Pulmonary veins

From the capillaries of the lung, the venules begin, which merge into larger veins and in each lung form two pulmonary veins.

Of the two right pulmonary veins, the larger diameter has an upper diameter, since blood flows from it on two parts of the right lung (upper and middle). Of the two left pulmonary veins, the lower vein has a larger diameter. At the gates of the right and left lungs, the pulmonary veins occupy their lower part. In the posterior upper part of the root of the right lung is the main right bronchus, anterior and posterior to the right pulmonary artery. At the left lung there is a pulmonary artery from above, behind and behind it - the left main bronchus. In the right lung, the pulmonary veins lie below the artery, follow almost horizontally and on their way to the heart are located behind the superior vena cava, the right atrium and the ascending part of the aorta. Both left pulmonary veins, which are somewhat shorter than the right, are under the left main bronchus and are sent to the heart also in the transverse direction, anterior to the descending part of the aorta. Right and left pulmonary veins, perforating pericardium, flow into the left atrium (their terminal sections are covered with an epicardium).

The right upper pulmonary vein (v.pulmonalis dextra superior) collects blood not only from the upper, but also from the middle lobe of the right lung. From the upper lobe of the right lung, blood flows down three veins (tributaries): apical, anterior and posterior. Each of them, in turn, is formed from the fusion of smaller veins: intrasegmental, intersegmentary, etc. From the middle lobe of the right lung, the outflow of blood occurs in the middle lobe (v.lobi medii), formed from the lateral and medial parts (veins ).

The right lower pulmonary vein (v.pulmonalis dextra inferior) collects blood from the five segments of the lower lobe of the right lung: the superior and basal - the medial, lateral, anterior and posterior. From the first of them, blood flows down the upper vein, which is formed as a result of the fusion of two parts (veins) - intrasegmental and intersegmental. From all basal segments, blood flows off along the common basal vein, which is formed from two tributaries - the upper and lower basal veins. The common basal vein, merging with the upper vein of the lower lobe, forms the right lower pulmonary vein.

The left upper pulmonary vein (v.pulmonalis sinistra superior) collects blood from the upper lobe of the left lung (its apical-posterior, anterior, and upper and lower reed segments). This vein has three inflows: the posterolar, anterior and lingual veins. Each of them is formed from the fusion of two parts (veins): the postero-inferior vein - from intrasegmental and intersegmental; Front Vienna - from vnutrisegmentarnoy and intersegmental and tongue Vienna - of the upper and lower portions (veins).

The left lower pulmonary vein (v.pulmonalis sinistra inferior) is larger than the same-named right vein and carries blood from the lower lobe of the left lung. From the upper segment of the lower lobe of the left lung, the upper vein leaves , which is formed from the fusion of two parts (veins) - intrasegmental and intersegmental. From all basal segments of the lower lobe of the left lung, as in the right lung, blood flows off along the common basal vein. It is formed from the fusion of the upper and lower basal veins. The anterior basal vein flows into the upper basal vein, which, in turn, merges from two parts (veins) - intrasegmental and intersegmental. As a result of the fusion of the upper vein and the common basal vein, the left lower pulmonary vein forms.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]