Tooth extraction in children
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Dentists use tooth extraction in children only when it is no longer possible to save the milk tooth. However, this dental process is accompanied by a number of features. Children are extremely sensitive, so a dentist should also be a good psychologist to find an approach to a small patient.
If the milk teeth grow without problems, then there is no need to go to the dentist to remove them, in this case the tooth itself loosens, and then falls out, a slight bleeding after this is a completely normal process. After the tooth has fallen out it is necessary to give the child to rinse the mouth with an antiseptic solution or herbal decoction (chamomile) to stop bleeding and prevent infection from entering the wound.
Indications for the removal of teeth in children
Dentists are very cautious about removing the first teeth. Intervention in the child's unformed dental system can lead to the fact that the rudiments of future permanent teeth will be damaged or an incorrect bite will form.
Dental extraction in children is necessary in the following cases:
- a strongly neglected carious process;
- severe trauma to the tooth or jaw;
- with a strong mobility of the teeth (especially if the condition is complicated by resorption of the roots);
- with an incorrect process of eruption of permanent teeth;
- with concomitant diseases (with purulent inflammation in the oral cavity, sinusitis, etc.);
- with the available orthodontic evidence.
Operation of tooth extraction in children
Teeth extraction in children usually passes without problems, however it is connected with some features of a structure of a children's jaw. First of all, it is connected with the rudiments of permanent teeth, which require increased attention of the dentist. Usually, the operation to remove the tooth is not very difficult, but it requires a specialist to be cautious, as in the child's tooth rather thin walls of alveoli and a pronounced divergence of the roots. Incorrect movement or too much pressure on the tooth can damage the bases of the molars.
The dentist performs extraction of the tooth with special forceps, which without strong pressure fixes the tooth and gently pulls it out of the gum. Several days after removal, it is recommended to rinse the mouth with special anti-inflammatory drugs to avoid inflammation.
Features of tooth extraction in children
Now, modern dental services offer the maximum list of services not only for treatment, but also for the prevention of oral diseases in children. The structure of children's milk teeth is not such as permanent, in the adult state, which means that the approach to treatment should be somewhat different, more delicate.
Now, children's dentistry focuses not only on treatment, but also on the fact that the child can trust the dentist and is not afraid to treat and remove teeth.
Teeth extraction in children is the most complex operation in dentistry. Sometimes there are situations when the preservation of the tooth can lead to even more severe consequences than its removal. Throughout life, children's teeth go through three stages of their development, each of which depends on the change in bite. At each stage of development of children's teeth removal has its own characteristics. It is extremely important to ensure that after removal in the dentition the deformation does not begin and there is enough space for a permanent tooth.
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Removing a baby tooth in children
The baby tooth begins to stagger after the erupting abdominal tooth pushes it out. However, as already mentioned, there are cases when the milk tooth is removed ahead of time (trauma, disease, etc.). If the removal of teeth in children occurs much earlier than the due date, the children's dentist may recommend installing a special design (retainer) to preserve the space for the future molar.
Milky teeth are the basis for the normal development of the muscles of the face, bones, jaw, in addition, they retain a place for permanent. In fact, they pave the way for the molars and determine their location in the oral cavity. While the milk teeth are preserved (up to a certain point), the child has a spatial balance in the oral cavity.
Early extraction can lead to the fact that adjacent teeth begin to "shrink" to each other, closing an empty space (they can either move forward or back up). In this case, there is no place for the growth of the permanent tooth, so it can start to grow crooked. If you do not timely pay attention to this problem, then in the future, you may need long-term treatment with an orthodontist. Especially for cases where the milk tooth was prematurely removed, developed a design called a retainer (plates that can be either removable or not removable). Such plates serve to hold space to a permanent tooth in the mouth until a certain moment. Usually, such plates are placed at the age of 3-4 years.
Removal of a permanent tooth in a child
To recommend the removal of a permanent tooth, the dentist can only in extreme cases with severe complications of the carious process, which are accompanied by severe inflammation, when treatment is not possible, and preservation of the tooth is dangerous to health.
Also, an indication of the removal of the permanent tooth may be a violation of bone construction, trauma (when it is on the fracture line), an existing retinas tooth (not cut, which prevents the gum or bone, because it is a potential source of inflammation), severe periodontal disease (with strong mobility).
The removal of teeth in children may be necessary for fractures of the crown part of the tooth, when it is a source of inflammation or exposed to pulp.
Removing the supercomplete tooth in a child
A supercomplete tooth is called excess in number in the oral cavity, which is usually located near the central or lateral incisors, as well as canines. On average, excess teeth are observed in 3% of people with anomalies of the dentoalveolar system.
As a rule, such a tooth grows on the upper jaw already in the adult state, in childhood, when the child has a milk bite, such teeth are extremely rare. In form they may resemble ordinary, or be like a drop, in some cases there is a connection between the root and superfine teeth.
Superfine tooth disrupts the integrity of the dentition, as well as the process of tooth growth, so it is recommended that they be removed early, preferably immediately after detection. If the supercomplete tooth resembles the usual one, the dentist can, at his discretion, remove the tooth that is located in the least favorable place. If the extra tooth does not violate the integrity of the dentition, then it can not be removed.
After the removal of such teeth in childhood, there is no need for additional correction of the tooth abnormalities to which such teeth resulted, but if the removal occurred at a later age, then an orthodontist consultation is required.
Removal of teeth in children is performed under general anesthesia or local anesthesia, usually the recovery period passes without complications.
Complications after tooth extraction in a child
Complications after the removal of milk teeth (if everything is done accurately), as a rule, does not happen, this can lead to carelessness of the dentist during the operation. Complication after tooth extraction usually occurs due to injury to the wells. The roots of the milk tooth can break off, and the search for and extraction of pieces (in particular the careless movement of the dentist) can lead to damage and severe inflammatory processes.
Also, the removal of teeth in children can occur with a violation of technology, which will lead to dislocation of the rudiment and inflammation, and in the future the growth of the permanent tooth will be problematic. If during the removal of a rudiment dislocation, the dentist should take all measures to restore it. Less often, the removal is complicated by injuries of blood vessels, damage to adjacent tissues, opening of the sinuses of the upper jaws.
The removal of teeth in children, unfortunately, in some cases can not be avoided. To avoid this, it is necessary to monitor the health of the oral cavity of the child, in time to treat tooth decay and other diseases of children's teeth.