sorbents.

Powder before use diluted in water (a quarter or half a glass). The dose is calculated in accordance with the patient's body weight, remembering that 1 teaspoon will contain about 1 g of powder, and in the dining room it will fit 2.5-3 times more. Spoon should be typed with a slide.

What "Polysorb" is good is that it can be given to children from birth. Breasts up to 10 kg of the drug is prescribed in a dosage of 0.5-1.5 grams per day, diluting the powder in 1 / 5-1 / 4 glasses of water. Children with a weight of up to 20 kg minimum dosage (0.5 g) is prescribed at one time.

Children from 20 to 30 kg at a time should consume 1 g of powder, previously diluted in ¼-1/3 cups of water.

Patients with a weight within 30-40 kg - 2 g of the drug are diluted in half a glass of water. Those who weigh below 60 kg, take 2.5-3 g of powder diluted in ½ cup of water. If the weight of the victim is more than 60 kg, a single dose of powder for it can be increased to 6 grams (2 tablespoons).

If it is a food allergy, for example, when eating fodder fish, the prepared suspension should be taken with food or immediately after meals for 1.5-2 weeks.

If the cause of the ailment is poisoning with fish, then at the beginning of the solution the stomach is washed (2-4 g of powder is taken per liter of water), and then the suspension is taken inside. Treatment usually takes 3-5 days.

If the intestinal infection was diagnosed after eating fish, the prepared suspension should be taken regularly at the 1 hour intervals during the first day. On the second day the frequency of admission will be 4 times a day. Treatment continues for 5 to 7 days.

Admission of the calculated dose of the drug is recommended in most cases 3 times a day, but in the case of intestinal infections, you can add 4 more times to get by without taking antibiotics.

The drug is not prescribed for hypersensitivity to its composition, with exacerbation of peptic ulcer, with wounds on the intestinal mucosa, with obstruction of the intestines. Be wary of infants.

Sorbent intake in some cases was accompanied by constipation, and even more rarely - allergic reactions.

" Filtrum " - a natural non-toxic sorbent based on lignin (obtained by hydrolysis of wood) with an indicative name that speaks for itself. It is produced in the form of tablets, which is not typical of most enterosorbents. One tablet contains 400 mg of active ingredient.

Tablets before use are ground into a powder and mixed with water or simply washed down with it. Take the medicine one hour before a meal. After taking the sorbents, other drugs can also be taken no earlier than an hour later.

Infants are given half a tablet for 1 dose. Babies from one to three doses can be increased to 1 tablet or leave minimal. Children under 7 years of age should take 400 mg at a time, and those who have not yet reached the age of 12 can give 400-800 mg. A single dose for older patients ranges from 800 to 1200 mg (2-3 tablets).

Take medication 3 or 4 times a day. Treatment of acute poisoning is carried out within 3-5 days. If it is a chronic intoxication or allergic reactions to fish, therapy can be delayed by 2-3 weeks and the possibility of repeated courses.

Contraindications to use and side effects are identical to the preparation "Polysorb".

" Spasmodic " is one of the popular antispasmodics that can be prescribed for spasmodic pains in the stomach and intestines, which often arise from poisoning with fish or stale foods. The drug is good because it contains both an antispasmodic and an analgesic.

The drug is prescribed for patients older than 15 years in a daily dosage of 1-2 tablets for no more than 5 days. Take the drug after eating, which will reduce irritation of the stomach mucosa. Take the tablets with water (half a cup).

The drug works well for spasms of smooth muscles and can even reduce the severity of neurologic symptoms, but it is not entirely safe because it has a decent list of contraindications. Among them we find: hypersensitivity to the medicine, bone marrow and blood diseases, severe liver and kidney pathologies, reducing their functionality, reduced tone of the gallbladder or bladder. Do not prescribe the drug for tachycardia, glaucoma, prostate diseases with urinary retention, intestinal obstruction, stably low blood pressure, bronchial asthma, during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Taking the drug may be accompanied by the appearance of skin rashes and irritations, allergic and anaphylactic reactions, asthma attacks, dyspepsia and abdominal pain, exacerbation of gastric diseases. Possible tachycardia and a marked increase in blood pressure, fainting, changes in blood composition, visual impairment and accommodation, kidney failure, hypohydrosis.

" Linex " is a drug that will help restore the normal intestinal microflora after diarrhea caused by fish poisoning. This drug is based on lacto- and bifidobacteria. Available in the form of capsules with powder. Refers to antidiarrheal microbial preparations.

The dosage of the drug depends on the age of the patient. Babies younger than 2 years receive 1 capsule of the drug for 1 dose. A single dose for children under 12 years can be 1-2 capsules. Patients older than 12 years of age are recommended taking 2 capsules. The frequency of reception is stable and is 3 times a day.

It is difficult for young children to swallow drugs in the form of capsules, so for them you can make an exception by pouring powder from the capsule into a teaspoon filled with sweet water or tea. Do this immediately before taking the medicine.

Take the drug with meals to reduce the negative effect on the lactobacillus of acidic gastric juice. You should avoid drinking alcohol. Do not drink medicine with hot liquids.

The drug can be prescribed even during diarrhea, if 2 days after the start of taking capsules the chair does not return to normal, it is necessary to consult a doctor again.

The drug is not prescribed only with individual sensitivity to it. Yes, and side effects are possible only in the form of light allergic reactions.

List and description of drugs, the use of which will help in poisoning fish, you can continue. But you need to take into account that the doctor prescribes medications, based on the cause of poisoning, the patient's condition, his chronic and acute pathologies, the clinical picture and some other factors, so it's impossible to foresee the list of prescription drugs in advance.

