Red and pink itchy, flaky patches on legs: causes, treatment

The skin is the body's first line of defense against adverse external stimuli, and internal problems are also reflected on it.

The appearance of areas on the skin that differ in color and structure, which, in addition, can become covered with blisters, peel and itch, does not go unnoticed. The spots can be of different sizes - small rashes and skin defects of large diameters. If they also itch, they cause significant discomfort. To get rid of this as quickly as possible, it is necessary to find out the origin of the spots and carry out treatment.

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Causes itchy patches on the feet

There are two types of spots that can be found on human skin: pigmented and vascular. Spots that itch are usually allergic or infectious in nature, or are caused by systemic disorders. They are vascular spots.

Spotted rashes can be of various origins. First of all, unexpectedly appeared spots suggest an allergic reaction. Especially if they itch actively and their number increases quite quickly. Spots on the legs of allergic etiology can appear from a new brand of tights, a new poorly rinsed detergent (usually the rash is small and the entire surface of the legs itches), a reaction to cosmetics can appear - foot cream, depilatory products (usually the reaction is local, observed at the site of application). Rashes can be a consequence of walking barefoot in a flowering meadow (in this case, hay fever, watery eyes and coughing can also appear). Itchy spots on the skin can manifest a cold allergy. A spot that does not always itch, but when in contact, for example, with clothing, can be a sign of photodermatosis or an allergic reaction to ultraviolet light. Even a drug allergy can begin with a rash on the legs, especially if the drug was injected intramuscularly into the buttock. When the allergen is detected and eliminated, the spots quickly disappear. If the irritant continues to act, the small rash can merge into larger formations, and the itching intensifies. Allergic dermatitis is often found in liver diseases, when its detoxifying function is impaired.

Simple contact dermatitis, unlike allergic dermatitis, causes a skin reaction in all people, for example, to contact with scalding hot surfaces, nettles, acids, alkalis and other irritants.

Bites from mosquitoes, midges and other insects themselves leave an itchy mark and can also cause an allergic reaction.

Dermatomycosis can also cause an itchy spot on the legs. Most often, it appears on the feet after trying on or wearing someone else's shoes, a swimming pool or a shared shower. Superficial ringworm on the smooth skin of the leg also looks like an itchy spot. You can become infected with it through direct contact with a sick person, using their things (trichophytosis) or an animal (microsporia). Factors that increase the likelihood of infection are the presence of scratches, burns and other damage to the integrity of the skin, prolonged exposure to water, and an immunodeficiency state.

Red flat lichen is often localized on the legs - on the inner skin of the thighs and frontal - shins. The causes of occurrence are under study, risk factors for the appearance of such spots are stress, reduced immunity, chronic diseases, heredity. Diabetics and allergy sufferers are susceptible to this disease.

Spots may appear on the inner thighs when infected with scabies mites. This is not a typical localization, but it is possible.

Psoriatic and eczematous spots do not always itch and are rare, but still localized on the legs.

Nervous shocks, stress, physical overload, exposure to high temperatures (sauna) can manifest themselves as reddish-pink itchy vesicular rashes (cholinergic urticaria). A very rare form of urticaria, even more rarely manifests itself in the lower part of the body. In addition to a tendency to allergies, a person must have an intolerance to acetylcholine, an endogenous substance that is intensely secreted by any person during nervous and physical overexertion.

The appearance of itchy red spots on the lower extremities may be caused by a disruption of arterial or venous circulation in this area ( varicose veins ).

Such rashes are typical for diabetics (initial stage of angiopathy), they can also occur in people with liver disease.

The cause of the red spot on the leg may be erysipelas, however, such spots do not itch. In this place, pain and burning are felt rather, but the sensations are an individual matter.

Pink lichen - pink spots of unclear etiology, usually not very itchy.

Autoimmune diseases may be accompanied by spotted rashes (idiopathic urticaria). Such patients almost always have a history of allergies.

Spots on the skin of the legs can appear after depilation and other mechanical effects on the skin, such as tight clothing or shoes.

Itchy pigment spots require medical diagnosis, either the itching has nothing to do with pigmentation, or the pigment spot shows signs of degeneration, if it also grows in size, bleeds, and has a multi-colored color.

