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Pulmonary eosinophilia with systemic manifestations: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Alexey Portnov, medical expert
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024

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For this group of diseases characterized by pronounced eosinophilia in the peripheral blood, pulmonary infiltrates and involvement in the pathological process of many organs and systems.

Allergic eosinophilic granulomatous angiitis

In allergic eosinophilic granulomatous angiitis (Charge-Strauss syndrome) small and medium vessels are affected, which is combined with bronchial asthma, pulmonary infiltrates, high eosinophilia of peripheral blood, systemic lesions4 of the organs (gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal apparatus, nervous system, skin).

Hypereosinophilic myeloproliferative syndrome

The causes of the disease are unknown. It is characterized by damage to the vascular endothelium, endocardial fibrosis, bone marrow hyperplasia with a high content of eosinophils.

The main clinical manifestations of the disease are:

the development of progressive restrictive heart failure (according to echocardiography - the heart of small sizes, the heart cavity is sharply reduced due to the development of pronounced fibroplastic processes);
greater frequency of thromboembolic complications, especially in the pulmonary artery system;
defeat of the lungs in the form of infiltrates (they are well detected radiographically);
fever, arthralgia, myalgia, polymorphous skin rashes, lymphadenopathy;
hepatosplenomegaly;
kidney damage in the form of glomerulonephritis (proteinuria, hematuria);
defeat of the central nervous system (Gordon's symptom);
high eosinophilia of the blood;
hyperplasia of the bone marrow with a high content of eosinophils (detected in the analysis of myelograms).

The prognosis of the disease is unfavorable. Patients quickly die from progressive heart failure and from thromboembolic complications.

trusted-source [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]