Endoscopy (endoscopy)

Endoscopy (examination) of the nasal cavity

Examination (endoscopy) of ENT organs is the main method of assessing their condition. For more effective implementation of this procedure, a number of general rules should be followed.

Colonoscopy

A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that uses a special flexible tube called a colonoscope to visualize the inside of the large intestine and the end of the small intestine.

The goals of esophagogastroduodenoscopy are to detect lesions of the mucous membranes of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum in acute and chronic infectious diseases, other diseases or complications. Carrying out therapeutic measures. Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment.

Bronchoscopy

The invention of the fiber bronchoscope by S. Ikeda et al. in 1968 increased the value of both diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy and expanded the range of its application. The resolution capabilities of bronchoscopy expanded: it became possible to examine all fourth-order bronchi, 86% of fifth-order bronchi, and 56% of sixth-order bronchi (G.I. Lukomsky et al., 1973).

Operative hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopic operations are conventionally divided into simple and complex. Simple operations do not require special long-term preparation, can be performed during diagnostic hysteroscopy, do not require laparoscopic control, can be performed on an outpatient basis if there is a one-day hospital. Simple hysteroscopic operations are carried out specifically under the control of a hysteroscope. They do not always require complex equipment; an operating hysteroscope and auxiliary instruments are more often used.

Phalloscopy

The condition of the fallopian tube epithelium is important for determining their functionality. Phalloscopy - direct visual examination of the intratubal epithelium allows assessing its condition, identifying possible pathology, and also assessing the likelihood of pregnancy after microsurgical operation during in vitro fertilization (GIFT, ZIFT).

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a combination of endoscopy (to detect and cannulate the ampulla of Vater) and radiographic examination after the introduction of a contrast agent into the bile and pancreatic ducts.

Chromoendoscopy

Chromoendoscopy is used for differential diagnostics of diseases that are difficult to distinguish by endoscopic signs. Most often, this concerns benign and malignant diseases, especially early forms, as well as determining the true boundaries of tumor lesions and inflammatory-degenerative changes in the mucous membrane.

Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is an examination of the walls of the uterine cavity using optical systems. This method is used both for diagnostics and for the treatment of various gynecological diseases.

Preparation for endoscopy for gastrointestinal bleeding

Preparation for fibroendoscopy in case of gastrointestinal bleeding is carried out during resuscitation. Anesthesia should be carried out depending on the patient's condition. Local anesthesia is most often used, but general anesthesia (endotracheal and intravenous) is also used.

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