In children, spots on the legs are most often of allergic etiology, or caused by infections - enterovirus, chickenpox, measles, rubella. However, the rash is located not only on the legs, but all over the body, and the rash is usually noticed first on the face.

A rash on a child's legs and buttocks may be one of the symptoms of infectious meningitis.

Lichens and other dermatomycoses can also be found in children. Emotional outbursts, nervous tension can also result in itchy rashes on the limbs of children. Much less often, however, spots can appear in childhood due to any of the other reasons described above.

The pathogenesis of allergic spots is considered as the formation of a comprehensive immune response to irritants upon direct contact with a skin area (allergic contact dermatitis) or when an allergen gets inside (food, drug allergy). In the first case, the main pathogenetic links are the reaction of lymphocytes and macrophages that accumulate in the foci of inflammation, in the second, the main role belongs to antibodies synthesized in response to the appearance of antigens. In any case, immune cells-effectors responsible for protective functions leave the bloodstream and, accumulating on the surface of the skin, cause vasodilation, hyperemia and severe itching.

The mechanism of the appearance of spots during infection occurs in approximately the same way: the immune response of protective cells to the introduction of infectious agents - bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi.

In the pathogenesis of rashes in systemic pathologies, for example, liver dysfunction, the main links are insufficient purification of blood from toxins. The presence of common chronic diseases, nervous and physical overload, hormonal changes have a detrimental effect on the functioning of the immune system. In each specific case, the pathogenesis of the occurrence of rashes is individual.

The appearance of vascular spots can be provoked by temporary vasodilation – a sensitization reaction to an irritant, infection. Systemic chronic diseases cause constant vasodilation – so-called vascular asterisks (hemangiomas) occur.

As a result of ruptured blood vessels, hemorrhagic spots are formed, or, in simpler terms, bruises of various sizes – from pinpoint hemorrhages (petechiae) to hematomas of very impressive sizes.

Statistics of diseases that can be accompanied by the appearance of itchy spots on the skin of the lower extremities are quite extensive. Probably, every person has encountered this phenomenon at least once in their life. According to the World Health Organization, a third of the world's population currently has an allergic history, the number of allergy sufferers is growing and it is assumed that in a couple of decades every second person will suffer from allergies.

The prevalence of fungal infections is estimated in different sources from 10 to 20% and also tends to increase, like other skin diseases that can also appear on the skin of the lower extremities.

Red flat lichen is a fairly common pathology. Adult females of any age are most susceptible.

Gibert's disease (pink lichen) is a fairly common pathology in people over 20 years old, after 40 years it is very rare. People who have had acute respiratory viral infections mainly get sick, so a viral etiological hypothesis is considered.

Varicose veins of the legs are very common, its symptoms (according to various sources) are present to a greater or lesser extent in almost 70% of women and more than 50% of men in developed countries.

Liver disease, diabetes, autoimmune diseases are also very common, skin rashes are sometimes the first signs of their presence.

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Symptoms

Rashes on the legs can be caused by different reasons and, accordingly, their appearance and accompanying symptoms also have differences.

The first signs of allergy that make you pay attention to them are itching and the appearance of spots. Sometimes single spots appear, sometimes the entire surface of the skin is covered. It is difficult not to notice if the spots that suddenly appear on your hands and feet itch. Pinkish-red convex unevenly distributed rash is allergic urticaria. It is accompanied by severe itching, swelling, appears instantly and when the allergen is eliminated, it can disappear quite quickly without treatment. But in severe cases, the rashes merge, forming an itchy continuous affected area. The skin above it becomes dry and thin, cracks when scratched, and acquires a bluish-purple color. The patient may experience shortness of breath, a decrease in blood pressure, and a fever. Such patients require a mandatory medical examination, sometimes they are hospitalized.

Allergic contact dermatitis also manifests itself as rashes that are local in nature. In places of contact with the allergen, red spots on the legs itch, then begin to get wet and crack. Later, the spot dries up and peels.

Skin allergic reactions also manifest themselves in the form of dry, crusty spots ranging from pink to bright crimson. Itching may be moderate, and may intensify when in contact with clothing.

