Sweat gland cysts: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Cysts sweat glands (blue hydrocystoma) arise from the eccrine or apocrine glands.
The clinical picture of hydrocyst of any origin is quite similar, there are only histological differences. Clinically, they are small, with a bluish shade and a shiny surface, cystic elements that appear mainly on the face. Cysts of the apocrine type, mostly solitary, rarely - plural.
Pathomorphology of sweat glands cysts. Ekkrinnaya hydrocystoma refers to intradermal cysts, covered with one or two rows of prismatic or flattened cells. On serial sections, one can observe their connection with the expanded ducts of the sweat glands. Unlike apocrine hydrocyst, there are no papillomatous outgrowths in the lumen of the cyst, as well as myoepithelial cells.
Cysts of the apocrine type are covered with a prismatic or cylindrical epithelium with a distinct apical type of secretion and basally located small myoepithelial cells with dark-colored nuclei. Secretory cells contain large diastase-resistant Schick-positive granules. In the surrounding stroma - small-dot hemorrhages with hemosiderin deposits, macroscopically creating a bluish tinge of the cyst.
Histogenesis. Electron microscopy revealed many lysosomal and secretory granules in the cells of apocrine cysts, large, irregularly shaped mitochondria, and lamellar bodies. The absence of retention cysts indicates the relationship between apocrine hydrocystoma and the apocrine glands.
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