Treatment of dolichosigma: surgery, nutrition and diet, folk remedies, massage

Dolichosigma is a serious intestinal pathology, which causes a violation of its motility and contractile activity. As a result, constipation develops. The intestines are not emptied, feces accumulate in it. This is facilitated by the abnormal length of the sigmoid colon. With prolonged constipation, its expansion can also occur. Constipation is dangerous due to its complications: intoxication of the body with feces, their hardening, inflammation can develop. The most dangerous complication is intestinal atony and its fibrosis. Sometimes the pathology can occur against the background of other diseases.

If it is impossible to restore normal bowel movements with the help of a diet, drug therapy is prescribed. Laxatives, cleansing and laxative enemas are used. Homeopathic remedies and folk recipes can be used. If necessary, physiotherapy procedures can be additionally prescribed. Symptomatic therapy is carried out: painkillers are prescribed for severe pain, and antispasmodics are prescribed for spasms.

If conservative medicine is ineffective and complications and pain develop, radical methods are used – surgical intervention.

Medicines

If the diet does not have a positive effect on the condition of the intestines, you need to take medications. Admission is allowed only after a preliminary consultation with a doctor, since it can cause various complications and only worsen the situation. Exceeding the dosage can lead to side effects: irritation of the intestines, increased contractile activity.

For prolonged constipation, over 3-4 days, use Duphalac. It is recommended to take 1-2 tablespoons of the medicine at a time. It can be taken 3-4 times a day.

To eliminate constipation, mucofalk is also used - 1 packet is dissolved in a glass of water and drunk before meals. The maximum daily dose is 4 packets.

Duspatalin is taken 1 tablet twice a day, 20 minutes before meals. The drug is released in capsules that need to be swallowed without chewing. It should be washed down with plenty of water.

Festal helps normalize bowel function. Take 1 tablet 3-4 times a day. Increases smooth muscle tone and muscle contractility.

Laxatives for dolichosigma

First, you need to normalize your diet, include as many products as possible that have a laxative effect. You need to add as many vegetables, fruits, and juices as possible. You need to drink at least 1.5-2 liters of clean water per day. If such a diet does not alleviate the condition, only then can you take laxatives. Such drugs as mucofalk, duphalac, duspatalin, festal, buckthorn extract have proven themselves well. You should start taking the drugs with a minimum dosage. Only if there is no effect, the dose can be increased. Otherwise, addiction can develop very quickly, and the drugs will stop having a therapeutic effect. Also, with prolonged and uncontrolled use of laxatives, complications can develop: disappearance of the defecation reflex, fecal incontinence, intestinal irritation.

It is recommended to take folk, herbal and homeopathic remedies. They are highly effective, do not cause addiction, have fewer side effects. Various oils have long been used as laxatives: linseed oil, sunflower oil, olive oil and others. If there is no positive effect, an enema is given.

Forlax for dolichosigma

Forlax can be taken as a laxative. It has proven itself well, as it has no side effects, acts gently on the stomach and intestines, and does not cause irritation. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day.

Duphalac treatment for dolichosigma

Dufalac is a mild laxative that has virtually no side effects or contraindications. It can be taken even during pregnancy. It is recommended to take 1-2 tablespoons at a time. It can be taken 3-4 times a day.

[ 1 ]

Probiotics for dolichosigma

Constipation is often accompanied by a violation of the microflora. The species and quantitative composition of the bacterial flora changes. This also has a negative effect on the condition of the body, can aggravate constipation, cause additional inflammation. If the normal ratio is disturbed, pathogenic flora may begin to predominate. Or free niches can be occupied by a fungus, which leads to the development of candidiasis. Inflammatory and infectious processes are transmitted to other organs and systems. Often, intestinal dysbacteriosis is accompanied by a violation of the microflora of the genitourinary organs, respiratory tract. Long-term disruption can lead to a decrease in immunity, or the development of autoimmune processes. Probiotics are used to normalize the microbiocenosis. They are used strictly according to the scheme prescribed by the doctor. It is necessary to undergo a full course. In no case should you finish treatment without consulting a doctor, since the microflora can be disrupted even more. Such drugs as lactobacterin, bifidum, symbiter, various yogurts with bacterial starters have proven themselves well.