Rough spots on the legs itch with atopic dermatitis. However, with this pathology, the legs are not the main localization, when the rash appears on the legs, it is already present almost everywhere on the body.

Insect bites are accompanied by severe itching, and in allergy sufferers, a large, swollen, red spot appears at the site of the bite.

Red spots on the legs itch and peel with dermatomycosis. The first signs of a fungal infection of smooth skin are a very itchy red spot. It grows quite quickly and becomes lighter in the center and begins to peel, has a clear border (trichophytosis).

Caused by fungi and can be located on smooth skin, microsporia is a pink, flaky, fairly large, round spot with a clear, ridge-like border of a darker color.

Very rarely, pityriasis versicolor or lichen versicolor can be localized on the legs. Yellowish round spots covered with pityriasis scales eventually merge into large formations with scalloped edges, their color can be from creamy beige to olive-brown. On a tanned body they look lighter, on a pale one - vice versa. This form of mycosis is characterized by slight itching.

Red flat lichen is a cluster of purple nodules that have merged into a large shiny spot of irregular shape, slightly protruding above the skin surface. On the lower extremities, it is usually localized on the inner skin of the thighs and frontal - shins. Blisters can form on the spots (pemphigoid form), they can peel (erythematous). This lichen manifests itself quite diversely, it can be suspected if a large spot on the leg itches. However, the final verdict is up to the doctor.

The disease is characterized by severe itching, especially the warty form. In the atrophic form, pearlescent white spots on the legs itch. The rash can be localized in different places, not only on the skin, but also on the mucous membranes.

If a red round spot on the leg itches, it may be a symptom of both lichen and diabetes. Especially if it appeared on the site of a long-term non-healing wound or scratch. Additional symptoms that prompt examination include constant thirst, nocturia (frequent urination at night), poor epithelialization of skin injuries.

Diabetic dermopathy is often found in people suffering from this disease. The spots are located on the front part of the shin, symmetrically on both legs. The color is brownish-red, the diameter at first does not exceed a centimeter. Over time, the size of the spots increases, areas of dark atrophied skin occupy an increasingly large area. Itching is moderate. More often found in male diabetics with experience.

Men with diabetes are more likely to encounter such a skin manifestation of the disease as annular granuloma Darier, although not all experts agree that this disease is caused only by diabetes. The rash looks like small dense pinkish nodules with raised edges. They tend to merge, forming ring-shaped patterns on the body. Subjective symptoms are usually not too disturbing, however, there may be minor pain. Diabetics can be bothered by skin itching without a rash, so when a granuloma appears, they complain of itching. This skin pathology can appear not only in diabetics, allergy sufferers are also at risk (among them there are more children aged 3-10 years and adult women). Sometimes annular granuloma Darier occurs after therapy with sulfonamides. On the legs and arms, the favorite places for rashes are the feet and hands, they can also be located on the body.

Depigmented areas of skin (vitiligo) are usually not accompanied by itching, however, diabetics, who are prone to the appearance of these skin defects, may experience the sensation that the white spots on the legs are itchy.

Yellow spots localized on the back of the knees are diabetic xanthoma, blistering spots on the skin of the feet and toes are diabetic blister (a rare manifestation of diabetes, appears suddenly and also goes away on its own).

Vascular insufficiency often manifests itself on the legs. Red spots in the form of spider veins initially appear in the knee area and on the skin of the shin, the spots itch, but not too much and not always. Additionally, there are nagging pains and a feeling of heaviness in the legs. If the trophism of the arterial vessels is impaired, the skin around the spots looks pale, its surface is cold, sensitivity to pain and contrasting temperature is reduced. More pronounced itching is characteristic of venous insufficiency, the skin then acquires a dark shade, is edematous, and is covered with brownish-purple spots.

When brown spots on the legs itch, this may be a manifestation of liver pathologies. In this case, itching is caused not by the spots that have appeared, but by stagnation of bile or bilirubin, which is eliminated through the skin when the liver cannot cope with its utilization. Itching accompanies many liver diseases and is one of their first signs. As well as skin manifestations. It can be constant and in the form of attacks. The skin of the extremities is a favorite place for itching and rashes.

