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Physiotherapy for ischemic heart disease
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Coronary heart disease is a disease that is based on a discrepancy between myocardial oxygen demand and the level of its actual intake with coronary blood flow. The main clinical symptom of IHD is angina pectoris characterized by paroxysmal retrosternal pain or its equivalents.
Depending on the form of IHD at the hospital stage, the methods of physiotherapy of this disease are divided into four groups according to the timing of the start and according to the appropriate sequence and combination.
- Group I - methods (factors) acting on the higher and autonomic centers of the nervous system and peripheral sympathetic ganglia and receptors: electrosleep, drug electrophoresis, galvanization and magnetotherapy (the effect of PeMP).
- II group - methods (factors) of direct impact on the heart area: DMV-therapy and laser (magnetolaser) therapy.
- III group - methods (factors) that have an effect on systemic and regional hemodynamics. The main method is DMV-therapy.
- IV group - methods that have a normalizing effect on metabolic processes in the patient's coronary artery disease and other risk factors. In this case the leading role is given to balneotherapy.
In the stable course of IHD in outpatient and outpatient settings and at home, as well as at the patient's workplace, rehabilitation and anti-relapse courses of physiotherapy are recommended. The most effective and time-consuming methods of laser (magnetolaser) therapy and information-wave action.
With laser (magnetolaser) therapy, it is preferable to use infrared emitters (wavelength 0.8 - 0.9 μm). The technique is contact, stable. Irradiate open areas of skin.
Fields of exposure to the radiator with an irradiated surface area of about 1 cm:
- I - the middle of the left sternocleidomastoid muscle;
- II - the second intercostal space to the right of the sternum;
- III - the second intercostal space to the left of the sternum;
- IV - the fourth intercostal space along the left median-clavicular line (area of absolute percussion dullness of the heart);
- V - X - three fields are paravertebrally left and right at level CIII - ThV.
Combination of fields of influence: without disturbances of the heart rhythm - II - IV fields; in the presence of violations of the heart rhythm - I - IV field; with concomitant osteochondrosis of the spine with radicular syndrome and hypertension - II - X field.
PPM 1 - 10 mW / cm2. Induction of the magnetic nozzle 20 - 40 mT. Optimum is the frequency of modulation of radiation: II - IV field - 1 Hz with tachycardia and normosystole, 2 Hz - with bradycardia; field - 10 Hz; V - X field - 80 Hz. Effective also in the continuous mode of radiation. Time of action on the field is 30-60 s, on II-X field - 2 min. To the course 10 daily procedures 1 time per day in the morning.
Fields of action by the matrix radiator: - the fourth intercostal space along the left median-clavicular line (area of absolute percussory dullness of the heart); II - interblade area of the spine at the level of CII, - ThV).
Frequency of modulation of radiation: field - Hz with tachycardia and normosystole, 2 Hz - with bradycardia; II field - 80 Hz. The exposure time on the field is 2 min, for II field 4 min, for the course of treatment 10 daily procedures 1 time per day in the morning hours.
It is recommended to repeat the course of laser (magnetolaser) exposure in order to rehabilitate and prevent recurrent coronary heart disease every 3 months (4 times a year).
An alternative to laser therapy is the information-wave effect with the help of the Azor-IC apparatus. The emitter is installed on the bare part of the body, the contact technique is stable. Fields of exposure: - the precordial region (the area of absolute percussory dullness of the heart) on the front surface of the chest; II - III - the region of the left and right shoulder lines (in the presence of concomitant hypertension); IV - the middle of the interscapular region (in the presence of osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine). The frequency of modulation of radiation on the precardial region with tachycardia and normosystole 2 Hz, with bradycardia 5 Hz; on the shoulder area of 10 Hz, on the interscapular area of 80 Hz. Time of exposure to one field is 10 minutes, for a course of treatment 10 procedures daily 1 time per day in the morning.
As with laser (magnetolaser) therapy, patients with IHD are recommended to repeat a similar course of information-wave exposure every 3 months (4 times a year).
If it is necessary to psychological rehabilitation of patients with ischemic heart disease, it is recommended to carry out exposure with the Azor-IC apparatus to the projection of the frontal lobes of the brain contact, stably, 2 times a day (morning and evening). The frequency of EMP modulation in the morning hours after waking up to 21 Hz and before a night sleep is 2 Hz. The exposure time for 1 field is 20 minutes, for a course of 10 to 15 procedures daily. Repeat this course no earlier than 1 month.
It is possible to consistently perform procedures in one day with ischemic heart disease in outpatient and home conditions:
- laser (magnetolaser) therapy + psychological rehabilitation with the help of the apparatus "Azor-IC";
- information-wave impact with the help of the Azor-IC apparatus + psychological rehabilitation with the help of the Azor-IC apparatus.
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