Enema for dolichosigma

Enemas are prescribed only if constipation cannot be eliminated with the help of diet and laxatives. Clean water, saline solutions, herbal decoctions are used for enemas. Enemas should not be abused, as this can lead to a decrease in defecation reflexes. With constant long-term use of enemas, the urge to defecate may disappear, or fecal incontinence may develop. Also, a consequence of prolonged use of enemas can be irritation of the intestinal walls, their inflammation. As a result, irritable bowel syndrome and colitis develop.

[ 2 ], [ 3 ]

Vitamins

To eliminate constipation, not only a complete diet is required, but also a sufficient amount of vitamins in the body. For dolichosigma, it is recommended to take vitamins in the following daily concentrations:

• Vitamin PP – 60 mg
• Vitamin H – 150 mcg
• Vitamin C – 500-1000 mg
• Vitamin A – 2400 mcg
• Vitamin D – 45 mcg.

Physiotherapy treatment

Physiotherapeutic procedures are often used in the treatment of dolichosigma. They are usually used when traditional therapy is ineffective. Physiotherapeutic procedures are also used at the stage of rehabilitation after an illness, in the postoperative period. They are widely used in sanatorium, resort and rehabilitation treatment.

The most effective methods are considered to be massage of the anterior abdominal wall, visceral massage, therapeutic exercise and yoga therapy. Electrostimulation of the colon, hydrocolonotherapy, and acupuncture are also performed. Laser therapy may be additionally prescribed. Electrophoresis and galvanization are used to introduce drugs directly into the tissue.

Abdominal massage for dolichosigma

With dolichosigma, it is necessary to massage the abdomen daily. It helps to relax tense areas, tones up flaccid, atonic zones. As a result, blood flow increases, blood supply to internal organs, including the intestines, improves. Massage eliminates congestion, improves peristalsis and motility, increases contractile activity of smooth muscles. This promotes fecal movement, reduces its density and hardness. Edema and hyperemia are eliminated.

When performing a stomach massage, you need to remember the basic rule: it should be done clockwise. If the movements are done counterclockwise, diarrhea will develop.

The massage is performed in several stages. First, a soft stroking is performed. The movement is superficial, light, performed by rubbing the surface of the skin. Blood circulation is significantly improved, the skin is rubbed with light movements. In this way, we warm up the upper layer, prepare the skin for further, deeper impact.

Then we move on to squeezing. The movements are deeper, with pressure. The intensity of the impact increases. The skin is rubbed, the impact is on a deeper layer. The subcutaneous tissue, the lower layers of the dermis, which are on the border between the internal organs and the skin, are mainly affected. It makes it possible to prepare the deeper, internal layers for mechanical impact.

Then we move on to the next stage – rubbing. Intensive action is carried out, the skin and subcutaneous muscle layer should be completely warmed up. Rubbing is carried out with long, intensive movements in both directions. Blood circulation should increase, areas of redness should appear on the skin.

Then we move on to kneading. This is the main stage, during which the muscle layer is fully worked out, and the main effect of the massage is achieved. All the previous stages are essentially preparatory stages for kneading. You cannot start with kneading right away. The skin and upper muscle layers must be prepared for the impact gradually. Otherwise, you can get complications in the form of bruises, mechanical damage to tissues. In addition, if the area is not prepared well enough, it will be impossible to reach the desired layer and it will not be possible to eliminate stagnation. The procedure carried out without preliminary preparation will be painful.

We try to penetrate deep into the abdomen with our fingertips, into the muscle layer. We go along the intestine, along the course of the intestine. We try to capture the muscle layer as much as possible, knead it, work it out, moving forward, in the direction of the rectum and anus.

The duration of such kneading should not exceed 15 minutes, after which we begin to reduce the intensity and depth of the impact. Gradually move to lighter, superficial movements. Perform several superficial strokings, then intermittent vibration movements, tapping, light patting. Then perform a long vibration technique - with the fingertips we create vibration, oscillation along the entire digestive tract.

Of course, you can try to do this procedure yourself. But it is better to entrust it to a professional massage therapist who has the skills of visceral massage. He will do everything correctly, observing the necessary tempo, rhythm, duration and depth of impact. The risk of complications with such a procedure is significantly reduced.