Xanthomatous rash - yellowish, round, small itchy spots on the legs, arms, and maybe even the entire body.

Spots that form in cases of persistent vasodilation (telangiectasia) are also one of the symptoms of liver disease. However, in this case, they usually appear on the legs last.

Small hemorrhages (hepatic purpura) multiple rashes on the skin and mucous membranes are also characteristic of liver pathologies. They do not disappear when pressed. There are also fairly large hemorrhages. Patients often experience bleeding from the nose and other natural openings.

Spots on the legs can be symptoms of psoriasis. Itching can be strong and almost imperceptible, which depends on the form of the disease. Such spots are located on the extensor areas, for example, the knees. If a dry spot on the leg itches in this place, this may be the beginning of vulgar psoriasis. The spot is raised above the level of healthy skin, the area surrounding it is inflamed. The spot itself in the center is covered with grayish or whitish dry scales. They tend to grow and merge with similar formations. Usually, such rashes are also in other places, for example, elbows-knees or palms-soles.

Atypical types of psoriatic plaques are large, shiny, bright red spots located on the inner thighs and in other skin folds, signs of the inverse form of the disease.

Guttate psoriasis is localized on the thighs, most often appearing in children and young people after a sore throat. The lower leg, ankles and instep are favorite areas for warty psoriatic rashes. Round papules merge into plaques that encircle these areas of the legs. The same "bracelets" can usually be found on the wrists.

Large round and rough itchy spots on the legs may have herpetic etiology. Such spots tend to recur, since it is not yet possible to completely destroy the herpes virus that has entered the body with modern medications. Without treatment, the spots itch a lot, crack from scratching, become wet and covered with crusts.

When red spots on the stomach and legs itch, they may be a sign of scabies. However, scabies spots are located in addition to the stomach only on the upper and inner thighs. Scabies mites do not live on the legs below, as well as on the back. Between the spots of entry and exit of the mite, thin light passages are visible.

White and pinkish-white spots that do not protrude above the surface of the skin of the legs can be caused by hypomelanosis, vitiligo, developing leukoderma. These types of spots do not itch, and if they are accompanied by itching, it has nothing to do with them. Secondary syphilis spots do not cause any discomfort, are located all over the body, their number gradually increases.

Erysipelas may begin with the appearance of one or several fairly large red spots, including on the legs (a fairly common localization). True, they do not itch, but hurt, and there is a burning sensation and distension of the skin in these places. A characteristic symptom is high temperature.

Pink lichen (Gibert's disease) can appear anywhere, including on the legs, it almost never itches, but it may itch in places where it comes into contact with clothing. First, the main pink spot (mother plaque) appears, over time it is surrounded by smaller satellite spots. The spots rise above the healthy skin surface. There can be many such rashes. After about ten days, the center of the spots turns yellow or brown and begins to peel. A slightly protruding border of the spot remains pink. The peak of the disease falls on the cold season: winter-spring. In addition to the rash, signs of general malaise may be observed, which precede the appearance of spots. The origin is unknown, the viral nature of the disease is assumed.

Cholinergic urticaria manifests itself as an itchy, blistering, thick rash on any part of the body, but it is extremely rare on the lower body and legs. This is usually preceded by stressful situations, significant physical and nervous strain: competitions, exams, etc., exposure to high temperatures. It manifests itself quickly from five minutes to an hour after exposure to an irritant. Additional symptoms include hyperthermia, hypersalivation, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting.

Spots on the legs can also appear after the depilation procedure, and if such spots itch, this may be a symptom of infection.

The appearance of spots on the legs signals the presence of trouble, often quite serious. Therefore, if the number of spots increases, they itch, merge and grow, you should urgently consult a doctor.

Diagnostics itchy patches on the feet

It is advisable to consult a doctor to identify the cause of this skin defect in the acute stage of the disease, when its symptoms are most distinct. Self-medication can bring imaginary relief, erase and distort the clinical picture, which can result in an erroneous diagnosis.

