Endoscopy (endoscopy)

Endoscopy for gastrointestinal bleeding

Gastrointestinal bleeding is a secondary pathological condition. The most common causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding are chronic gastric or duodenal ulcers. In recent years, the number of patients hospitalized for peptic ulcer disease has decreased significantly, but the number of patients with bleeding chronic ulcers remains unchanged.

Endoscopic surgery of gastrointestinal tumors

Two-stage polypectomy is also used for multiple polyps. If the operation proceeds successfully and the patients are in good condition, one can aim for simultaneous cutting off and extraction of all polyps (up to 7-10). But if the patients do not tolerate the introduction of the endoscope well, then 3-5 polyps can be removed, and the operation can be repeated in 2-3 days.

Endoscopic treatment of peptic ulcer disease

Endoscopic treatment of peptic ulcer disease is used as an addition to drug therapy for ulcers that are difficult to treat.

Therapeutic endoscopy for foreign bodies

Foreign bodies are all bodies that enter from outside in a special way or are formed in the body, digestible or not, of living or non-living nature, serving as food products or not, with or without clinical manifestations.

Endoscopy of the duodenum and intestine

Duodenoscopy can also be performed using devices with end-mounted optics. They have the greatest advantages when examining patients who have undergone gastric resection using the Bilroth-II method.

Esophageal endoscopy

When performing endoscopy of the esophagus in the cervical esophagus, the longitudinal folds of the mucous membrane touch each other with their tops. It is possible to straighten the folds and examine the mucous membrane of this section only with intensive air injection; it is difficult to achieve complete straightening of the folds. At the moment when the esophagus is easily straightened under the action of air, it can be stated that the end of the endoscope has reached the thoracic esophagus.

Endoscopic signs of gastric cancer

In Ukraine, stomach cancer ranks second among men and third among women among oncological diseases. Localization: 50-65% in the pyloroantral region (25-27% along the lesser curvature), in the vault of the stomach - up to 2%, in the upper third - 3.4%, in the middle third - 16%, in the lower third - 36%. Total damage to the stomach occurs in 14% of cases.

Endoscopic signs of gastric ulcers

An ulcer is a limited defect of the stomach wall, affecting the mucous membrane and part of other layers (submucous, muscular, sometimes serous). During examination, it is necessary to determine the localization, quantity, shape, size, and stage of development.

Endoscopic signs of gastric erosions

These diseases affect people in their active age. Over the years, there has been an increase in the incidence of the disease in our country. Age limits are expanding. Women are sick on average 4 times less often than men. Young women, unlike men, are sick less often than older women.

Endoscopic signs of gastritis

Gastritis is a lesion of the gastric mucosa with predominantly inflammatory changes in the acute course and with phenomena of dysregeneration, structural reorganization, with progressive changes in the mucosa in the chronic course, accompanied by dysfunction of the stomach and other organs and systems. Signs of gastritis are present in 60% of the entire population.

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