Abdominal Wave Massage for Dolichosigma

It is better to do a regular wave massage on your own. You need to do it in a calm rhythm, clockwise. We make light wave-like movements with our hand. First, we try to go deeper into the skin with our fingertips, then we roll and exert the main influence with the center of the palm. From the center of the palm, we roll to the base of the palm, and exert influence with this area. Then we perform the movements in the reverse order.

If you look at the movement from the side, you should get a light wave that goes deeper and deeper into the abdomen. At first, the movements are light and superficial, then deeper. Ultimately, you need to try to touch as deep layers as possible, knead, thoroughly work through each muscle and intestine, while moving the contents towards the rectum, anus. The duration of the procedure is no more than 15-20 minutes.

We finish the procedure slowly. Gradually begin to slow down the movement, reduce the intensity of the impact, the depth of the muscle layer. We finish the procedure with light, superficial movements. You can do a light vibration at the end, a few pats.

Acupressure for dolichosigma

Acupressure involves the impact on biologically active points that are located not only in the intestinal area, but throughout the body. With the help of receptors and nerve endings, these points are connected to the corresponding areas of the intestine. If you carefully work on the main points, you can significantly improve blood flow, metabolic processes in the corresponding areas of the intestine, reduce the severity of congestion and pain.

Almost all eastern medicine, su-jok therapy is based on point impact. You can perform the procedure yourself at home, but its quality and effectiveness are significantly reduced compared to professional performance. You can influence the points in various ways - pressing, patting, twisting. Even point heat and cold impact are used. But the traditional method of influence is considered to be pressing.

The massage is performed on the feet. First, the skin is pre-prepared for the effect. Classic stroking is performed. The skin is stroked over the surface with calm, smooth movements. Then the depth and intensity of the effect increases, we move on to squeezing. Gradually we go deeper into the skin, the movements become more intense and pressing. After this, we move on to rubbing - we rub the skin intensively in different directions. A burning sensation should appear. With good rubbing, blood circulation improves, and the skin becomes redder.

Now we move directly to the point massage. We use the pressing technique. We find the desired point and apply pressure to it with the thumb. The intensity of the impact should be moderate: it is important to feel sufficient pressure and deepening into the tissue, but there should be no painful sensations.

In order to influence the sigmoid colon, you must first find the point on the foot that corresponds to this colon. It is located in the central part of the foot, in the area of the protrusion of the big toe. We work on this zone, then move on to working on the entire zone from the big toe to the little toe. Slowly move on to each toe and work on the pads of the fingers pointwise.

We move on to the Achilles tendon and begin massaging this area with pincer-like movements. Then we work the entire foot with soft squeezing movements. We begin rubbing the entire foot, after which we slowly move on to stroking. We finish the movement with light vibration techniques.

Exercise therapy for dolichosigma

Therapeutic physical training is very useful for dolichosigma, since it is the low level of mobility and sedentary lifestyle that cause its development. It is better to take classes in a clinic or special health centers, under the guidance of experienced instructors. They will tell you which exercises are suitable in each specific case, and control the intensity and dosage of the load.

In chronic constipation and dolichosigma, exercises involving intense loads and mobile exercises are suitable. Jumping is recommended. In this case, you should strive to perform the maximum number of jumps in one minute. You should start with a slow rhythm: no more than 30 jumps per minute. After that, gradually increase the load: add no more than 10 jumps per week. After 2 months, you need to reach a speed of 100-150 jumps per minute. It is useful to alternate jumping on two legs with jumping on one leg. Jumping rope is also useful, both forward and backward.

Squats are also useful. You need to squat according to a certain pattern: first, stand straight. Start to slowly lower yourself down. When you have lowered yourself, try to relax your body, stretch your back straight, try to straighten your spine as much as possible, relax the muscles along it. Sit in this position for another 10 seconds. After that, start to slowly rise up. Reach a position in which your legs are parallel to the floor. Hold this position, then start squatting again. Squat down, completely relax at the bottom. Pay special attention to the spine and the muscles located along it. Rest in this position for 10 seconds, then begin to slowly rise up over the next 10 seconds. Rise up, then completely relax your arms, legs, shake your arms. Rest for 10 seconds and continue squatting again. In total, you need to do 10 of these squats. After you have completely mastered squats in this rhythm, you can increase the load. We increase the duration of each stage of squats first to 20 seconds, then to 30, 40, 50 and 1 minute.