After examining and questioning the patient, based on the suspected causes of the rash, the doctor will prescribe laboratory tests. It will be necessary to do a clinical and biochemical blood test, as well as a glucose test; general urine analysis. If infection is suspected - a cultural analysis of scrapings from spots. A biopsy of the affected areas of the skin and its microscopic examination, dermatoscopy may be prescribed. Allergic contact dermatitis for nickel intolerance is determined by a test with dimethylglyoxime. Allergens can be identified with the help of immunological blood tests. Cholinergic urticaria is diagnosed using a provocative test with an acetylcholine analogue.

Other instrumental diagnostics will be carried out as needed: angiography of the vessels of the extremities, ultrasound examination of the vessels, liver, thyroid gland. After conducting examinations, differential diagnostics are carried out based on their data and a final diagnosis is established. Allergic dermatitis, psoriasis must be differentiated from fungal skin lesions, infections. For example, benign vascular tumors - hemangiomas also appear on the skin as red spots, and they can be of different sizes. Such a spot on the leg does not hurt, does not itch and, apart from a cosmetic defect, does not pose any danger to health.

If the pink spot on the leg does not itch, it may be either pink lichen or syphilis, a severe infectious disease that affects all organs of the human body.

Chronic systemic pathologies manifested by skin defects are also quite common, so when red spots appear on the legs, their number increases and there is itching, a thorough diagnosis is necessary. It is in the acute period of the disease that it is easiest to diagnose its origin. Self-medication based on assumptions is fraught with harmful consequences. It can cause false improvement, confuse symptoms and complicate the establishment of the correct diagnosis and, therefore, slow down the recovery process.

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Treatment itchy patches on the feet

Since rashes are a symptom of various diseases, treatment measures are carried out to relieve the underlying disease and alleviate the patient’s condition – eliminating itching and healing the skin surface.

In case of allergies, it is necessary to identify and eliminate the allergen, and follow a hypoallergenic diet. Enterosgel is included in the treatment regimen as a detoxifying agent to cleanse the blood and intestines of toxic substances and allergens. The active component of the drug - polymethylsiloxane polyhydrate has the ability to absorb and bind metabolites of incomplete metabolic reactions, toxins, opportunistic and pathogenic microbes, eliminating them from the body with feces. At the same time, it does not disrupt the vital activity of beneficial microorganisms in the intestine. As a result of the detoxifying effect of Enterosgel, the activity of immune cells is stabilized. The sorbent does not enter the general bloodstream. Contraindicated only in acute intestinal obstruction. Approved for use by pregnant and lactating women, in pediatric practice. Constipation may be a side effect. Take orally with a sufficient amount of water to swallow, at least 90 minutes before taking the medicine or food, or two hours after. Dose 5g (teaspoon) twice a day for children under three years of age; the same single dose, only three times a day, is given for children between three and five years of age; between five and 14 years - 10g (dessert spoon) three times a day; patients over 14 years of age - dose 15g (tablespoon) three times a day.

Sometimes this is enough. If necessary, drug therapy is used. Single spots that appear at the points of contact with the irritant are treated with local non-hormonal ointments, such as Fenistil gel. The active ingredient dimethindene maleate easily penetrates the skin, has an anti-allergic effect, blocking H1-histamine receptors, reduces irritation, inflammation and itching, and begins to act a few minutes after application. It has a cooling and local anesthetic effect. Do not apply to large areas of damage, after application, avoid sunlight. It does not have teratogenicity, and is allowed to be used on small areas of skin by pregnant and lactating women. Patients over two years old can use it two to four times a day, under two - only as prescribed by a doctor. In case of extensive lesions, it is used in combination with the oral form of the drug - drops or capsules. Drops can be given to children from one month of age, up to a year, a single dose of three to ten drops is prescribed, taken three times a day. Children from one to three years old take 10-15 drops three times a day; from three to 12 years old – 15-20; older – 20-40. The daily dose can be divided into two doses, and the evening dose can be twice as high as the morning dose. Capsules are taken by patients aged 12 years and older. The standard dosage is one capsule daily, swallowed whole and washed down with water. The drug is contraindicated for patients with bronchial asthma and those performing work that requires extreme attention.

Atopic dermatitis in children from three months of age and adults is treated with Elidel cream. The anti-inflammatory effect of the active substance (pimecrolimus) is based on the release of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines from T-lymphocytes and mast cells. By inhibiting the activity of calcinervin, it suppresses the activity of skin immunocytes. It does not provoke the development of atrophic processes, the effect is comparable in intensity to clobetasol derivatives. It can be used in long courses.