Treatment at home before the arrival of a doctor should not include the use of antibiotics, analgesics, antipyretics and other drugs. Antiemetic and stiffening stools for poisoning are generally prohibited. Allowed only enterosorbents and drugs that fill the volume of fluid and electrolytes in the body. If the poisoning is light (there are practically no strong pains and vomiting, and moderate diarrhea) and the doctor did not cause, then in this case one sorbent should suffice, and with dehydration it is possible to struggle with the correction of the drinking regime, i.e. Drink more water.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

Alternative treatment

But in what the patient will not be limited, so it is in the possibilities of alternative treatment. Many alternative recipes are universal and go for both bacterial poisoning and toxic damage. But again their use can show worthy results only in case of easy poisoning. When poisoning with strong poisons (botulinum toxin, teradotoxin, etc.) to test fate, practicing alternative recipes, is not recommended. Even with severe bacterial poisoning, recipes for alternative medicine are better to use as additional funds.

One of the universal means for any food poisoning is clay. Of all its types that can be found on sale, the best properties of the sorbent are white clay due to the silicon content. To prepare the medicine you need to take 1 tablespoon. Clay in powder and stir it with a glass of water.

When poisoning the fish take this medicine after washing the stomach. In addition to sorption properties, it has an enveloping action and prevents the absorption of toxins into the blood.

The use of mackerel fish causes severe allergic reactions. To somehow reduce the itching and prevent the spread of the rash, you can make a soda bath by adding 400 g of soda to the bathing water. The procedure should be carried out twice a day.

For the same purpose, it is possible to use the ash formed after the burning of the tree. The ashes are boiled with water, insist and filter. Alkaline vodichkoj repeatedly within day wash a body covered with a rash.

As an antidote for non-severe fish poisoning, chicory can be used. The root of the plant has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, quickly removes toxins, normalizes metabolism, improves gastrointestinal function. In this case, chicory powder can be purchased at any grocery store.

1 tbsp. The curative powder is added to a glass of hot water and poured into a thermos bottle. When the drink is infused, it is drunk in 4 sets. Take the medicine you need 30 minutes before eating.

Alas, such treatment is not suitable for patients with gastritis, varicose veins and hemorrhoids.

As a natural sorbent, you can use cinnamon, which is also able to remove painful spasms in the intestine. This spice in powder is also found on many outlets. Here on a glass of boiling water we take only ½ tsp. Powder. Infusion can be consumed after 15 minutes in a warm form gradually. Daily dose - no more than 7 glasses.

In the treatment of herbs, a special place is given to dill, althea, yarrow, wormwood. Dill Vodichka (a decoction of 1 teaspoon of spice plant seeds and 1.5 glasses of water) makes vomiting less painful, and honey flavored also helps to eliminate toxins. In a day you need to drink about a liter of such a drink.

The roots of the althea help the body to restore strength to fight the disease (1/2 teaspoon of crushed raw material is poured into ¾ cup of boiling water for half an hour). The medicine is taken 4 times a day. Single dose - 1 tbsp.

From the leaves and flowers of the plant, you can also make healthy tea and drink it three times a day.

Wormwood and yarrow are used in the complex for elimination of toxins. Mix dry raw materials in equal proportions. For 0.5 liters of boiling water we take 2 tsp. Mixture of herbs and insist a quarter of an hour. After percolation, we drink medicine throughout the day in small doses.

During the preparation of the drug, we try to observe the proportions, not forgetting that the wormwood in large doses is a rather poisonous plant.

Homeopathy

With food intoxications, including fish poisoning, the list of drugs that a victim can take before consulting a doctor is severely limited, and alternative treatment is effective as an auxiliary component. But some of the tools of homeopathy experts recommend without fear of applying already when the first signs of poisoning. Their reception will not affect the diagnostic picture, but it will help stop intoxication and reduce the intensity of its symptoms.

When poisoning fish and seafood can use the help of 6 homeopathic medicines, which can be taken one at a time or in a complex:

Arsenicum album is a medicine effective for poisoning any animal food. First of all, it is necessary to pay attention to it when nausea, vomiting, spasmodic pains arise, frequent desires on a chair (the stool has a nasty smell and contains particles of undigested food), which usually arise during a meal, strong weakness, fear of death.

Pulsatilla is a drug effective for poisoning with stale fish, which is accompanied by heaviness in the stomach, epigastric pains, dyspepsia, diarrhea. The same drug will help alleviate the condition with diarrhea caused by eating oily or other fatty fish.

Carbo vegetalis is one of the best medicines for fish poisoning and overeating of fatty foods, when there is a strong bloating, rumbling, epigastric pains, there is a strong weakness, as a result of which a person becomes covered with a cold sweat. The pulse is weakened, cyanosis of the face and cyanotic lips are noted.

Hina is a homeopathic remedy used for flatulence, painful diarrhea and vomiting, fever and severe thirst resulting from poisoning by fish. At the same time, a person becomes too sensitive to touch because of the increased excitability of the nervous system, and signs of dehydration appear.

In general, quinine is considered the best medicine for dehydration. Its use is possible both during diarrhea and vomiting, and after the cessation of symptoms.

Likopodium - a medicine that will be needed for poisoning or allergies to fish and seafood, for example, when meat is poisoned by mackerel fish. In this case, the patient will be present as symptoms of an allergic reaction (skin hyperemia, itching, rashes), and signs of digestive system disorders (vomiting, belching, diarrhea, etc.).

Nuks vomica is a fairly popular drug whose use will facilitate the patient's condition in any food poisoning, including fish poisoning if symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, painful bowel spasms, stomach pain, fever.

With mild poisoning, these drugs will help avoid hospitalization, but with severe intoxication, counting only on them is not worth it. Treatment of serious intoxication at home with the help of alternative medicine very often ends badly.

[6], [7], [8], [9], [10],