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Kandinsky-Clerambault Syndrome
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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The Kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome is hallucinatory-paranoid in nature. Another syndrome is known under the names: "Kandinsky-Konovalov syndrome"; "Alienation syndrome"; "Syndrome of mental automatism". For the first time this illness, in particular its symptoms, was described by psychiatrist V.Kandinsky, and studied more in detail M.Klerambo, having generalized information on a problem of alienation syndrome, he singled out its basic kinds.
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Causes of the kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome
This pathology most often develops under the following conditions: schizophrenia, traumatic and epileptic psychosis.
When we burden the Kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome with schizoid conditions, therapy should be performed in specialized clinics in the hospital.
Risk factors
Syndrome Kandinsky-Clerambo can cause the following factors:
- addiction;
- substance abuse;
- hypoxia of the brain of various etiologies;
- stroke;
- ITC;
- alcoholism.
In these situations, delusions may appear, in the form of a protective reaction, due to traumatic factors.
Often the syndrome acts as a companion of Wilson's disease. This disease is associated with the accumulation of a large amount of copper in the human body. With a large amount of this element in the human body, severe irreversible changes in the liver and kidneys develop, the functioning of brain nerve cells is disrupted, and pathologies of vision develop.
Pathogenesis
In the initial stage of the disease, patients note obsessive pains, suffer from hallucinations, complaints of burning sensation and a sensation of fluid transfusion in the head, considering it the result of exogenous effects. This type of neurosis is characterized by gestures imposed from the outside (various kinds of pathological automatisms that a person commits - running, blinking, etc. Are the consequence of external factors). Patients may suffer from psycho-motor hallucinations, the pronunciation of words and phrases occurs forcibly.
[4],
Symptoms of the kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome
Characteristics of the disease are: a sense of exclusion, loss of personal emotional, mental, sensory and motor functions. Patients are aware of the influence: their body and thoughts are controlled by someone or something, and he must obey the one who guides them.
- Violation of mental activity (thoughts can accelerate, slow down and stop).
- Mentism-the idea appears without the participation of a person).
- The openness of thought - the surrounding know about their thoughts, ideas, feelings.
- Echo-thoughts - people who are nearby say aloud the thoughts of the patient.
- Withdrawal of thoughts.
- Non-verbal dialogues with individuals.
- Pseudohallucination - communication with spirits, mental voices.
Painful sensations in internal organs - feelings of heat and burning, are caused by extraneous essences from the outside.
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Stages
They note an acute and chronic stage of the course of the disease.
The acute stage can occur from several days to 3 months. The patient has delusional fantasies, complaints of a fragmentary nature, are paradoxical and changeable. There are strong emotions, manifested in excessive speech-motor excitability and aggressive behavior. Feeling of panic, fear, alertness, suspicion.
Chronic stage can take years, symptomatology is erased. The presence of Kandinsky Clerambo syndrome in combination with schizoid conditions is an unfavorable sign for the course and prognosis of a mental illness. The patient experiences the influence of external forces and makes fantastic complaints.
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Forms
- Associative - non-verbal communication with non-existent personalities, more often with offenders; others know and reproduce his thoughts.
- Sensory - unpleasant sensations on the surface of the body and internal organs.
- Motor - actions and movements occurring in addition to the will of the patient, imposed by "violent interference of external factors." This view corresponds to the conviction: that not by their own will done the movements and deeds.
[7]
Diagnostics of the kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome
Differential diagnosis
In the differential diagnosis of a patient with suspected Kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome, a series of tests should be conducted to recognize psychoses of different etiology or schizophrenia. When establishing the diagnosis, Kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome should be distinguished from HBS (hallucinatory-delusional state), having similar symptoms. The only difference is the presence in the GBS of true hallucinations and at the same time there is no sense of alienation of the person.
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Treatment of the kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome
Patients with suspicion of Kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome are hospitalized in the psychoneurological department or in a specialized clinic where doctors will be prescribed complex medication. When medication is used, neuroleptic drugs that inhibit nervous processes in the central nervous system (triftazine, haloperidol, clozapine) are used.
Trifthazine is given in / m - 1-2 ml of 0.2% solution. Side effects associated with the use of the drug are impaired coordination of movements, inflammatory processes in the liver tissues and various allergic reactions.