The cream is lightly rubbed twice a day into the damaged areas of the skin. It is used at the first signs of atopic dermatitis, and when used for a year, it prevents relapses.

Cholinergic rashes are a reaction to an endogenous substance (acetylcholine) formed in the patient's body under the influence of certain factors. Therefore, antihistamines are not effective in this case; local preparations with belladonna extract or atropine are mainly used. They are applied to the spots once or twice a day. Belladonna extract has a pronounced cholinolytic effect. The active ingredients of the extract - alkaloids atropine, scopolamine, hyoscyamine bind M and H cholinergic receptors, thereby reducing their sensitization to acetylcholine, and also blocking cholinergic nerve impulses.

A good effect is achieved by combined treatment - local anti-allergy medications + oral antihistamines. It is preferable to use second-generation drugs orally that do not have the sedative properties of first-generation drugs, such as Loratadine. It is effective for allergic urticaria and dermatitis caused by various allergens, including drugs and bites of blood-sucking insects. It has a fast action, within half an hour after the start of treatment, the rash stops itching and the inflammatory manifestations are reduced. It is taken from the age of 12 or from the moment when the body weight exceeds 30 kg - once a day, one tablet. At the age of 2-11 years, children whose body weight does not exceed 30 kg are recommended to take half a tablet. Side effects (vomiting or dry mouth) are very rare.

In cases where antihistamines are ineffective, hormonal drugs of local and systemic action are prescribed. They are taken only as prescribed by a doctor and are used in short courses, since they have many impressive side effects, then, after the patient's condition has improved, they are "finished off" with antihistamines, anti-inflammatory drugs or folk remedies.

For spots caused by liver pathologies and diabetes mellitus, treatment of the underlying disease is prescribed in combination with detoxifying (Enterosgel) and antiallergic agents.

Dermatomycosis is treated with fungicidal ointments, tablets or their combinations, dermatitis caused by viruses or bacteria, respectively, with antiviral and antibacterial drugs. The success of treatment depends entirely on correct and timely diagnosis.

The treatment regimen includes vitamins and vitamin complexes, with an emphasis on ascorbic acid and B vitamins. Such products help restore the body's defenses and increase its own resistance.

Physiotherapeutic treatment is widely used for skin pathologies. It is contraindicated in acute phases of dermatosis, however, during the recovery period it helps to heal wounds and renew skin cells. To improve the functional state of the skin surface, the d'Arsonval method is used - exposure to high-frequency pulsed currents, medicinal electrophoresis, PUVA therapy.

Folk remedies

Traditional medicine recipes can in some cases help get rid of spots on the legs, reduce inflammation symptoms and itching. They can be used during the recovery period, after consulting with a doctor, to speed up the epithelialization process.

When the spots have just appeared, you can cleanse the body at home. This can help with spots of allergic origin, and it won't hurt with other types of spots either. You can cleanse at home in the following ways:

• do a cleansing enema and fast the next day, especially if it is a day off;
• take activated charcoal at the rate of: one tablet per 10 kg of body weight (non-infectious spots usually disappear within five days);
• take Enterosgel.

Allergic spots on the skin can be smeared with pickled cabbage brine. It quickly relieves itching, and several procedures with pickle lotions should remove the spots.

It is recommended to smear the spots overnight with the following composition: take dry mustard, pour boiling water over it, let it cool - apply to the affected skin and leave until the morning. In the morning the skin should be clear.

Herbal treatment is widely used for allergies: poultices are made with infusions of succession, chamomile, celery root. Baths are made with the same plants.

Celery is generally taken not only externally for allergies, but also internally. You can apply finely chopped fresh leaves of this plant to the spots or make an ointment by taking equal proportions of chopped celery leaves and butter.

Fungal skin lesions can also be treated using medicinal plants. The skin of the feet is usually affected, so baths are recommended for fungus:

• with celandine: take 8 tablespoons of dry chopped herb per three liters of boiling water and boil for three to five minutes, let cool to a warm state, do not dilute, soak your feet in the broth;
• with natural ground coffee: brew 10 tablespoons of coffee with two liters of boiling water, keep your feet in the decoction (not strained) until it cools to a warm state for half an hour, do not wipe, put on simple socks and go to bed; wash off the coffee residue in the morning.