After each such squat in a slow rhythm, it is necessary to perform squats in a fast rhythm. To do this, squat at a speed of 50 squats per minute. If you can’t do it completely, you don’t have to do deep squats, just squat a little, setting the amplitude. It is enough to bend your legs at the knees a little, but the main thing is to do it at the right speed. After that, you can increase the depth of the squats, gradually reaching hollow, deep squats at a speed of 50 per minute.

After doing squats, it is advisable to do exercises aimed at developing the press. To develop the lower press, lie on your back, hands behind your head. Legs should be clamped between some object so that they do not move and do not come off the floor during the exercises. You can ask one of your relatives to hold your legs. Slowly rise up, lower your head to your knees, then lower yourself to the starting position. Do 10 times, gradually increasing the load to 100 times.

To pump up the lower press, you need to lie on the floor, lying on your back, relax. Then lift your straight legs up, bend them at the knees, try to bring them as close as possible forward, to the stomach. At the same time, lift your head up, touch your knees with your forehead. You should start with 10 times, gradually increasing the load to 100 times.

It is also useful to do the "Boat" exercise. To do this, lie on your stomach, hands behind your head, legs straight. Lift your head and hands off the floor. Raise it as high as possible, try to lift your chest and shoulders off the floor. After that, lift your legs up as wide as possible. Keep your arms and legs raised at the same time, try to lift them off the floor as high as possible. After that, start swinging like a boat on the waves. Try to raise your arms, head and chest as high as possible. Raise your legs as high as possible as well. Alternate raising your arms and head with raising your legs, creating the greatest possible swinging amplitude.

[ 4 ]

Exercises and gymnastics for dolichosigma

Any physical exercises, including gymnastics, have a positive effect on the treatment of dolichosigma. When performing physical exercises, blood flow increases, contractile activity of muscles increases, including smooth muscles, as a result of which peristalsis and intestinal motility significantly improve.

Of the gymnastic exercises, the most useful are those aimed at relaxing and stretching the muscles. The set of stretching exercises below has proven itself to be effective.

Before you start doing the exercises, relax. You can close your eyes and lie down for a few minutes. Then take a few slow breaths in and out, and start to rise to a sitting position.

Sit up straight, stretch your legs forward, knees straight. Keep your back as straight as possible. Take the heel of your right leg in your hands and pull it towards you. Support your leg by the heel and calf muscle, try to pull it as close to the hip joint as possible. Hold and try to relax. Try to lower the knee of the raised leg as low to the floor as possible. You can help yourself with your free leg, lowering the knee to the floor, pressing it as low as possible. You can start the exercise with 2-3 minutes, gradually increasing the duration. Then change legs and repeat the exercise for the second leg.

Do not change the starting position. Take a deep breath in and out. While inhaling, slowly lower down to straight legs. Try to lower your arms, chest and head as low as possible, put them on your knees. Try to relax as much as possible in this position. Sit for a few minutes, then slowly bend your legs at the knees. The head remains in the same position. Try to rest your knees on your stomach. Try to perform small amplitude movements with your legs, while passing your stomach with your knees. Do as long as possible, at least 3-4 minutes. Then return to the starting position. After this exercise, you can lie on your back, relax, rest for 2-3 minutes. Take 2-3 deep breaths in and out, move on to the next exercise.

Sit on the floor, keep your back straight. Bend your knees, and touch the soles of your feet together. Try to lower your knees as low as possible to the floor (so that they touch the floor). If this doesn’t work, try to press your knees with your hands. Stay in this position for 2-3 minutes. After that, leave your legs in the same position, and move your hands forward. Bend forward, try to go as low as possible, and lie with your chest on the floor. Stay in this position for 4-5 minutes, then return to the starting position.

Then we sit on our knees. We sit our buttocks on our heels, or on the floor between our heels. We straighten our back. Then we begin to slowly lean back. We lie down with our back on the floor, leaving our legs in the starting position. We try to relax as much as possible in this position. After that, we bring our legs out in front of us. We slowly pull them to our stomach, and roll into a squatting position.