Haloperidol is given as a tablet and injection form. Using the drug orally it is taken half an hour before meals (to reduce the negative effect on the stomach, it is recommended to drink milk).
Dosage is strictly prescribed by the doctor individually. Begin treatment with a dose that is 0.5-2 mg per day and is divided into 2-3 doses. Gradually increasing the dose achieve the necessary therapeutic effect (0.5-5 mg). The maximum allowable dose of the drug per day is 100 mg. On average, the therapy takes 2-3 months. At the end of the course, the treating physician prescribes a maintenance dose - with a gradual decrease. The adverse effects of taking haloperidol: headache, dizziness, anxiety, euphoric or depressive states, possible epileptic attacks.
Clozapine is used in the form of tablets or injectively. When administered orally, a dose of 0.05-0.1 g is usually given and divided into 2-3 doses (regardless of the diet). Then the daily dose is adjusted to 0.2-0.4-0.6 g. The duration of the course of treatment is prescribed by the doctor individually. When carrying out maintenance therapy clozapine is prescribed to 0,025-0,2 g or intramuscularly 1-2 ml of 2.5% solution for evening reception. Side effects when using the drug are: drowsiness, weakness in the muscles, confused consciousness, tachycardia attacks, rising body temperature, the state of collapse.
With the effectiveness of the use of psychotropic drugs, the patient is recommended psychotherapy and rehabilitation.
The timely treatment of the acute stage of the Kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome is aimed at eliminating the possibility of dangerous consequences of the patient's behavior.
The reception of beer yeast, preparations containing iron, phytin and other fortifying agents is recommended to the cachectic patients. Patients especially need the introduction of vitamins.
Physiotherapy is not very effective in the case of Kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome.
Alternative treatment
Alternative healers advise in the Kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome to make an amulet using a piece of peony root that has a calming effect on the body, and improves the health of the disease.
Ancient Tibetan method. A large portion of olive oil is placed in a vessel of clay, and buried in the ground to a depth of 1.5 m for a period of not less than 12 months. A year later, the clay vessel is removed and the oil is used to rub the patient's body. For 30 minutes, smooth massage movements rub the patient's body, the head and neck require special attention. The course of treatment is carried out for two months. At the end of the first course, the massage should be repeated after 1 month.
Sasha with thyme, hops, oregano and mint helps quickly to calm down and fall asleep. A bath with a willow broth has a relaxing property.
Herbal Treatment
Pour 100 grams of sage fragrant flowers 0,5 l with unrefined vegetable oil and infuse for 14 days in a dark place. The mixture must be shaken periodically. After it is necessary to strain it and rub it into the temporal region twice a day.
When shaking hands alternative healers advise: pour 3 tablespoons. Herbs of oregano 3rd st. Boiling water and insist in a thermos for 8 hours. Pre-strain the infusion, use in equal portions throughout the day. The duration of the course of phytotherapy is 1 month. After 1 month, repeat again.
To strengthen the nervous system healers recommend: in a thermos pour boiling water (400 ml) 2 tbsp. A mixture of hop cones and dry crushed blackberry leaves. Infuse the night. Take equal portions (100 ml) for 30-40 minutes before meals 4 times. Alternately, brew the herb sevenfish and the lifeblood. The duration of treatment with these herbs is from 1.5 to 2 years.
Homeopathy
The psycho-emotional state of a person is influenced by bleach, dope, belladonna. They are used for cooking and homeopathic remedies.
Before taking, medicines, alternative or homeopathic remedies for the therapy of the syndrome, specialist consultation is necessary.
Prevention
With the prophylactic purpose of the Kandinsky-clerambo syndrome, specialists prescribe appropriate therapy for the underlying mental illness. It must be timely and adequate. The correct diagnosis is important.
After treatment in hospital, psychotherapy is recommended. Adaptation classes are held in groups, family and individually. They affect the restoration of the patient's independent existence in society. According to the research, in the course of studies, the stress resistance of patients increases and the possibility of a repeated attack of the disease decreases. It is necessary to adhere to a diet that excludes food products containing copper (nuts, chocolate, beans). Additionally, physical therapy is recommended.
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Forecast
Treatment of an acute form of the disease with rapid and correct diagnosis usually ends, a favorable outcome.
The chronic stage of the Kandinsky-Clerambo syndrome is prone to long-term progression, which leads to the degradation of the personality.