Ointment for fungus: 100 g of birch tar, a raw chicken egg (homemade), a tablespoon of cream from homemade milk, mix the ingredients, put in a glass jar, store in the refrigerator under the lid. Apply the ointment to steamed feet before bed, wrap with a bandage on top, daily for two months. Do not stop treatment earlier, even if the feet are clear of lesions.

It is recommended to treat lichen planus with compresses of undiluted apple cider vinegar or viburnum berry juice. Apply to the spots four to six times a day for 10 minutes.

You can make applications with sea buckthorn oil. Keep them on the skin for at least half an hour, and also take half a teaspoon of oil in the morning on an empty stomach.

If you pour hot water over the areas of the body affected by lichen twice a day for three minutes, then after three days you will notice an improvement, and after half a month the red flat lichen will disappear.

Pink lichen goes away on its own within a month, although there is a ring-shaped form that becomes chronic and remains on the body for several years. Traditional medicine suggests helping the body reduce the recovery time with celandine tincture in alcohol or salicylic alcohol, wiping the rash twice a day. You can also prepare a water infusion by mixing talc, zinc oxide, glycerin and water in equal proportions in a glass jar.

Homeopathy

Spots on the legs, and of various genesis, are quite successfully treated with homeopathic preparations, including vitiligo and other skin manifestations, the causes of which cause controversy in official medical circles. Homeopathic treatment is not aimed at suppressing rashes, but at identifying and eliminating problems with internal organs that cannot cope with their functions, so the skin takes over the role of natural drainage organs (kidneys, liver, intestines). Homeopaths consider dermatoses and dermatitis as the body's desire to eliminate the problem through the skin, to bring it out far from vital internal organs. A homeopathic doctor tries to understand the trigger mechanism of this problem, and the drug is most often prescribed according to the patient's constitutional type.

Almost the entire arsenal of homeopathic medicine is used to treat skin pathologies, since each patient has his own mental and physical characteristics.

For example, the homeopathic medicine Ammonium carbonicum or ammonium carbonate can be prescribed for the treatment of various types of urticaria, as well as skin depigmentation in impressionable patients with frequent mood swings and dictatorial tendencies.

The remedy Conium or hemlock is prescribed to patients prone to depression, timid and uncommunicative, predisposed to endocrine pathologies and neoplasms. They often have rashes in winter, and may suffer from vitiligo.

Ignatia (St. Ignatius beans) is indicated for emotional and temperamental patients who have a strong will, are prone to empathy and are always ready to help. It helps with cholinergic urticaria caused by a stressful situation, and skin pigmentation disorders.

Sulphur (sulfur flower) and Sulphur Iodatum (an alloy of sulfur and iodine) are the main drugs used in the treatment of itchy skin spots, especially effective in chronic dermatoses.

Rhus toxicodendron (poison sumac) is prescribed to patients with cold allergy, when rashes appear on reddened and swollen skin. Local preparations in the form of homeopathic ointment or oil may be prescribed.

Calcarea carbonica (calcium carbonate) is prescribed to obese and flabby patients, children with milk intolerance.

Dermatological problems are well treated with homeopathic manganese preparations. For skin manifestations of digestive dysfunction, cholestasis and to stimulate bowel function, Manganum Sulfuricum (manganese sulfate) is prescribed. Manganum Acetikum (manganese acetate) is prescribed for psoriasis and dry eczema accompanied by severe itching. Manganum Carbonicum (manganese carbonate) - for psoriatic rashes, versicolor lichen.

Complex homeopathic preparations can be used in allopathic treatment regimens, they practically do not cause undesirable effects, which is especially valuable for patients with dermatological problems. Pregnant and lactating women take such preparations only as prescribed by a doctor.

For example, Lymphomyosot is a homotoxic multicomponent drug that activates lymph flow, detoxifies the body and reduces inflammation symptoms: itching, redness, exudation, swelling. Functional disorders of organs and cells, including immune disorders, are regulated. The release form is oral drops and a solution in ampoules for injections. It is not recommended for people sensitized to the components of the drug. Patients with increased thyroid function should be careful when dosing the drug.