After completing a set of exercises, you can relax, lying on your back, closing your eyes.

Yoga for Dolichosigma

Classical hatha yoga offers a whole range of exercises aimed specifically at cleansing the stomach and intestines.

Mayurasana, or the peacock pose, is good for cleansing the intestines. To perform this asana, you need to kneel down, spread your knees slightly. Lower your hands to the floor. Turn your palms with your fingers towards you. Gradually go even lower. Bend your elbows, lower yourself onto your forearms. Try to place your stomach on your elbows. Lower your head to the floor, rest your hands on the stomach and intestines. Try to move all your body weight into your head and arms, while pressing your elbows harder and harder on the stomach. This allows you to massage the outer and inner walls of the abdomen.

If the exercise is difficult, you need to stay in this position. You need to do the exercise for at least 5 minutes. Do the exercise daily, preferably in the morning, on an empty stomach. Gradually increase the duration of the exercise. Every day we try to do it as long as possible, eventually we need to bring it up to 30-40 minutes per approach.

If the exercise works, we begin to complicate it. From the described position, slowly lift your head up. Stretch your head, chest and torso forward. Gradually move your legs back, try to lift them up. The emphasis should be on your hands. Hands press on the stomach area. Keep your whole body straight, parallel to the floor.

To exit, lower your legs down, bend them at the knees, sit on your heels. Slowly raise your head up, straighten your spine. Sit up straight, straighten your back, relax. You can take a few deep breaths.

After this, it is recommended to perform the Mula-Sadha complex, designed to cleanse the rectum. It helps to remove gases and feces from the intestines by stimulating intestinal motility.

We sit in a special pose – Vatayanasana. To do this, we sit on our knees. We lower our buttocks onto our heels. You can connect your toes, spread your heels apart and sit your buttocks in the area between your heels. We straighten our back, relax our muscles. We try to stretch our spine upward. Eyes closed, we perform several cycles of full, deep breathing.

Then we begin to stimulate the large intestine. To do this, massage the lower abdomen. Perform light, pressing movements. Press with four fingers of the right hand. Massage the iliac region, press the cecum to the pelvic area. Hold until you feel a light vibration. After this, perform a circular massage of the abdomen. Observe the direction of the movements - counterclockwise, in a spiral, starting from the navel. Perform from 5 to 20 minutes. Usually after such a procedure there is an urge to defecate, and defecation itself. After the procedure, it is recommended to drink a glass of warm water.

Folk remedies

Various folk remedies are quite effective in treating constipation and dolichosigma. They are most effective as part of complex therapy. Despite the fact that folk remedies are relatively safe, they should be used after prior consultation with a doctor. The remedies are quite simple, but nevertheless effective.

Castor oil is recommended to eliminate constipation. Take on an empty stomach, as part of coffee. Brew regular coffee, to taste, let it cool a little. When the coffee becomes warm, add 1 tablespoon of castor oil. The remedy is contraindicated during pregnancy, as it has abortive properties (causes miscarriages and premature births).

The second way is to add a tablespoon of castor oil to a glass of hot beer. Drink it at night, before going to bed. The next morning, the bowels usually empty.

It is also recommended to drink a glass of kefir with 1 tablespoon of vegetable oil before going to bed. Mix thoroughly and drink in small sips. This remedy is especially effective for spastic constipation.

Pickle brine has also proven itself to be a good treatment for constipation. However, the brine should not contain any spices or seasonings. Drink 4 glasses a day for a month. Normalizes bowel function, promotes regular bowel movements and relieves spasms and pain.

[ 5 ], [ 6 ], [ 7 ], [ 8 ]

Herbal treatment

Herbs are the best helpers in treating constipation. They have virtually no side effects and are approved for use at any age. However, before using them, you should consult a doctor, as many may have individual contraindications or are not compatible with drug therapy.

The most well-known laxative is buckthorn herb. One tablespoon of the fruit is poured with a glass of water, left to brew for 2 hours, then I drink half a glass at night. It is better to drink warm.

Senna herb also has a strong laxative effect. One tablespoon of crushed leaves is poured with a glass of boiling water, infused all night. In the morning, filter, drink 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day.