Drop a single dose of the medicine according to your age into 10 ml of water and drink it, holding it in your mouth for as long as possible, three times a day half an hour before meals or an hour after meals.

A single dose for infants is one or two drops, at the age of 1-2 full years - three, 3-5 years - five, 6-11 years - seven. After reaching 12 years, 10 drops are dripped. During the acute phases of the disease, a single dose can be taken after a quarter of an hour, the maximum daily dose is ten times. After the exacerbation is relieved, switch to standard intake.

For patients with hyperthyroidism, the drug is dosed by taking 1/2 of the age-appropriate portion, bringing it up to the age norm by increasing it by one drop daily.

In severe forms of the disease, an injection solution is used. It is allowed to be used by patients from the age of six. A single injection is one ampoule twice or three times during the week. Injections are carried out by any means: intramuscularly, intra and subcutaneously, intravenously, acupuncture injections are allowed.

It is acceptable to dilute the contents of the ampoule in a quarter glass of water and drink this solution throughout the day, observing equal intervals between doses and keeping it in the mouth.

The multicomponent homeopathic remedy Galium-Heel has a detoxifying and immunomodulatory effect at the cellular level. Activates drainage processes in the parenchymatous tissues of vital internal organs. No side effects have been recorded. The only contraindication is individual sensitization.

It is used from birth: children of the first two years of life are dosed with five drops; from two to five full years - eight drops; patients of six and older - ten. In an acute condition, a single dose can be taken at intervals of a quarter or half an hour for 1-2 days, but not more than 20 times.

Galium-Heel can be used as monotherapy or alternated with Lymphomyosot every other day.

As a detoxifying agent that normalizes metabolism, Coenzyme compositum can be included in the treatment regimen. It is used in severe cases of any origin and localization. The drug is available in ampoules for any type of injection: intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous jet, acupuncture injection is allowed. To relieve acute symptoms, a single age-related dose can be administered daily for three days, then switch to administration twice a week.

The standard administration regimen allows for injections from one to three times per week.

For children under one year of age, the drug is dosed at 0.4 ml; at the age of 1-2 full years - 0.6 ml; 3-5 years - 1 ml; patients over six years of age are administered a whole ampoule (2.2 ml).

Complications and consequences

The most dangerous complications of allergic rash are Quincke's edema and anaphylactic shock; if emergency care is not provided, these conditions can lead to the death of the patient.

Itchy spots on the legs without treatment encourage the patient to scratch them, the consequence of these actions can be infection of the wounds, the need for long-term treatment and the formation of scars.

Trophic disorders, which begin with the appearance of red itchy spots, can eventually lead to trophic ulcers, the development of gangrene and amputation of the limb.

Systemic diseases that signal themselves with rashes develop without treatment and can significantly reduce the patient's quality of life. Severe decompensated forms of chronic diseases require long-term treatment and can significantly reduce life expectancy.

Therefore, the appearance of spots on the legs should not be ignored; in order to carry out competent and effective treatment, first of all, a thorough examination is necessary.

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Prevention

Measures to prevent the occurrence of itchy spots on the legs and on the skin of other parts of the body are not complicated and depend on the body's predisposition to react to certain substances that it is desirable to eliminate from use.

Fungal, herpes, and bacterial infections can also be prevented by wearing rubber flip-flops in public places (swimming pools, showers), not trying on other people's shoes and clothes, and so on.

If a spot appears, do not scratch it, you can bring in an infection. In case of a known cause, you can take measures: eliminate the cause and swallow enterosgel or activated carbon, make lotions with succession, take an antihistamine.

If the reason for the appearance of the spot is not obvious, it is better to get examined using modern diagnostic methods without delay and without self-medication. Then choose treatment, allopathic or homeopathic - the choice is yours.

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Forecast

Itchy spots on the legs usually do not cause serious problems, except for aesthetic ones and discomfort from itching. Such pathologies are treated on an outpatient basis, with timely treatment and correct diagnosis, the course of therapy usually does not last long

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