Dill grass is recommended to eliminate constipation. One tablespoon of seeds is poured with a glass of boiling water, infused for an hour. Then drink. You need to drink half a glass per day.

Homeopathy

Homeopathic medicines are effective for dolichosigma and have virtually no side effects. The main precaution is to consult a doctor, since homeopathy may be incompatible with other means and procedures, and may not have an effect immediately, but some time after the end of treatment.

A mixture of fresh aloe juice and honey has proven itself well. Mix in a 1:1 ratio, drink 2 times a day. It helps not only in the treatment of constipation, but also in relieving irritation and inflammation, recovery processes.

Propolis is also effective in treating constipation. It is recommended to chew a piece of fresh propolis like gum. Apply about 3 times a day.

A collection against constipation is recommended. You need to take 1 teaspoon of dill seeds, mix with 1 tablespoon of licorice root. Pour a glass of water over the mixture, leave for an hour, drink half a glass after each meal.

Wild carrot seeds are brewed with a glass of boiling water, infused for an hour, and drunk half a glass twice a day.

Surgical treatment

If conservative treatment is ineffective, surgical methods are used. The main method is excision of part of the sigmoid colon, if it is excessively elongated and there are extra segments. In rare cases, the sigmoid colon is removed completely. In case of intestinal obstruction, surgery is mandatory and is performed on an emergency basis. It can be performed using the traditional method with open access, as well as laparoscopically. The operation is performed under general anesthesia. The operation lasts an average of 1.5 hours and is not considered difficult. With proper postoperative recovery and compliance with all doctor's recommendations, the prognosis is favorable.

Indications for dolichosigma surgery

The main indication is the ineffectiveness of conservative therapy, as well as signs of intestinal obstruction. It is carried out with the progression of the disease, prolonged absence of defecation and increasing signs of fecal intoxication. Also, a mandatory indication is a large number of additional loops, volvulus and bends of the intestine.

Resection of dolichosism

Resection means complete or partial removal of the sigmoid colon. Partial removal is used when there are extra segments of the intestine (excessive elongation), as well as when there are bends and volvulus. Complete resection is performed mainly in cases of intestinal obstruction.

Trimedat for dolichosigma

Trimedat is an effective pharmaceutical product that regulates the activity of the gastrointestinal tract and stimulates the rectal receptors that cause the urge to defecate and timely bowel movement. Reduces spasms and pain. It is used for recovery in the postoperative period, after resection of the sigmoid colon. The daily dose is 300 mg, with rectal administration - 100-200 mg. Not recommended during pregnancy. Use with caution in children.

Nutrition and diet for dolichosigma

It is recommended to exclude from the menu products that have a constipating effect, that irritate the intestinal walls and are poorly digested. Include in the diet a large number of products that have a laxative effect: raw vegetables, fruits, salads, kefir, beets.

It is necessary to use only boiled and steamed dishes, completely exclude fried and smoked dishes, as well as marinades, spices and seasonings. It is necessary to drink more fresh water or still mineral water. Add more vegetable oil to food.

Diet menu for dolichosigma

The menu is presented roughly as follows:

• Breakfast

Vegetable salad with vegetable oil, croutons, juice or compote.

• Dinner

Chicken broth, croutons or rusks, mashed potatoes, steamed cutlet, boiled beet salad. Tea with sugar.

• Dinner

Cottage cheese omelette, a glass of kefir with vegetable oil.

• What can you eat with dolichosigma?

You can eat boiled and steamed dishes. The diet includes a large amount of fresh fruits and vegetables, kefir, fermented milk products, cottage cheese, various dishes from beets. Salads are dressed with vegetable oil.

• Bran for dolichosigma

Bran not only has a laxative effect, but also helps remove toxins and waste from the body. They act as sorbents. It is recommended to add bran to various dishes, eat with milk or kefir. Bran bread is useful.

• Olive oil for dolichosigma

You can add oil to various dishes, vegetable salads. It is recommended to drink a glass of kefir with one tablespoon of oil at night. There are many traditional medicine recipes based on the use of vegetable oil. You can drink 1 tablespoon of oil on an empty stomach. It has a laxative effect, cleanses the body, relieves intestinal inflammation.